Atti a titolo gratuito e fallimento

Il presente lavoro di tesi ha ad oggetto l'analisi dell'art.64 l.fall. attraverso una preliminare trattazione dell'istituto della revocatoria fallimentare e di come essa incide sui singoli atti a titolo gratuito. L'indagine si conclude soffermandosi sui profili processuali e sulle ultime novità legislative in materia valutando il loro impatto sull'istituto in esame

Gradi di civilizzazione e condizioni di libert\ue0. L\u2019evoluzione del pensiero di Juan Gin\ue9s de Sep\ufalveda verso un\u2019idea di umanit\ue0 dell\u2019indio. Niveles de civilizacio\u301n y condiciones de libertad. La evolucio\u301n del pensamiento de Juan Gine\u301s de Sepulveda hacia un concepto de humanidad del indio.

La rivalutazione di una personalit\ue0 come quella di Juan Gin\ue9s de Sep\ufalveda rientra in una serie di orientamenti storiografici che evidenziano una rinnovata attenzione verso le polemiche cinquecentesche circa la legittimit\ue0 del dominio coloniale spagnolo. L\u2019incontro con una realt\ue0 completamente nuova pose sfide diplomatiche, etiche e politiche su cui i lavori sepulvedani offrono un punto di vista rilevante. Ci\uf2 ha orientato la scelta del confronto tra due resoconti biografici, nel capitolo iniziale: i due punti di vista sulle medesime vicende possono fornire un\u2019idea delle variazioni, in base ai momenti storici, dell\u2019interesse verso il pensiero del cronista andaluso. Viene inoltre analizzata la corrispondenza di alcuni aspetti riguardanti la natura degli indigeni americani e le loro abitudini presenti in cronache di viaggio scritte da autori diversi e in tempi diversi, attraverso i quali sembra possibile ipotizzare il processo di formazione del concetto sepulvedano di indio. Alla luce di queste considerazioni, nel secondo capitolo vengono analizzate le influenze dottrinali sul concetto di dominio in Sep\ufalveda, allo scopo di sondare la connessione che risulta esserci tra l\u2019idea di \uabcrimini contro natura\ubb (come sintomo di scarsit\ue0 di raziocinio) e il livello di umanizzazione di un popolo. L\u2019argomentazione intende delineare una panoramica dell\u2019applicazione delle teorie socio-politiche di Aristotele alla realt\ue0 americana, attraverso un esame della relazione tra qualit\ue0 morali e opportunit\ue0 di libert\ue0. Sep\ufalveda assume senza riserve l\u2019etica aristotelica, ma a partire da essa sviluppa una peculiare visione del concetto di virt\uf9 quale capacit\ue0 consapevole di discernimento come caratteristica esclusiva dell\u2019essere umano. L\u2019analisi inserita nell\u2019ultimo capitolo intende mostrare come, con il passare degli anni \u2014 e in particolare dopo il 1550-51, anno di svolgimento dei lavori della junta di Valladolid \u2014, sembra emergere in Sep\ufalveda una consapevolezza sempre maggiore non soltanto della multiformit\ue0 delle comunit\ue0 amerindie, ma anche degli aspetti discutibili delle modalit\ue0 di attuazione della colonizzazione, o dei loro effetti negativi sulle popolazioni locali. L\u2019indagine di un possibile percorso evolutivo interno al pensiero di Sepu\u301lveda \ue8 sviluppata a partire dall\u2019argomentazione dei vantaggi dell\u2019interventismo, basata sul meccanismo di compensazione tra le inevitabili atrocita\u300 belliche e la necessaria \uabeducazione all\u2019umanita\u300\ubb degli indios. L\u2019analisi degli scritti sul tema e dei principali studi critici, con il fondamentale riferimento dell\u2019Epistolario, ha permesso di rilevare trasformazioni nella concezione sepulvedana dell\u2019indole degli amerindi e di ipotizzarne le relative cause, nel tentativo di delineare una visione della sua meditazione differente da quella gia\u300 nota

Un diagnóstico de Menéndez Pidal en defensa de la conquista : el monodeísmo de los dos las casas.

