The evolution of the industrial relations function in the National Health Service 1974-80.

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX185527 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Engaging Faculty In Community Engagement

Researchers endorse the integration of community engagement (CE) into higher education as a way to improve the relevance of education, address community needs, and forge university-community partnerships (Zlotkowski, 1996).  CE can help create stronger ties between universities and their communities and provide students with experiential learning and an opportunity to practice new skills.  Successful integration of CE in the curriculum can assist universities in achieving their mission.  The question is how to communicate these benefits to the faculty of a university and how the university can support CE in an organized way.  This paper reports on factors contributing to successful implementation of community engagement in higher education.  A case study of one university is presented and comparisons with universities, which have successfully implemented CE into their campus culture, are also made.  Key principles identified include mentoring, awareness-raising, and supportive university infrastructure

Cutaneous metastasis from penile squamous cell carcinoma resembling carcinoma en cuirasse

Penile squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy seen more frequently in developing nations. Metastasis occurs in a predictable manner, with superficial lymph node involvement occurring first, followed by deep lymph node involvement, and then distant spread. Brain, lung, liver, and bone are the typical sites of distant metastasis. We present the unusual case of an 81-year-old man with penile squamous cell carcinoma requiring total penectomy who developed a confluent red to violaceous, indurated suprapubic plaque with satellite papules and bulky inguinal lymphadenopathy. The shield-like clinical presentation and infiltrating strands and cords on histology resembled carcinoma en cuirasse, a rare form of cutaneous metastasis frequently associated with breast cancer but not reported with penile squamous cell carcinoma

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keberadaan Komite Manajemen Risiko (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Perbankanyang Terdaftar di Bei Periode 2012-2014)

This studied examines the effect of independent commisaries board, commisaries board size, external auditor reputation, financial reporting risk, leverage, firm size and audit committe characteristic on risk management committe. The sample of this study is 29 of banking companies that listed in BEI period 2012-2014. Analytical techniques used to perform the hypothesis testing is purposive sampling with secondary data. The Data got from website www.idx.com. Data are analyzed using logitic regression method using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) 17 version. The results showed variable independent commisaries board had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.035 and H1 accepted, commisaries board size had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.042 and H2 accepted, external auditor reputation had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.013 and H3 accepted, financial reporting risk had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.014 and H4 accepted, leverage had not effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.553 and H5 rejected, firm size had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.022 and H6 accepted and audit committe characteristic had effect on risk management committe with significance value of 0.037 and H7 accepted

An introduction to the written works of Nawal al-Sa'dawi.

Nawal al-Sa'dawi is an Egyptian doctor and feminist writer whose sociological works have had a great impact on her society and the Arab world. This thesis sets out to trace how Sa'dawi's work as a doctor during the 1960s brought her into such close contact with the sufferings of women and girls in her society, that she set out to try and discover the reasons for such widespread oppression of her own sex. Each of Sa'dawi's factual works is treated separately here in chronological order. These works show Sa'dawi protesting against sexual and social abuses of women, against female circumcision and double standards of morality in her society. When she tries to expose the root causes of Arab women's oppression, she points the finger of blame at patriarchal society, economic pressures and misguided interpretations of psychology and religion. Sa'dawi is prevented from speaking out frankly against political or religious institutions because of the threat of censorship which carries with it the danger of imprisonment and persecution. Apart from a critical examination of her factual books, this thesis also contains a survey of her fictional works, for Sa'dawi has also achieved success in the field of literature with her short stories and novels. Her fiction frequently brings to the reader typical dilemmas facing women in Egyptian society. Again each work is discussed individually here. Since Sa'dawi is still very active as a writer, I have had to confine my thesis to covering her output up to 1986, which means that nineteen works are discussed in detail. The tremendous popularity of Sa'dawi and her written works rests largely on her commitment to helping her compatriots achieve balanced healthy lives from the psychological, physical and sexual dimensions, through frank discussions of highly controversial subjects. During the 1980s, Sa'dawi's fame has spread to the West where she is rightly regarded as the leading spokeswoman for Arab feminism

Early childhood teachers partnering with teacher educators to connect children to taiao (the natural world) through place-based learning

Initial cycles of an action research project brought together local early childhood (ECE) teachers, and tertiary ECE teacher educators, to explore possible uses of the Ōtātara Outdoor Learning Centre (ŌOLC), adjoining the campus at Hawke’s Bay’s Te Aho a Maui Eastern Institute of Technology (EIT), Napier, New Zealand. EIT is situated below Ōtātara Pa, a historic site that holds cultural and historical significance for local Māori, specifically Ngati Pārau Hapū and Ngati Kahungunu Iwi. Education in New Zealand is underpinned by commitment to Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Treaty of Waitangi), ensuring that the principles; partnership, participation and protection of kaupapa Māori are supported through bicultural curricula. Māori holistic perspectives strengthen this focus and shifting understanding that place-based learning authenticates environmental approaches to education and cultural knowledge. During the first meeting, participants walked the hillside site and shared group discussions. From these conversations, the teachers identified three main themes: establishing connections between children and the physical place, new opportunities for teacher learning and challenges to implementing spontaneous teaching and learning in this unique environment. Future cycles of the research will focus on workshops for teachers to address these themes for teachers’ working with children in the space

