Rompiendo barreras y logrando la plena accesibilidad en la biblioteca de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia

La Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, junto con el Servicio Integrado de Empleo (SIE) de dicha universidad obtuvieron en 2009 el certificado de accesibilidad universal conforme a la norma UNE 170001-2:2007 "Accesibilidad universal, parte 2: sistema de gestión de accesibilidad" La UPV es la primera universidad española en obtener dicha certificación, que es el fruto de varios años de trabajo realizado bajo la coordinación del Vicerrectorado de Asuntos Sociales y Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y que ha implicado a diversos Vicerrectorados y Servicios. En esta comunicación se presentan los pasos recorridos por la Biblioteca para obtener dicha certificación, desde los inicios en 2005 con el diagnóstico de la accesibilidad integral de la Universidad hasta la implantación de un sistema integrado de gestión de la accesibilidad. Se describen las actuaciones realizadas para hacer accesible el edificio, las ayudas técnicas adquiridas, la formación del personal bibliotecario y el sistema de gestión de las incidencias de accesibilidad.Merli Gimeno, MJ.; Muñoz Gonzalo, AM.; Palop Jorge, L.; Salvador Cerdá, Y. (2010). Rompiendo barreras y logrando la plena accesibilidad en la biblioteca de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/834

Development of environmentally friendly composite matrices from epoxidized cottonseed oil

The continuous rise in oil prices has led to the use of other ways to obtain polymer materials. This paper proposes a methodology to obtain a thermosetting resin from cottonseed oil by epoxidation process. The cottonseed oil contains as most representative fatty acids: 52.5% of linoleic acid (C18: 2), 23.9% of palmitic acid (C16: 0) and 17.6% of oleic acid (C18: 1); the real iodine index, which is indicative of the number of double bonds, has a value of 107. Epoxidized cottonseed oil (ECSO) has been successfully obtained using conventional epoxidation process with hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and sulfuric acid, maintaining a constant temperature of 70 °C with homogeneous magnetic stirring. Average oxirane oxygen content (OOC) of 5.32% can be obtained by conventional epoxidation process which represents a yield over 83%. The epoxidized oil has been crosslinked with mixtures of two cyclic anhydrides to tailor different properties on final crosslinked thermosetting resins: on the one hand, methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) which is characterized by a rigid molecular structure and on the other hand, dodecenylsuccinic anhydride (DDSA) with a long side chain that can confer flexibility. The crosslinking process has been followed by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ionic mobility and oscillatory rheometry (OR) as well as gel time determination. The effect of the hardener mixture (wt.% DDSA:MNA) on mechanical performance of cured materials has been followed by flexural and impact tests as well as the evolution of the storage modulus (G′) by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in torsion mode. By selecting the appropriate hardener mixture, it is possible to obtain crosslinked materials with different properties ranging from stiff matrices for ECSO crosslinked with MNA to flexible matrices for ECSO cured with DDSA. This has occurred with other thermosetting resins like epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) or epoxidized linseed oil (ELO). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Authors thank Conselleria d'Educacio, Cultura i Esport (Generalitat Valenciana) Ref: GV/2014/008 for financial support.Carbonell Verdú, A.; Bernardi, L.; García García, D.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Balart Gimeno, RA. (2015). Development of environmentally friendly composite matrices from epoxidized cottonseed oil. European Polymer Journal. 63:1-10. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.11.043S1106

Development of a biocomposite based on green polyethylene biopolymer and eggshell

In this investigation a fully biobased composite material has been obtained using a biobased polyethylene obtained from sugar cane as matrix and eggshell (ES) as filler. ES was studied in order to replace mineral carbonate calcium as polymer filler, which is commonly used. In order to do this the ES has been chemically modified and then its potential for the development of a biocomposite was evaluated. The filler adhesion to the polymer matrix has been improved using titanate particle treatment which has been chosen between silane and zirconate. The use of titanate as coupling agent enlarges the range of operating temperatures and also improves the interfacial bonding as it is displayed in impact fracture surface. Mechanical, thermal and rheological analysis were carried out in order to analyze the effect of the modified ES loading percentage. Thermal analysis showed a proportional effect of the filler load over the degradation temperature and an inversely effect over the enthalpy. Effect of the modified ES content on mechanical properties of PE/ES was also studied. The results showed that the modified CaCO3 can effectively improve the mechanical properties of bio PE, improving stiffness, hardness, flexural and tensile modulus. The amount of filler increases the viscosity, this fact specially hinders the processing processes which work with low shear rates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This study has been funded by the "Conselleria d'Educacio, Cultura i Esport" - Generalitat Valenciana (Reference number: GV/2014/008). The authors wish to thank to "Confiteria El Tunel" and to "Dulces Hispania" to collaborate in providing the eggshell.Boronat Vitoria, T.; Fombuena Borrás, V.; García Sanoguera, D.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Balart Gimeno, RA. (2015). Development of a biocomposite based on green polyethylene biopolymer and eggshell. Materials and Design. 68:177-185. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.12.027S1771856

