Body Mass Index as a predictor of multimorbidity in the Brazilian population

Overweight is a health risk indicator, but little is known about its influence on the chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) multimorbidity. The aim of this study was to identify the predictive values   and sociodemographic factors associated with Body Mass Index (BMI) as a determinant of the occurrence of NCD multimorbidity in Brazilian men and women. Data from the “Surveillance of risk and protection factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey” - 2013 national survey were used. The population was composed of ≥18 year-old individuals and those living in house with a fixed telephone line in the 27 Brazilian’s capitals. The outcome variables were BMI and its respective predictive value for the occurrence of multimorbidity (≥2 NCDs). The exposure was age, marital status and educational level. Inferential statistics included the construction of Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (cutoff point defined by sensibility [Se] and specificity [Sp]) and the association by Poisson Regression, stratified by sex. The values with the best predictive capacity for multimorbidity were 26.7 kg/m² (Se = 60.9%, Sp = 60.2%) for men and 25.7 kg/m² (Se = 61.8%, Sp = 61.1%) for women. The predictive multimorbidity value followed the progress of age groups up to 55 to 64 years for both groups. Women with higher educational level showed an inverse association for the presence of the outcome. BMI can be considered a predictor of the occurrence of multimorbidity, and sociodemographic profile associated with this predictive value was advancement age and inversely associated with educational level in women

WALKING ABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL INDICATORS

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos com a capacidade de locomoção em pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP). Um estudo transversal examinou uma amostra não probabilística de pacientes com DAOP. A capacidade de locomoção foi determinada usando o Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Foram explorados indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Correlação de Spearman e regressão linear bruta e ajustada foram utilizadas na análise. Quarenta indivíduos (idade 62,8±9,7 anos) participaram do estudo. Apenas a gravidade da doença apresentou forte correlação negativa com o escore total da capacidade de locomoção (r=-0,75) e seus itens: distância percorrida (r=-0,73), velocidade da caminhada (r=-0,69) e subir escadas (r=-0,69). Após ajuste, maior escolaridade (β=13,0; p=0,047) e gravidade da doença (β=12,7; p=0,001) associaram-se à capacidade de locomoção (R²=0,50; VIF:1,33; p≤0,001). Pacientes com DAOP apresentam prejuízos na capacidade de locomoção, o que está relacionado com a baixa escolaridade e ao aumento da gravidade da doença.The aim of this study was to verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical indicators with the walking ability in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. A cross-sectional study examined a non-probabilistic sample of patients with PAOD. Walking ability was determined using the Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical indicators were explored. Spearman correlation and crude and adjusted linear regression were used in the analysis. Forty individuals (age 62.8±9.7 years) participated in the study. Only disease severity showed a strong negative correlation with total walking ability score (r=-0.75) and its items: walking distance (r=-0.73), walking speed (r=-0.69), and climbing stairs (r=-0.69). After adjustment, higher educational level (β=13.0; p=0.047) and disease severity (β=12.7; p=0.001) were associated with walking ability (R²=0.50; VIF:1.33; p≤0.001). Patients with PAOD have impairments in their walking ability, which is related to low educational level and increased severity of the disease.El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar la asociación entre indicadores sociodemográficos y clínicos con la capacidad de caminar en pacientes con enfermedad oclusiva arterial periférica (PAOD).Un estudio transversal examinó una muestra no probabilística de pacientes con PAOD. La capacidad para caminar se determinó utilizando el Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Se exploraron indicadores sociodemográficos y clínicos. En el análisis se utilizaron la correlación de Spearman y la regresión lineal cruda y ajustada. Cuarenta individuos (edad 62,8±9,7 años) participaron del estudio. Solo la gravedad de la enfermedad mostró una fuerte correlación negativa con la puntuación total de la habilidad para caminar (r=-0,75) y sus ítems: distancia recorrida (r=-0,73), velocidad al caminar (r=-0,69) y subir escaleras (r=-0,69). Después del ajuste, la educación superior (β=13,0; p=0,047) y la gravedad de la enfermedad (β=12,7; p=0,001) se asociaron con la capacidad para caminar (R²=0,50; VIF:1,33; p≤0,001). Los pacientes con PAOD tienen deficiencias en su capacidad para caminar, lo que se relaciona con un bajo nivel educativo y una mayor gravedad de la enfermedad.The aim of this study was to verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical indicators with the walking ability in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. A cross-sectional study examined a non-probabilistic sample of patients with PAOD. Walking ability was determined using the Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical indicators were explored. Spearman correlation and crude and adjusted linear regression were used in the analysis. Forty individuals (age 62.8±9.7 years) participated in the study. Only disease severity showed a strong negative correlation with total walking ability score (r=-0.75) and its items: walking distance (r=-0.73), walking speed (r=-0.69), and climbing stairs (r=-0.69). After adjustment, higher educational level (β=13.0; p=0.047) and disease severity (β=12.7; p=0.001) were associated with walking ability (R²=0.50; VIF:1.33; p≤0.001). Patients with PAOD have impairments in their walking ability, which is related to low educational level and increased severity of the diseaseO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos com a capacidade de locomoção em pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP). Um estudo transversal examinou uma amostra não probabilística de pacientes com DAOP. A capacidade de locomoção foi determinada usando o Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Foram explorados indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Correlação de Spearman e regressão linear bruta e ajustada foram utilizadas na análise. Quarenta indivíduos (idade 62,8±9,7 anos) participaram do estudo. Apenas a gravidade da doença apresentou forte correlação negativa com o escore total da capacidade de locomoção (r=-0,75) e seus itens: distância percorrida (r=-0,73), velocidade da caminhada (r=-0,69) e subir escadas (r=-0,69). Após ajuste, maior escolaridade (β=13,0; p=0,047) e gravidade da doença (β=12,7; p=0,001) associaram-se à capacidade de locomoção (R²=0,50; VIF:1,33; p≤0,001). Pacientes com DAOP apresentam prejuízos na capacidade de locomoção, o que está relacionado com a baixa escolaridade e ao aumento da gravidade da doença

