43,681 research outputs found
Can computational logic provide a paradigm for both the specification and implementation of concurrent systems?
Baum and Stiles: The Silent Partners: Institutional Investors and Corporate Control; Austin: Proxy Contests and Corporate Reform; Rubner: The Ensnared Shareholder: Directors and the Modern Corporation
Baum and Stiles: The Silent Partners: Institutional Investors and Corporate Control; Austin: Proxy Contests and Corporate Reform; Rubner: The Ensnared Shareholder: Directors and the Modern Corporation
Byggbranschen stĂ„r inför flera utmaningar eftersom vĂ„r medvetenhet om omgivningen ökar och ett mer hĂ„llbart förhĂ„llningssĂ€tt önskas. Ett byggprojekt Ă€r traditionellt begrĂ€nsat av tid, kostnad och kvalitet men det har blivit ett mĂ„ste att fokusera pĂ„ miljöaspekter ocksĂ„. Att fokusera pĂ„ miljöaspekter Ă€r en av de stora utmaningar som projekterings- och projektledare stĂ„r inför i dag. Detta Ă€r en utmaning eftersom hĂ„llbart byggande kan uppnĂ„s pĂ„ mĂ„nga olika sĂ€tt och projektledare har inte djup kunskap inom omrĂ„det. Ny kunskap behövs om till exempel miljöklassificeringar och lĂ„ngsiktiga fördelar med hĂ„llbart byggande. För att stödja design -och projektledare i sitt dagliga arbete anvĂ€nder mĂ„nga företag verksamhetssystem som ett verktyg för att lagra och dela kunskap. Systemet ska sĂ€kerstĂ€lla att alla arbetar pĂ„ rĂ€tt sĂ€tt och levererar lĂ€mplig kvalitet, men systemet bör ocksĂ„ stödja de anstĂ€llda i deras arbete. Konsulter behöver kunna ge rĂ„d, stöd och kontrollera de miljömĂ€ssiga aspekterna av projekten. För att göra detta behöver de omfattande miljöledningsstöd frĂ„n sitt verksamhetssystem. Denna studie Ă€r kvalitativ dĂ€r intervjuer har genomförts och en enkĂ€t skickats ut till WSPâs projektledningsavdelningen i Stockholm. Författaren har gĂ„tt in i verksamhetssystemet och observerat och kartlagt innehĂ„llet för att kunna föreslĂ„ förbĂ€ttringar. Syftet med denna forskning Ă€r att undersöka hur ett verksamhetssystem kan stödja projekt -och projekteringsledare inom hĂ„llbarhetsfrĂ„gor. Genom att göra detta förbĂ€ttras kunskapshanteringen. Resultaten tyder pĂ„ att ett verksamhetssystem och miljöstyrningen bör integreras i ett system. Systemet mĂ„ste vara snabbt och innehĂ„lla en effektiv sökfunktion för att förbĂ€ttra tillgĂ€ngligheten. Det mĂ„ste finnas lĂ€mpliga verktyg som checklistor, mallar och riktlinjer för att utföra miljöuppgifter. Dessutom behöver de anstĂ€llda tillrĂ€ckliga kunskaper om hĂ„llbarhet för att kunna anvĂ€nda verktygen och lyckas bedriva hĂ„llbar projektledning. Det bör ocksĂ„ finnas ett Ă„terkopplingsverktyg för de anstĂ€llda som uppmuntrar dem att komma in med förslag och synpunkter som bidrar till kunskapsdelning i företaget
FURY: Fuzzy unification and resolution based on edit distance
We present a theoretically founded framework for fuzzy
unification and resolution based on edit distance over trees.
Our framework extends classical unification and resolution
conservatively. We prove important properties of the framework
and develop the FURY system, which implements the
framework efficiently using dynamic programming. We
evaluate the framework and system on a large problem in
the bioinformatics domain, that of detecting typographical
errors in an enzyme name databas
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Economic modelling using constraint logic programming
This paper investigates the use of constraint logic programming (CLP) in economic modelling
through the design and implementation of two economic models. The first model, the Desai-
Henry model contains only linear equations while the second model, constructed by the author,
contains non-linear elements. In order to implement the second model, a non-linear constraint
solver was constructed. This was necessary because, although CLP is a very powerful
programming paradigm, currently available implementations lack any on-linear constraint
solving mechanisms
Timetabling in constraint logic programming
In this paper we describe the timetabling problem and its solvability in a Constraint Logic
Programming Language. A solution to the problem has been developed and implemented in
ECLiPSe, since it deals with finite domains, it has well-defined interfaces between basic
building blocks and supports good debugging facilities. The implemented timetable was
based on the existing, currently used, timetables at the School of Informatics at out
university. It integrates constraints concerning room and period availability
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Interaction of agents and environments
A new abstract model of interaction between agents and environments considered as objects of different types is introduced. Agents are represented by means of labelled transition systems considered up to bisimilarity. The equivalence of agents is characterised in terms of an algebra of behaviours which is a continuous algebra with approximation and two operations: nondeterministic choice and prefixing. Environments are introduced as agents supplied with an insertion function which takes the behaviour of an agent and the behaviour of an environment as arguments and returns the new behaviour of an environment. Arbitrary continuous functions can be used as insertion functions, and we use functions defined by means of rewriting logic as computable ones. The transformation of environment behaviours defined by the insertion function also defines a new type of agent equivalence--- insertion equivalence. Two behaviours are insertion equivalent if they define the same transformation of an environment. The properties of this equivalence are studied. Three main types of insertion functions are used to develop interesting applications: one-step insertion, head insertion, and look-ahead insertion functions
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A Monte Carlo model checker for probabilistic LTL with numerical constraints
We define the syntax and semantics of a new temporal logic called probabilistic LTL with numerical constraints (PLTLc).
We introduce an efficient model checker for PLTLc properties. The efficiency of the model checker is through approximation
using Monte Carlo sampling of finite paths through the modelâs state space (simulation outputs) and parallel model checking
of the paths. Our model checking method can be applied to any model producing quantitative output â continuous or
stochastic, including those with complex dynamics and those with an infinite state space. Furthermore, our offline approach
allows the analysis of observed (real-life) behaviour traces. We find in this paper that PLTLc properties with constraints
over free variables can replace full model checking experiments, resulting in a significant gain in efficiency. This overcomes
one disadvantage of model checking experiments which is that the complexity depends on system granularity and number of
variables, and quickly becomes infeasible. We focus on models of biochemical networks, and specifically in this paper on
intracellular signalling pathways; however our method can be applied to a wide range of biological as well as technical
systems and their models. Our work contributes to the emerging field of synthetic biology by proposing a rigourous approach
for the structured formal engineering of biological systems
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A general theory of action languages
We present a general theory of action-based languages as a paradigm, for the description, of those computational
systems which include elements of concurrency and networking, and extend this approach
to describe dist.ributed systems and also t,o describe the interaction of a system, with an environment.
As part of this approach we introduce the Action Language as a common model for the class of nondeterministic
concurrent programming languages and define its intensional and interaction semantics
in terrors of continuous transformation of environment behavior. This semantics i.s specialized for
programs with stores, and extended to describe distributed computations
Space shuttle handling qualities
The initial Orbiter handling qualities requirements, their effect on the vehicle design, and how it all turned out through the first six orbital missions are reviewed. Specific areas consisting of hand controller considerations and the wheelie problem are discussed. The requirements for the pitch axis subsonic flight control system are reviewed. Results of recent simulator evaluations to compare the existing system at landing with several other configurations are presented
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