126 research outputs found
Small coupling limit and multiple solutions to the Dirichlet Problem for Yang Mills connections in 4 dimensions - Part I
In this paper (Part I) and its sequels (Part II and Part III), we analyze the
structure of the space of solutions to the epsilon-Dirichlet problem for the
Yang-Mills equations on the 4-dimensional disk, for small values of the
coupling constant epsilon. These are in one-to-one correspondence with
solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the Yang Mills equations, for small
boundary data. We prove the existence of multiple solutions, and, in
particular, non minimal ones, and establish a Morse Theory for this non-compact
variational problem. In part I, we describe the problem, state the main
theorems and do the first part of the proof. This consists in transforming the
problem into a finite dimensional problem, by seeking solutions that are
approximated by the connected sum of a minimal solution with an instanton, plus
a correction term due to the boundary. An auxiliary equation is introduced that
allows us to solve the problem orthogonally to the tangent space to the space
of approximate solutions. In Part II, the finite dimensional problem is solved
via the Ljusternik-Schirelman theory, and the existence proofs are completed.
In Part III, we prove that the space of gauge equivalence classes of Sobolev
connections with prescribed boundary value is a smooth manifold, as well as
some technical lemmas used in Part I. The methods employed still work when the
4-dimensional disk is replaced by a more general compact manifold with
boundary, and SU(2) is replaced by any compact Lie group
Parabolic oblique derivative problem in generalized Morrey spaces
We study the regularity of the solutions of the oblique derivative problem
for linear uniformly parabolic equations with VMO coefficients. We show that if
the right-hand side of the parabolic equation belongs to certain generalized
Morrey space than the strong solution belongs to the corresponding generalized
Sobolev-Morrey space
Эффективность капецитабина по сравнению с 5-фторурацилом при раке толстой кишки и желудка: обновленный метаанализ выживаемости в шести клинических исследованиях
Оральный фторпиримидин — капецитабин — широко изучен в сравнительных исследованиях с вводимым внутривенно 5-фторурацилом как монотерапевтическое средство или в комплексном приме- нении при метастатическом колоректальном раке (МКРР) и метастатическом раке желудка (МРЖ). По рекомендации Европейских органов здравоохранения выполнен метаанализ эффективности применения капецитабина по сравнению с 5-фторурацилом при МКРР и МРЖ
Efficacy and Safety of Pirfenidone in Advanced Versus Non-Advanced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Post-Hoc Analysis of Six Clinical Studies
Safety of nintedanib added to pirfenidone treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
We assessed safety and tolerability of treatment with pirfenidone (1602-2403 mg day-1) and nintedanib (200-300 mg day-1) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This 24-week, single-arm, open-label, phase IV study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02598193) enrolled patients with IPF with forced vital capacity % pred ≫50% and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide % pred ≫30%. Before initiating nintedanib, patients had received pirfenidone for ≫16 weeks and tolerated a stable dose of ≫1602 mg day-1 for ≫28 days. The primary end-point was the proportion of patients who completed 24 weeks of combination treatment on pirfenidone (1602- 2403 mg day-1) and nintedanib (200-300 mg day-1). Investigators recorded treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), attributing them to pirfenidone, nintedanib, both or neither. 89 patients were enrolled; 73 completed 24 weeks of treatment (69 meeting the primary end-point) and 16 discontinued treatment prematurely (13 due to TEAEs). 74 patients had 418 treatment-related TEAEs, of which diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting were the most common. Two patients had serious treatmentrelated TEAEs. Combined pirfenidone and nintedanib use for 24 weeks was tolerated by the majority of patients with IPF and associated with a similar pattern of TEAEs expected for either treatment alone. These results encourage further study of combination treatment with pirfenidone and nintedanib in patients with IPF
Randomised social-skills training and parental training plus standard treatment versus standard treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - The SOSTRA trial protocol
Abstract Background Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are hyperactive and impulsive, cannot maintain attention, and have difficulties with social interactions. Medical treatment may alleviate symptoms of ADHD, but seldom solves difficulties with social interactions. Social-skills training may benefit ADHD children in their social interactions. We want to examine the effects of social-skills training on difficulties related to the children's ADHD symptoms and social interactions. Methods/Design The design is randomised two-armed, parallel group, assessor-blinded trial. Children aged 8-12 years with a diagnosis of ADHD are randomised to social-skills training and parental training plus standard treatment versus standard treatment alone. A sample size calculation estimated that at least 52 children must be included to show a 4-point difference in the primary outcome on the Conners 3rd Edition subscale for 'hyperactivity-impulsivity' between the intervention group and the control group. The outcomes will be assessed 3 and 6 months after randomisation. The primary outcome measure is ADHD symptoms. The secondary outcome is social skills. Tertiary outcomes include the relationship between social skills and symptoms of ADHD, the ability to form attachment, and parents' ADHD symptoms. Discussion We hope that the results from this trial will show that the social-skills training together with medication may have a greater general effect on ADHD symptoms and social and emotional competencies than medication alone. Trial registration ClinicalTrials (NCT): NCT00937469</p