Nonbelieved memories in the false memory archive

The False Memory Archive is a unique art collection containing hundreds of false memory reports submitted by members of the general population. The current study aimed to analyse these reports. Specifically, we examined whether some of the memories reported in these submissions were better described as nonbelieved memories (NBMs). Furthermore, we investigated the reasons for why people decided that their memory was false and assessed the verification strategies that people used to validate their mental representation. Five hundred submissions were coded and more than half (53.4%) met the criteria for NBMs. Social feedback was the most frequently reported reason for reducing belief and asking family members was the most frequently mentioned memory verification strategy. Reports categorized as NBMs were more likely to include mention of memory verification strategies than were believed memories

Medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus in Australia : what has changed in 10 years and how does current practice compare with best practice?

Background: The present study aimed to report Australian dietetic practice regarding management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to make comparisons with the findings from a 2009 survey of dietitians and with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guidelines (NPG). Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2019 and 2009 of dietitians providing medical nutrition therapy (MNT) to women with GDM in Australia. The present study compares responses on demographics, dietetic assessment and interventions, and guideline use in 2019 vs. 2009. Results: In total, 149 dietitians (2019) and 220 (2009) met survey inclusion criteria. In both surveys >60% of respondents reported dietary interventions aiming for >45% energy from carbohydrate, 15%–25% energy from protein and 15%–30% energy from fat. Many variations in MNT found in 2009 continued to be evident in 2019, including the percentage of energy from carbohydrate aimed for (30%–65% in 2019 vs. 20%–75% in 2009) and the wide range in the recommended minimum daily carbohydrate intake (40–220 and 60–300 g). Few dietitians reported aiming for the NPG minimum of 175 g of carbohydrate daily in both surveys (32% in 2019 vs. 26% in 2009). There were, however, some significant increases in MNT consistent with NPG recommendations in 2019 vs. 2009, including the minimum frequency of visits provided (49%, n = 61 vs. 33%, n = 69; p < 0.001) and provision of gestational weight gain advice (59%, n = 95 vs. 40%, n = 195; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Although many dietitians continue to provide MNT consistent with existing NPG, there is a need to support greater uptake, especially for recommendations regarding carbohydrate intake

Systems analysis of the transcriptional response of human ileocecal epithelial cells to Clostridium difficile toxins and effects on cell cycle control

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) are <it>Clostridium difficile</it>'s principal virulence factors, yet the pathways by which they lead to inflammation and severe diarrhea remain unclear. Also, the relative role of either toxin during infection and the differences in their effects across cell lines is still poorly understood. To better understand their effects in a susceptible cell line, we analyzed the transciptome-wide gene expression response of human ileocecal epithelial cells (HCT-8) after 2, 6, and 24 hr of toxin exposure.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We show that toxins elicit very similar changes in the gene expression of HCT-8 cells, with the TcdB response occurring sooner. The high similarity suggests differences between toxins are due to events beyond transcription of a single cell-type and that their relative potencies during infection may depend on differential effects across cell types within the intestine. We next performed an enrichment analysis to determine biological functions associated with changes in transcription. Differentially expressed genes were associated with response to external stimuli and apoptotic mechanisms and, at 24 hr, were predominately associated with cell-cycle control and DNA replication. To validate our systems approach, we subsequently verified a novel G₁/S and known G₂/M cell-cycle block and increased apoptosis as predicted from our enrichment analysis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study shows a successful example of a workflow deriving novel biological insight from transcriptome-wide gene expression. Importantly, we do not find any significant difference between TcdA and TcdB besides potency or kinetics. The role of each toxin in the inhibition of cell growth and proliferation, an important function of cells in the intestinal epithelium, is characterized.</p

A global Mars dust composition refined by the Alpha-Particle X-ray Spectrometer in Gale Crater

Modern Martian dust is similar in composition to the global soil unit and bulk basaltic Mars crust, but it is enriched in S and Cl. The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover analyzed air fall dust on the science observation tray (o-tray) in Gale Crater to determine dust oxide compositions. The o-tray dust has the highest concentrations of SO3 and Cl measured in Mars dust (SO3 8.3%; Cl 1.1 wt %). The molar S/Cl in the dust (3.35 ± 0.34) is consistent with previous studies of Martian dust and soils (S/Cl = 3.7 ± 0.7). Fe is also elevated ~25% over average Mars soils and the bulk crust. These enrichments link air fall dust with the S-, Cl-, and Fe-rich X-ray amorphous component of Gale Crater soil. Dust and soil have the same S/Cl, constraining the surface concentrations of S and Cl on a global scale