Properties of composite laminates based on basalt fibers with epoxidized vegetable oils

This paper deals with the development of polymeric materials derived from epoxidized vegetable oils which have been used in the manufacture of laminated composite materials with basalt fabrics. Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) were used as biobased matrices. The basalt fabrics were modified with amino-silane and glycidyl-silane to increase fiber-matrix interactions. The curing behaviour of both resins was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and oscillatory rheometry (OR). The evaluation of mechanical properties was made by tensile, flexural and Charpy tests. The extent of the fiber-matrix interactions among interface was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results revealed that surface modification of basalt fibers with glycidyl-silane clearly improves the mechanical properties of the composites. The use of the ELO resin as matrix for composite laminates improved substantially the mechanical performance compared to composites made with ESBO. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This study was funded by the "Conselleria d'Educacio, Cultura i Esport" - Generalitat Valenciana (reference number: GV/2014/008).Samper Madrigal, MD.; Petrucci, R.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Balart Gimeno, RA.; Kenny, JM. (2015). Properties of composite laminates based on basalt fibers with epoxidized vegetable oils. Materials and Design. 72:9-15. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.02.002S9157

New environmentally friendly composite laminates with epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and slate fiber fabrics

This work focuses on the development of new composite laminates based on the use of epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) as matrix and reinforcement fabrics from slate fibers with different silane treatments. The curing behavior of the ELO resin is followed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the gelation is studied by oscillatory rheometry and gel-time. Composite laminates of ELO matrix and slate fabrics are manufactured by Rein Transfer Molding (RTM) and the mechanical properties of the composite laminates are tested in tensile, flexural and impact conditions. The effects of different silane coupling agents on fiber-matrix interface phenomena are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As in other siliceous fibers, silane treatment leads to improved mechanical performance but glycidyl silane treatment produces the optimum results as the interactions between silanized slate fiber and epoxidized linseed oil are remarkably improved as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This study has been funded by the "Conselleria d'Educacio, Cultura i Esport" - Generalitat Valenciana (reference number: GV/2014/008). Authors thank Microscopy Services at UPV for helping in using SEM technique.Samper Madrigal, MD.; Petrucci, R.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Balart Gimeno, RA.; Kenny, JM. (2015). New environmentally friendly composite laminates with epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and slate fiber fabrics. Composites Part B: Engineering. 71:203-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.11.0342032097

Reconstrucción de defectos faríngeos

Reconstruction of pharyngeal defects continues to present a clinical challenge for the head and neck surgeon. We have different reconstructive options to preserve speech, airway, and swallowing functions. Reconstructive surgery implies a balance between oncologic cure, patient morbidity, and quality of life. Classical reconstructive techniques include pedicled cervical cutaneous or myocutaneous flaps and distal myocutaneous flaps such as from the pectoralis major. Current microvascular techniqu

High renewable content sandwich structures based on flax-basalt hybrids and biobased epoxy polymers

In the last years, a growing interest in the development of high environmental efficiency materials has been detected and this situation is more accentuated in the field of polymers and polymer composites. In this work, green composite sandwich structures with high renewable content have been developed with core cork materials. The base resin for composites was a biobased epoxy resin derived from epoxidized vegetable oils. Hybrid basalt-flax fabrics have been used as reinforcements for composites and the influence of the stacking sequence has been evaluated in order to optimize the appropriate laminate structure for the sandwich bases. Core cork materials with different thickness have been used to evaluate performance of sandwich structures thus leading to high renewable content composite sandwich structures. Results show that position of basalt fabrics plays a key role in flexural fracture of sandwich structures due to differences in stiffness between flax and basalt fibersColomina, S.; Boronat Vitoria, T.; Fenollar Gimeno, OÁ.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Balart Gimeno, RA. (2014). High renewable content sandwich structures based on flax-basalt hybrids and biobased epoxy polymers. AIP Conference Proceedings. 1593:467-470. doi:10.1063/1.4873823S467470159

Revisión de los criterios audiométricos en el tratamiento de la hipoacusia neurosensorial mediante audífonos y prótesis auditivas implantables