This essay aims to analyze the Ramón Menéndez Pidal’s vision of Bartolomé de Las Casas, examinating –in addition to several articles of the author– some parts of a detailed work of Menéndez Pidal, entitled El Padre Las Casas. Su doble personalidad. In this book Menéndez Pidal rewrote the Bartolomé de Las Casas biografy, analyzing every aspect of his life and of his writings, in order to demonstrate that the «Defender of the Indians» actually suffered from personality disorders, and his paranoia distorted his perception of reality.Este ensayo tiene como objetivo analizar el pensamiento de Ramón Menéndez Pidal en torno a Bartolomé de Las Casas, examinando –junto a varios artículos del autor– algunos párrafos de un estudio detallado de Menéndez Pidal, titulado El Padre Las Casas. Su doble personalidad. En este libro Menéndez Pidal reescribió la biografía de Bartolomé de Las Casas, analizando todos los aspectos de su vida y de sus escritos, a fin de demostrar que el «Defensor de los Indios» en realidad sufría de trastornos de la personalidad y su paranoia deformaba su percepción de la realidad

YAP and TAZ Mediators at the Crossroad between Metabolic and Cellular Reprogramming

Cell reprogramming can either refer to a direct conversion of a specialized cell into another or to a reversal of a somatic cell into an induced pluripotent stem cell. It implies a peculiar modification of the epigenetic asset and gene regulatory networks needed for a new cell, to better fit the new phenotype of the incoming cell type. Cellular reprogramming also implies a metabolic rearrangement, similar to that observed upon tumorigenesis, with a transition from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. The induction of a reprogramming process requires a nexus of signaling pathways, mixing a range of local and systemic information, and accumulating evidence points to the crucial role exerted by the Hippo pathway components Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ). In this review, we will first provide a synopsis of the Hippo pathway and its function during reprogramming and tissue regeneration, then we introduce the latest knowledge on the interplay between YAP/TAZ and metabolism and, finally, we discuss the possible role of YAP/TAZ in the orchestration of the metabolic switch upon cellular reprogramming

Paresthesia of the lip caused by a large osteoma of the mandible treated with a conservative approach: a case report.”

This study focused on a case of paresthesia of the right lip caused by an extensive osteoma of the mandible

GERIATRIC NEPHROLOGY: AN OVERVIEW

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition and its prevalence is increasing worldwide, particularly in adults aged ≥ 70 years. Epidemiological studies showed that as many as 20–54% of the older adults suffer from CKD in stages 3-5. Nevertheless the question whether this lower eGFR is a consequence of kidney disease or if it is the result of a physiological aging is still debated, even if it implies a reduced renal reserve and vulnerability to drugs overdose with increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Materials and methods: PubMed search was conducted for available English literature, describing the actual knowledge about specific and frequent issues reported in the acute and chronic kidney disease in older adults. Prospective and retrospective studies, as well as meta-analyses and latest systematic reviews were included. Results:Most of the studies examined and reviewed were discarded for wrong population or intervention or deemed unfit. Only 103 met the inclusion criteria for the review. The studies included in the review were grouped into two areas: chronic and acute kidney disease in older adults and we have analysed the peculiar and frequently found issues in this population. Conclusions: The geriatric population is increasing worldwide.We should consider peculiar aspects of this population, such as sarcopenia, malnutrition, psychological and cognitive deficits and increased risk of AKI, in order to reach a good quality of life, with improved doctor / patient relationship, a greater adherence to therapy, a reduction in health care costs, and if possible, adequate "end of life", as far as it is approved by the patient and his family. The achievement of these objectives requires an organized work in multidisciplinary teams that evaluate overall the geriatric patient

Elastic properties of graphene suspended on a polymer substrate by e-beam exposure

A method for fabricating multiple free-standing structures on the same sheet of graphene is demonstrated. Mechanically exfoliated mono- and bilayer graphene sheets were sandwiched between two layers of polymethyl-methacrylate. Suspended areas were defined by e-beam exposure allowing precise control over their shape and position. Mechanical characterization of suspended graphene sheets was performed by nanoindentation with an atomic force microscopy tip. The obtained built-in tensions of 12 nN are significantly lower than those in suspended graphene exfoliated on an SiO2 substrate, and therefore permit access to the intrinsic properties of this material system