Noncommunicable chronic diseases clusters in Brazilian adults and older adults: correlations as multimorbidity

Abstract Background Health has dynamic conditions and overlapping pathophysiological factors. For health prevention and promotion, actions are necessary to understand the most common risk combinations. Objective Describe noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) clusters and investigate specific multimorbidity combinations in Brazilian adults and older adults. Method This study used data from Vigitel 2013 survey held in the Brazilian capitals (52,929 interviews). A self-report of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity was used. The analyses were the descriptive cluster of NCDs and an adjusted binary logistic regression (odds ratio [OR]), stratified by age. Results Among adults, the clusters of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity (O/E = 18.74) and diabetes, hypertension, and obesity (O/E = 16.83) were higher. There was a higher clustering between diabetes and obesity (O/E = 7.25). Among adults, diabetes was associated with dyslipidemia (OR: 3.04), hypertension (OR: 3.84), and hypertension with obesity (OR: 3.34). In older adults, hypertension was associated with diabetes (OR: 2.79), dyslipidemia (OR: 2.06), and obesity (OR: 2.26). Conclusion Other diseases combined with diabetes and hypertension were more frequent in adults and older adults. It is suggested to combine preventive and control measures for these diseases for the non-occurrence of new diagnoses

Fasting aerobic exercise: professional prescription and opinion, and its practice by students of bodybuilding academies

Os objetivos do estudo foram investigar as prevalências da prescriçãoe interpretação profissional e da prática de exercício aeróbio em jejum por alunos praticantes de musculação, bem como, comparar o conhecimento de professores e alunos sobre os potenciais benefícios e riscos desta. Na comparação empregou-se o teste exato de Fischer. Participaram do estudo 110 alunos e 8 professores. Não houve relato de prescrição, enquanto a prática atual de exercício aeróbio em jejum foi de 16,4%. O principal objetivo relatado para a prática foi o emagrecimento. Nos benefícios, os professores relataram em maior proporção que o aeróbio em jejum pode promover melhoria da saúde, mas também reconheceram que a prática pode trazer malefícios à saúde. A divergência entre prevalência de prescrição profissional e prática do exercício aeróbio em jejum sinalizam um provável desconhecimento dos professores acerca da forma como os exercícios aeróbios estão sendo praticados por alunos em academias de musculação. Ademais, o conhecimento dos professores sobre os potenciais riscos dessa prática precisa alcançar seus alunos, objetivando informá-los da possibilidade de eventos indesejáveis à saúde.The aims were to investigate the prevalence of professional prescribing and interpretation the practice of fasting aerobic exercise by muscle training practitioners, and to compare the knowledge of teachers and practitioners about the potential benefits and risks of this practice. In the comparison, Fischer exact test was used. 110 practitioners and 8 teachers participated in the study. There was no report of prescription, while the prevalence of the current practice of fasting aerobic exercise was 16.4%. The main aim reported for practice was weight loss. With regard to the benefits, teachers reported in greater proportion that fasting aerobic exercise may promote health improvement. The divergence between the prevalence of professional prescribing and the practice of fasting aerobic exercise signals a probable lack of knowledge of the teachers about the way aerobic exercises are practised by practitioners in fitness centers. In addition, the knowledge of teachers about the potential risks of this practice needs to reach the practitioners of resistance training with the aim of informing them about the possibility of undesirable health events.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Exercí­cio aeróbio em jejum: prescrição e opinião profissional e sua prática por alunos de academias de musculação

