Sulfur isotope composition in the Plesenci native sulfur mineral deposit, Republic of Macedonia

For the first time, we present our findings of the origin of sulfur in the gypsum and native sulfur within the Plesenci deposit, R.Macedonia. There we made a series of complex research and analysis of the light isotope (32S), heavy isotope (34S), and their isotopic ratios (δ34S). For the gypsum within the ore deposit Plesenci, δ34S values ranged from –7.1 up to –3.2‰ (standard deviation not higher than +/-0.9), averaging -5.5‰, while those for native sulfur have shown range starting from –1.00 up to +2.8‰ averaging 0.5‰ (standard deviation not higher than +/-0.8), due to enrichment with lighter sulfur isotope and relative enrichment with heavy sulfur isotope, respectively. Those ranges of sulfur isotope ratios indicated that the origin of sulfur could be related to deep sources

THE INFLUENCE OF THE DURATION OF MACERATION ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND QUALITY ON THE WINES OF THE VRANEC BRAND IN TIKVESH WINE REGION

This paper shows the results obtained from the study of the duration of maceration to the chemical composition of wine and the sensor characteristics. Analyses were made during 2019 in the Tikvesh Wine Region on the vineyards in the area of the village Shivec. Analyses were made from the grape of three vineyards of variety Vranec, including variants 1, 3 and 5 with the maceration of 7 days, and variants 2, 4 and 6 with the maceration of 15 days. Wines produced from variations 1,4,5, and 6 are wines with a pure smell, a pleasant and discrete varietal aroma, and with a simple and fruity taste which does not leave a lasting aftertaste. Wines produced from variation 3 have dark ruby red colour and the most complex and accentuated fruity aroma, with a sour cherry and red fruits aroma being especially present. Wines produced from variation 2 have a complex and accentuated black fruits aroma, harmonious and full taste and they can be aged for a long time, stored and processed further. Maceration of 15 days gave wines with complex and accentuated aromas and more polyphenols compounds and anthocyanins, which are better for a long time store and processed further, while the maceration of 7 days gave wines with simple and fruity taste which does not leave a lasting aftertaste, nice for quickly consummation

Comparative analysis of real estate property appraisal and property transactions in FYROM, Republic of Serbia, Republic of Montenegro and Bosnia and Hercegovina

Historically, political past of all four countries (FYROM, Republic of Serbia, Republic of Montenegro and Bosnia and Hercegovina) as part of the Yugoslav Federation has created common legal and technical norms in the definition and administration of real estate. Real estate transactions in the federal system, and characteristics which are related to a predominantly planned economy and limited market effects, have been subordinated according to the registration rules through which each spatial entity acquires status of real estate property and rights upon the property. In that political status of the federation, valuation and cofactors implications on real estate value have not been considered as a crucial up to the moment of privatization of state capital. The period, known as transition, when the republics gained the independent status with separate political systems and specificities, each country independently has developed its system for property valuation further with its own characteristics, those system will be compared in this research. In order to establish a unique and recognizable approach in comparative analyses and to reduce the risks of targeted dependence on the factors on which the analyzes are based, analysis will be conducted on the bases of influential stakeholders in real estate market activities, the development periods with characteristics in accordance with the property market ambient in each country and the legal framework through which the legal-technical-technological-management guidelines in the administration of the real estate are regulated.In the newly established circumstances, the approaches to determining the value of real estate in each of the states whose statuses are compared have their own characteristics based on nationally established standards and their application, professional organizations through which they exercise and control the activities as well as the legal aspects for qualifying and licensing companies and individuals as legitimate enforcement agents in supporting the processes for property appraisal. Data acquisition will be conducted through a survey in each country, the relevant statuses will be provided and systems similarities and contrasts in any aspect at each of the indicated comparison sites will be established

Morphological types of mineralization in the Lojane As-Sb deposit, Republic of Macedonia

The Lojane deposit is a characteristic epithermal As-Sb type of mineralization located in the contact boundary between the Tertiary volcanites and the Jurassic ultrabasites in the immediate vicinity of the village of Lojane in the northern parts of the Republic of Macedonia. Mineralization is of a vein type, and the main bearers of As-Sb mineralization are the stibnite (antimonite) and the realgar, followed at the places by the orpiment. Four morphological types of mineralization are defined by the latest macroscopic and microscopic investigations of the Lojane As-Sb mineralization. The first type is defined as the realgar and the realgar-orpiment mineralization in the silicified breccias. The second type is characterized by purely stibnite mineralization in the silicified breccias. The third type of mineralization is massive to earthy, realgar type occasionally interspersed with later feather-like stibnite veins. The fourth type is characterized by the most common stibnite veins and realgar-stibnite veins. Beside the defined four morphological types of ores in the Lojane deposit, there are transitional types among these mineralizations, usually followed by ore nests, brecciated ores with impregnations, ores in crushing zones, and veinlets with impregnations. The concentration of the mineralization is the most intensive within the individual or complex ore veins, which in places transform into lenses or in brecciated zones. The average content of the main ore components in the Lojane deposit is about 4% Sb and 5% As