Sensorineural hearing loss has a high incidence in our population; as a matter of fact, 50 % of people above 75 years of age suffer this impairment. Due to the advances in the devices to alleviate this condition and their verified efficacy, it is now appropriate to review the indications for these devices and provide a detailed description of the audioprosthetic systems used. These systems can be classified as external non-implantable devices (hearing aids) and implantable prostheses. The latter can be sub-divided into active implants in the external ear or middle ear, cochlear implants, and auditory brainstem implants (ABI). Indications for each group are determined by the type and location of the underlying condition as well as by the anatomic, functional, and social characteristics of each patient. It must be stressed that the selection and monitoring of the treatment is up to the specialist. Generally speaking, an attempt is made to facilitate the integration of the hypoacusic patients to their sound setting by enhancing their understanding of the spoken word and restoring binaurality, while at the same time, seeking to retain the plasticity of central auditory routes through the stimulation provided by any of these systems. In the course of this review, we refer to newly-emerging indications in both the field of cochlear implants (bimodal stimulation, implantation in patients with residual hearing, bilateral implants, etc) and in the area of ABI in patients with tumoural disease previously treated with radiosurgery or patients with non-tumour pathologies presenting malformations or bilateral cochlear ossification

Nuevos materiales biobasados con matriz de ácido poliláctico y refuerzo de cáscara de avellana

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es la obtención de Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) biobasados con matriz de ácido poliláctico (PLA) y refuerzo de cáscara de avellana. Se han realizado cuatro formulaciones con distintos porcentajes en peso tanto de ácido poliláctico como de cáscara de avellana. Los diferentes compuestos han sido caracterizados mecánicamente mediante un test de impacto y otro de dureza. Las fracturas obtenidas han sido observadas mediante microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM). El análisis de los resultados indica una falta de interacción entre la matriz de PLA y la partícula de cáscara de avellana.Esta investigación fue apoyada por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad - MINECO, Ref: MAT2014-59242-C2-1-R. Los autores también agradecen a la "Conselleria d'Educació, Cultura i Esport" - Generalitat Valenciana, Ref: GV/2014/008 el apoyo financiero.Balart Gimeno, JF.; García Sanoguera, D.; Carbonell Verdú, A.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; Boronat Vitoria, T. (2015). Nuevos materiales biobasados con matriz de ácido poliláctico y refuerzo de cáscara de avellana. Compobell, S.L. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73472

Usefulness of viscoelastic models in learningpolymer materials engineering

[EN] The present article makes a brief description about the simplest mathematical models of viscoelasticity:Maxwell Model and Kelvin-Voigt Model. However, these basic models have a number of limitations becauseit has considerable di erences from reality. Thus, the Burgers model is studied due to is an appropriatemodel to study the viscoelasticity in polymers. By solving a practical case, the usefulness for studentsof mathematical models related with process such as creep or relaxation and their understanding andprediction of the mechanical behaviour has been revealed[ES] El presente artículo realiza una breve descripción sobre los modelos matemáticos de viscoelasticidad más simples: Modelo de Maxwell y Modelo de Kelvin-Voigt. No obstante, estos modelos básicos poseen una serie de limitaciones ya que se desvían de forma considerable de la realidad. Así pues, un modelo más apropiado en el estudio de la viscoelasticidad en polímeros es el modelo de Burgers. Mediante la resolución de un caso práctico se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de los modelos matemáticos en la comprensión y predicción por parte del alumnado del comportamiento mecánico de un polímero en un proceso como la fluencia y/o relajación donde interviene la variable tiempo.Fombuena Borrás, V.; Boronat Vitoria, T.; Sánchez Nacher, L.; García Sanoguera, D.; Balart Gimeno, RA. (2017). Utilidad de los modelos de viscoelasticidad en el aprendizaje de la ingeniería de materiales poliméricos. Modelling in Science Education and Learning. 10(1):137-148. doi:10.4995/msel.2017.6315SWORD137148101Bryan H. (1999). Engineering Composite Materials. Cambridge: IOM Communications.Georgiopoulos, P., Kontou, E., & Christopoulos, A. (2015). Short-term creep behavior of a biodegradable polymer reinforced with wood-fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 80, 134-144. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.05.046Ferry D. (1980).Viscoelastic properties of polymers. Wiley, New York.Costanzi M., Cebon, D. (2011).Generalized Phenomenological Model for the Viscoelasticity of Bitumen. Acta Materialia 141(5).Shan, L., Tan, Y., Zhang, H., & Xu, Y. (2016). Analysis of Linear Viscoelastic Response Function Model for Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 28(6), 04016010. doi:10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001497Potter M.C., Wiggert D.C. (1991).Mechanics of fluids. Prentice-Hall Inc.Roylance D. (2001).Engineering Viscoelasticity. Elsevier Scienc