The aims were to investigate the prevalence of professional prescribing and interpretation the practice of fasting aerobic exercise by muscle training practitioners, and to compare the knowledge of teachers and practitioners about the potential benefits and risks of this practice. In the comparison, Fischer exact test was used. 110 practitioners and 8 teachers participated in the study. There was no report of prescription, while the prevalence of the current practice of fasting aerobic exercise was 16.4%. The main aim reported for practice was weight loss. With regard to the benefits, teachers reported in greater proportion that fasting aerobic exercise may promote health improvement. The divergence between the prevalence of professional prescribing and the practice of fasting aerobic exercise signals a probable lack of knowledge of the teachers about the way aerobic exercises are practised by practitioners in fitness centers. In addition, the knowledge of teachers about the potential risks of this practice needs to reach the practitioners of resistance training with the aim of informing them about the possibility of undesirable health events.Os objetivos do estudo foram investigar as prevalências da prescriçãoe interpretação profissional e da prática de exercí­cio aeróbio em jejum por alunos praticantes de musculação, bem como, comparar o conhecimento de professores e alunos sobre os potenciais benefí­cios e riscos desta. Na comparação empregou-se o teste exato de Fischer. Participaram do estudo 110 alunos e 8 professores. Não houve relato de prescrição, enquanto a prática atual de exercí­cio aeróbio em jejum foi de 16,4%. O principal objetivo relatado para a prática foi o emagrecimento. Nos benefí­cios, os professores relataram em maior proporção que o aeróbio em jejum pode promover melhoria da saúde, mas também reconheceram que a prática pode trazer malefí­cios í  saúde. A divergência entre prevalência de prescrição profissional e prática do exercí­cio aeróbio em jejum sinalizam um provável desconhecimento dos professores acerca da forma como os exercí­cios aeróbios estão sendo praticados por alunos em academias de musculação. Ademais, o conhecimento dos professores sobre os potenciais riscos dessa prática precisa alcançar seus alunos, objetivando informá-los da possibilidade de eventos indesejáveis í  saúde

Use of electronic devices in leisure time modifies the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from excessive television viewing among Brazilian adults

Abstract The growing interest in the study of sedentary behavior is justified by its increasing presence in people's daily lives, particularly in leisure time. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from TV time and from its combination with the time spent using other electronic devices among Brazilian adults (n = 52,443). This cross-sectional study used data from the Vigitel survey (2019), which included subjects ≥ 18 years old who resided in the capitals of the 26 Brazilian states and Federal District. High TV time (≥ 4 h/day), and its combination with computer, tablet, or cell phone use (≥ 4 h/day), as well as sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics were self-reported. Adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The prevalence of high sedentary behavior almost tripled when TV viewing was added to the time spent using other electronic devices (from 12.2%; 95%CI: 11.6; 12.8, to 34.7%; 95%CI: 33.8; 35.6), notably among the youngest (32.0 percentage points). Individuals living without a partner, who smoked, consumed alcohol and processed foods excessively, were physically inactive, and had hypertension were more likely to have both outcomes than their counterparts. Older and less educated individuals were more likely to spend excessive time watching TV and less likely to have high use of other electronic devices in addition to TV viewing than their peers. Including computer, tablet, or cell phone led to an increase in the prevalence of high sedentary behavior. The magnitude and direction of the associations of age and education with high sedentary behavior varied according to the method how high sedentary behavior was defined. Projects, programs, and policies must consider the different indicators of sedentary behavior in monitoring and promoting a healthier lifestyle