Radon and radium concentration in self-bottled mineral spring water from the public fountain “Elixir” at the Moklište area, Republic of North Macedonia

Within this paper is presented information about current study of radon and radium analysis in self-bottled drinking water from the public water fountain “Elixir” in the Moklište area, city of Kavadarci. Obtained results for the radon in water measurements, for the preventive method taken samples, ranged from 3.40 up to 3.69 Bq·l–1, while values for the typical method taken samples ranged from 2.60 up to 3.62 Bq·l–1. Radon concentration measured from samples obtained in typical way showed lower than the corresponding values obtained using the preventive sampling method, where comparison of respective samples P1-T1, P2-T2 and P3-T3 have shown lower values of 1.09 %, 17.62 % and 23.53 % for typical method. Obtained results for the radium in water, for the preventive method taken samples, ranged from 0.08 up to 0.19 Bq·l–1 while values for the typical method taken samples ranged from 0.11 up to 0.14 Bq·l-1. Radium concentration measured from samples obtained in typical way showed lower than the corresponding values obtained using the preventive sampling method, where comparison of respective samples P1-T1, P2-T2 and P3-T3 have shown differences in respective values of of 8.33 %, 42.11 % and 42.86 % for typical method. The committed effective dose for the population consuming the self-bottled water from the Moklište public drinking water fountain of the region was estimated using the concentration of 222Rn and 226Ra in water samples, which ranges from 21.09 to 33.43 μSv y–1 for preventive method and from 22.79 to 26.01 μSv y–1 for traditional method

3D modeling of the Borov Dol porphyry copper deposit, Republic of North Macedonia

Recent exploration of the Borov Dol copper porphyry deposit has made a significant contribution to understanding the geological composition of the deposit and determining the ore bodies. Significant geological explorations have been carried out in the area of the Borov Dol ore deposit, and during 2019, open pit exploitation has started. Along with extensive geochemical and geophysical investigations, a drilling program has been implemented at the site and provided decent exploration results. For this 3D model, all 100 drill holes made in the period from 1966 to 2013 were used. The drill holes have a total length of 23 435 m. Four professional software packages were used in the preparation and production of 3D models at the Borov Dol site. Surfer models of surface halos of copper, gold, lead and zinc ores have been developed, which jointly define the space of the possible feeding channel for copper mineralization and associated metals. The most detailed 3D model of the Borov Dol ore deposit was completed with the professional software package MOVE, which provides the surface visualizations and variants of the 3D model to the depth. Comparison was done with the MineSight software package, which also included compatibility of the geochemical data. Confirmation of 3D modeling was obtained using the professional Vulcan software package, which gave a morphological shape of the complete ore body in 3D visualization and a view of the ore body down to a level of 300 m

Sulfur isotope composition in the Plesenci native sulfur mineral deposit, Republic of Macedonia

For the first time, we present our findings of the origin of sulfur in the gypsum and native sulfur within the Plesenci deposit, R.Macedonia. There we made a series of complex research and analysis of the light isotope (32S), heavy isotope (34S), and their isotopic ratios (δ34S). For the gypsum within the ore deposit Plesenci, δ34S values ranged from –7.1 up to –3.2‰ (standard deviation not higher than +/-0.9), averaging -5.5‰, while those for native sulfur have shown range starting from –1.00 up to +2.8‰ averaging 0.5‰ (standard deviation not higher than +/-0.8), due to enrichment with lighter sulfur isotope and relative enrichment with heavy sulfur isotope, respectively. Those ranges of sulfur isotope ratios indicated that the origin of sulfur could be related to deep sources

Overview of the natural parameters from the geological-economical evaluation of the Borov Dol ore deposit, Republic of Macedonia

Attractiveness of the newly explored Cu-Au porphyry Borov Dol ore deposit gave us an initiative to calculate several important techno-economical parameters, which can define the economic type of this mineralization. Namely, the degree of ore bearing in these types of ore mineralization is variable, but calculation at particular levels and different drill holes gave the more realistic ratio of mixed types of mineralizations within this ore body. Calculated ore-bearing coefficient was 0.78%, meaning that within the ore body boundaries only 22% of mass is not mineralized somehow, which is highly compatible with neighboring Buchim porphyry deposit and its four ore bodies. The calculated value of variation coefficient (V) has shown value of 52% that is in the range of 43-100%, which displays that this ore body belongs to the third group of deposits with uneven mineralization. An average copper, gold and silver concentrations were determined as 0.247% Cu, 0.19g/t Au and 1.34 g/t Ag, respectively. Minimal economic content (MEC) within the Borov Dol ore deposit, as represent of this kind of mineralizations, was determined as 0.204% Cu. In similar manner was calculated the lowest copper boundary, which have shown value of 0.159% Cu and thus allowing certain decrease of contents in the eventual process of exploitation of ore. Also, there were calculated so called copper monometal values, which included influence of the present gold and silver in the ore. Calculated copper monometal was set at relatively fair 0.272% Cu that repre-sents solid mainstay for exploitation of copper in these low percentage ores. Calculated ore reserves in this particular ore body were 60 Mt of ore with 0.247% Cu, 0.19 g/t Au and 1.34 g/t Ag and projected life of eventual open pit mine of promising 12 years

