The Radon transform and its dual for limits of symmetric spaces

The Radon transform and its dual are central objects in geometric analysis on Riemannian symmetric spaces of the noncompact type. In this article we study algebraic versions of those transforms on inductive limits of symmetric spaces. In particular, we show that normalized versions exists on some spaces of regular functions on the limit. We give a formula for the normalized transform using integral kernels and relate them to limits of double fibration transforms on spheres

Twistor Theory and Differential Equations

This is an elementary and self--contained review of twistor theory as a geometric tool for solving non-linear differential equations. Solutions to soliton equations like KdV, Tzitzeica, integrable chiral model, BPS monopole or Sine-Gordon arise from holomorphic vector bundles over T\CP^1. A different framework is provided for the dispersionless analogues of soliton equations, like dispersionless KP or $SU(\infty)$ Toda system in 2+1 dimensions. Their solutions correspond to deformations of (parts of) T\CP^1, and ultimately to Einstein--Weyl curved geometries generalising the flat Minkowski space. A number of exercises is included and the necessary facts about vector bundles over the Riemann sphere are summarised in the Appendix.Comment: 23 Pages, 9 Figure

Self-dual gravity

Self-dual gravity is a diffeomorphism invariant theory in four dimensions that describes two propagating polarisations of the graviton and has a negative mass dimension coupling constant. Nevertheless, this theory is not only renormalisable but quantum finite, as we explain. We also collect various facts about self-dual gravity that are scattered across the literature

A splitting theorem for Kahler manifolds whose Ricci tensors have constant eigenvalues

It is proved that a compact Kahler manifold whose Ricci tensor has two distinct, constant, non-negative eigenvalues is locally the product of two Kahler-Einstein manifolds. A stronger result is established for the case of Kahler surfaces. Irreducible Kahler manifolds with two distinct, constant eigenvalues of the Ricci tensor are shown to exist in various situations: there are homogeneous examples of any complex dimension n > 1, if one eigenvalue is negative and the other positive or zero, and of any complex dimension n > 2, if the both eigenvalues are negative; there are non-homogeneous examples of complex dimension 2, if one of the eigenvalues is zero. The problem of existence of Kahler metrics whose Ricci tensor has two distinct, constant eigenvalues is related to the celebrated (still open) Goldberg conjecture. Consequently, the irreducible homogeneous examples with negative eigenvalues give rise to complete, Einstein, strictly almost Kahler metrics of any even real dimension greater than 4.Comment: 18 pages; final version; accepted for publication in International Journal of Mathematic

Supersymmetric Extensions of Calogero--Moser--Sutherland like Models: Construction and Some Solutions

We introduce a new class of models for interacting particles. Our construction is based on Jacobians for the radial coordinates on certain superspaces. The resulting models contain two parameters determining the strengths of the interactions. This extends and generalizes the models of the Calogero--Moser--Sutherland type for interacting particles in ordinary spaces. The latter ones are included in our models as special cases. Using results which we obtained previously for spherical functions in superspaces, we obtain various properties and some explicit forms for the solutions. We present physical interpretations. Our models involve two kinds of interacting particles. One of the models can be viewed as describing interacting electrons in a lower and upper band of a one--dimensional semiconductor. Another model is quasi--two--dimensional. Two kinds of particles are confined to two different spatial directions, the interaction contains dipole--dipole or tensor forces.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure

Effect of short-range electron correlations in dynamic transport in a Luttinger liquid

The density operator in the Luttinger model consists of two components, one of which describes long-wave fluctuations and the other is related to the rapid oscillations of the charge-density-wave (CDW) type, caused by short-range electron correlations. It is commonly believed that the conductance is determined by the long-wave component. The CDW component is considered only when an impurity is present. We investigate the contribution of this component to the dynamic density response of a Luttinger liquid free from impurities. We show that the conventional form of the CDW density operator does not conserve the number of particles in the system. We propose the corrected CDW density operator devoid of this shortcoming and calculate the dissipative conductance in the case when the one-dimensional conductor is locally disturbed by a conducting probe. The contribution of the CDW component to conductance is found to dominate over that of the long-wave component in the low-frequency regime.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; updated to the published versio

Quantum Algorithm for Dynamic Programming Approach for DAGs. Applications for Zhegalkin Polynomial Evaluation and Some Problems on DAGs

In this paper, we present a quantum algorithm for dynamic programming approach for problems on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The running time of the algorithm is $O(\sqrt{\hat{n}m}\log \hat{n})$, and the running time of the best known deterministic algorithm is $O(n+m)$, where $n$ is the number of vertices, $\hat{n}$ is the number of vertices with at least one outgoing edge; $m$ is the number of edges. We show that we can solve problems that use OR, AND, NAND, MAX and MIN functions as the main transition steps. The approach is useful for a couple of problems. One of them is computing a Boolean formula that is represented by Zhegalkin polynomial, a Boolean circuit with shared input and non-constant depth evaluating. Another two are the single source longest paths search for weighted DAGs and the diameter search problem for unweighted DAGs.Comment: UCNC2019 Conference pape

Twistor theory of hyper-K{\"a}hler metrics with hidden symmetries

We briefly review the hierarchy for the hyper-K\"ahler equations and define a notion of symmetry for solutions of this hierarchy. A four-dimensional hyper-K\"ahler metric admits a hidden symmetry if it embeds into a hierarchy with a symmetry. It is shown that a hyper-K\"ahler metric admits a hidden symmetry if it admits a certain Killing spinor. We show that if the hidden symmetry is tri-holomorphic, then this is equivalent to requiring symmetry along a higher time and the hidden symmetry determines a `twistor group' action as introduced by Bielawski \cite{B00}. This leads to a construction for the solution to the hierarchy in terms of linear equations and variants of the generalised Legendre transform for the hyper-K\"ahler metric itself given by Ivanov & Rocek \cite{IR96}. We show that the ALE spaces are examples of hyper-K\"ahler metrics admitting three tri-holomorphic Killing spinors. These metrics are in this sense analogous to the 'finite gap' solutions in soliton theory. Finally we extend the concept of a hierarchy from that of \cite{DM00} for the four-dimensional hyper-K\"ahler equations to a generalisation of the conformal anti-self-duality equations and briefly discuss hidden symmetries for these equations.Comment: Final version. To appear in the August 2003 special issue of JMP on `Integrability, Topological Solitons, and Beyond

Uniqueness of reconstruction and an inversion procedure for thermoacoustic and photoacoustic tomography

The paper contains a simple approach to reconstruction in Thermoacoustic and Photoacoustic Tomography. The technique works for any geometry of point detectors placement and for variable sound speed satisfying a non-trapping condition. A uniqueness of reconstruction result is also obtained

Integral representations for the eigenfunctions of quantum open and periodic Toda chains from QISM formalism

The integral representations for the eigenfunctions of $N$ particle quantum open and periodic Toda chains are constructed in the framework of Quantum Inverse Scattering Method (QISM). Both periodic and open $N$-particle solutions have essentially the same structure being written as a generalized Fourier transform over the eigenfunctions of the $N-1$ particle open Toda chain with the kernels satisfying to the Baxter equations of the second and first order respectively. In the latter case this leads to recurrent relations which result to representation of the Mellin-Barnes type for solutions of an open chain. As byproduct, we obtain the Gindikin-Karpelevich formula for the Harish-Chandra function in the case of GL(N,\RR) group.Comment: Latex+amssymb.sty, 14 page