RET mutation and increased angiogenesis in medullary thyroid carcinomas

Advanced medullary thyroid cancers (MTCs) are now being treated with drugs that inhibit receptor tyrosine kinases, many of which involved in angiogenesis. Response rates vary widely, and toxic effects are common, so treatment should be reserved for MTCs likely to be responsive to these drugs. RET mutations are common in MTCs, but it is unclear how they influence the microvascularization of these tumors. We examined 45 MTCs with germ-line or somatic RET mutations (RETmut group) and 34 with wild-type RET (RETwt). Taqman Low-Density Arrays were used to assess proangiogenic gene expression. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess intratumoral, peritumoral and nontumoral expression levels of VEGFR1, R2, R3, PDGFRa, PDGFB and NOTCH3. We also assessed microvessel density (MVD) and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) based on CD31-positive and podoplanin-positive vessel counts, respectively, and vascular pericyte density based on staining for a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), a pericyte marker. Compared with RETwt tumors, RETmut tumors exhibited upregulated expression of proangiogenic genes (mRNA and protein), especially VEGFR1, PDGFB and NOTCH3. MVDs and LVDs were similar in the two groups. However, microvessels in RETmut tumors were more likely to be a-SMA positive, indicating enhanced coverage by pericytes, which play key roles in vessel sprouting, maturation and stabilization. These data suggest that angiogenesis in RETmut MTCs may be more intense and complete than that found in RETwt tumors, a feature that might increase their susceptibility to antiangiogenic therapy. Given their increased vascular pericyte density, RETmut MTCs might also benefit from combined or preliminary treatment with PDGF inhibitors

Amiloidosi e Glomerulonefrite Extracapillare: un raro caso clinico di overlap

L'amiloidosi è una malattia caratterizzata dalla deposizione in sede extracellulare di materiale di natura proteica detto amiloide. Questa malattia sistemica può essere sia primitiva AL che secondaria AA. Il coinvolgimento renale è un'evenienza frequente e, occasionalmente, si assiste a un'insufficienza renale rapidamente progressiva sostenuta dalla sovrapposizione di una glomerulonefrite extracapillare. I rari casi riportati in letteratura sono correlati a un'amiloi-dosi secondaria all'artrite reumatoide. Si riporta il caso clinico di una donna di 46 anni tabagista, affetta da ipotiroidismo su base autoimmune, giunta alla nostra osservazione per la comparsa di sindrome nefrosica, ipertensione arteriosa, anemizzazione e insufficienza renale acuta. L'esame bioptico renale evidenziava un quadro compatibile con la presenza contemporanea di amiloidosi primitiva AL e glomerulonefrite extracapillare. Nonostante l'avvio tempestivo della terapia farmacologica, la paziente è deceduta dopo circa sei mesi

Fate of mesoangioblasts in a vaginal birth injury model: influence of the route of administration

Currently cell therapy is considered as an experimental strategy to assist the healing process following simulated vaginal birth injury in rats, boosting the functional and morphologic recovery of pelvic floor muscles and nerves. However, the optimal administration route and dose still need to be determined. Mesangioblasts theoretically have the advantage that they can differentiate in skeletal and smooth muscle. We investigated the fate of mesoangioblasts transduced with luciferase and green fluorescent protein reporter genes (rMABseGFP/fLUC) using bioluminescence, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR in rats undergoing simulated birth injury. rMABseGFP/fLUC were injected locally, intravenously and intra-arterially (common iliacs and aorta). Intra-arterial delivery resulted in the highest amount of rMABseGFP/fLUC in the pelvic organs region and in a more homogeneous distribution over all relevant pelvic organs. Sham controls showed that the presence of the injury is important for recruitment of intra-arterially injected rMABseGFP/fLUC. Injection through the aorta or bilaterally in the common iliac arteries resulted in comparable numbers of rMABseGFP/fLUC in the pelvic organs, yet aortic injection was faster and gave less complications