Повеќефазно моделирање на оруднувањето во боровдолскиот бакарен порфирски систем

Во оваа докторска дисертација се изложени податоци од геолошка, геохемиска, геофизичка, структуролошка и металогенетска гледна точка како и специфичните особености на бакарното порфирско наоѓалиште Боров Дол. Просторната позиција на оруднувањето во наоѓалиштето Боров Дол, е контролирана од раседните структури со правец на протегање СЗ-ЈИ и СИ-ЈЗ, кружно-елиптичните неогени структури (типични за структурите на вулканските апарати) и субвулканско-вулканските формации на терциерниот магматизам од трахиандезитски до андезитски состав со апсолутна старост од 24,04 Ма до 24,51 Ма. Наоѓалиштето Боров Дол е дел од рудниот реон Бучим-Дамјан-Боров Дол кој јасно се проектира во рамките на дивергентниот Алпски ороген и продуктиваната металогенетска зона Леце-Халкидик. Плутонитите и центрите на главните доводни канали за магматизмот и минерализацијата во наоѓалиштето Боров Дол се потврдени со геофизичките испитувања преку позитивно аномално геомагнетско поле, масивните рудни тела се потврдени со гравиметриски максимуми и намалениот геоелектричен отпор. Ваквите сознанија во најголема мера коинцидираат и со главните аномални геохемиски зони кој во централните делови на наоѓалиштето изнесуваат и до 3 000 ppm Cu, 1 000 ppm Mo, 800 ppm Ag, 3 000 ppm Pb, 1 650 ppm Zn и 3 000 ppm Ba. Дефинираноста на наоѓалиштето Боров Дол како порфирско наоѓалиште, главно минерализирано со познатата асоцијација Cu-Au-Mo-Ag-Pb-Zn и др., е овозможена од систематските проучувања и идентификација на типоморфните промени (К-метасоматоза, серицитизација, силификација, аргилитизација, пропилитизација и др.) кои го даваат класичниот порфирски модел на промени, потоа минералната асоцијација претставена со главната кварц-пирит- халкопиритова (промислена) парагенеза во наоѓалиштето која е основниот носител на бакар и злато и серија на бакарни сулфосоли од редот на тетредрит-тенантит, лузонит, путоранит и др., типоморфните штокверкни и штокверкно-импрегнациони оруднувања, појавата на оксидационо-цемнтационата зона и јасен преод кон примарната сулфидна минерализација, ниските концентрации на основните рудни метали (̴ 0,247 % Cu; 0,19 g/t Au; 1,34 g/t Ag; max. 140 g/t Mo; max. 0,29 % Pb; max. 0,22 % Zn) и друго. Варијациите на δ34S во рудните минерали од наоѓалиште Боров Дол се движеа од -7,52 ‰ до +5,40 ‰, додека изотопните вредности на δ13C‰ и δ18O‰ во калцитите од наоѓалиштето Боров Дол се движеа од +6,65 до +21,72‰ и од -13,00 до +0,04 ‰, редоследно. Што се однесува до флуидните инклузии се потврди дека покрај доминантните двофазни инклузии на гас-течност постојат и трифазни флуидни инклузии (гас+течност+цврста фаза). Освен овие сознанија, изотопните соодноси на стронциум и неодиум во магматските карпи од рудниот реон Бучим-Дамјан-Боров Дол (87Sr/86Sr 0,706584–0,707406 и 143Nd/144Nd 0,512425–0,512497) укажуваат на мала контаминација на магматските примероци со материјал од континенталната кора, што е последица на делумното растопување на длабоките делови на континенталната кора потиснати надолу при судирот на континенталните блокови. Во прилог на ова се и резултатите од REE анализите кои покажуваат висока содржина на литофилни елементи со големи јони (LILE), сооднос на Ba/Nb (3,025-44,638), слабо присуство на елементи со висока моќност на поле (HFSE) и слаба негативна аномалија на еуропиум (0,60940-1,02028). Направена е и проценка на бакарната порфирска минерализација во Боров Дол преку тродимензионално моделирање на геологијата, раседните структури и геохемиската распределба на елементите од интерес, за да се добие еден подобар увид на рудно-генетските процеси и истражувачкиот потенцијал