Another beauty of analytical chemistry: chemical analysis of inorganic pigments of art and archaeological objects
[EN] This lecture text shows what fascinating tasks analytical chemists face in Art Conservation and Archaeology, and it is hoped that students reading it will realize that passions for science, arts or history are by no means mutually exclusive. This study describes the main analytical techniques used since the eighteenth century, and in particular, the instrumental techniques developed throughout the last century for analyzing pigments and inorganic materials, in general, which are found in cultural artefacts, such as artworks and archaeological remains. The lecture starts with a historical review on the use of analytical methods for the analysis of pigments from archaeological and art objects. Three different periods can be distinguished in the history of the application of the Analytical Chemistry in Archaeometrical and Art Conservation studies: (a) the "Formation'' period (eighteenth century1930), (b) the "Maturing'' period (1930-1970), and (c) the "Expansion'' period (1970-nowadays). A classification of analytical methods specifically established in the fields of Archaeometry and Conservation Science is also provided. After this, some sections are devoted to the description of a number of analytical techniques, which are most commonly used in routine analysis of pigments from cultural heritage. Each instrumental section gives the fundamentals of the instrumental technique, together with relevant analytical data and examples of applications.Financial support is gratefully acknowledged from Spanish ‘‘I+D+I MINECO’’ projects CTQ2011-28079-CO3-01 and CTQ2014-53736-C3-1-P supported by ERDEF funds.Domenech Carbo, MT.; Osete Cortina, L. (2016). Another beauty of analytical chemistry: chemical analysis of inorganic pigments of art and archaeological objects. ChemTexts. 2:1-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40828-016-0033-5S1502Wilks H (ed) (1987) Science for conservators: a conservation science teaching series. The Conservation Unit Museums and Galleries Commission, LondonSan Andrés Moya M, Viña Ferrer S (2004) Fundamentos de química y física para la conservación y restauración. Síntesis, MadridDoménech-Carbó MT (2013) Principios físico-químicos de los materiales integrantes de los bienes culturales, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaMills JS, White R (1987) The organic chemistry of museum objects. Butterworths, London, pp 141–159Matteini M, Moles A (1991) La Quimica nel Restauro. I materiali dell’arte pittorica. Nardini, FirenzeGomez MA (1998) La Restauración. Examen científico aplicado a la conservación de obras de arte. Cátedra, MadridTaft WS Jr, Mayer JW (2000) The science of paintings. Springer, New YorkAllen RO (ed) (1989) Archaeological chemistry IV; Advances in chemistry. American Chemical Society, Washington, DCAitken MJ (1990) Science-based dating in archaeology. Longman Archaeology Series, New YorkCiliberto E, Spoto G (eds) (2000) Modern analytical methods in art and archaeology. Wiley, New YorkMatteini M, Moles A (1986) Sciencia e Restauro. Metodi di Indagine, 2nd edn. Nardini, FirenzeOdegaard N, Carroll S, Zimmt W (2000) Material characterization tests for objects of art and archaeology. Archetype Publications, LondonDerrick MR, Stulik DC, Landry MJ (1999) Infrared spectroscopy in conservation science. Getty Conservation Institute, Los AngelesDoménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Costa V (2009) Electrochemical methods in archaeometry, conservation and restoration. In: Scholz F (ed) Series: Monographs in electrochemistry. Springer, BerlinEdwards HGM, Chalmers JM (eds) (2005) Raman spectroscopy in archaeology and art history. The Royal Society of Chemistry, CambridgeLahanier C (1991) Scientific methods applied to the study of art objects. Mikrochim Acta II:245–254Bitossi G, Giorgi R, Salvadori BM, Dei L (2005) Spectroscopic techniques in cultural heritage conservation: a survey. Appl Spectrosc Rev 40:187–228Odlyha M (2000) Special feature: preservation of cultural heritage. The application of thermal analysis and other advanced analytical techniques to cultural objects. Thermochim Acta 365Feature Special (2003) Archaeometry. Meas Sci Technol 14:1487–1630Aitken MJ (1961) Physics and archaeology. Interscience, New YorkOlin JS (ed) (1982) Future directions in archaeometry. A round table. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DCTownsend JH (2006) What is conservation science? Macromol Symp 238:1–10Nadolny J (2003) The first century of published scientific analyses of the materials of historical painting and polychromy, circa 1780–1880. Rev Conserv 4:39–51Montero Ruiz I, Garcia Heras M, López-Romero E (2007) Arqueometría: cambios y tendencias actuales. Trabajos de Prehistoria 64:23–40Fernandes Vieira G, Sias Coelho LJ (2011) Arqueometría: Mirada histórica de una ciencia en desarrollo. Revista CPC 13:107–133Rees-Jones SG (1990) Early experiments in pigment analysis. Stud Conserv 35:93–101Allen RO (1989) The role of the chemists in archaeological studies. In: Allen RO (ed) Archaeological chemistry IV. Advances in chemistry. American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp 1–17Plesters J (1956) Cross-sections and chemical analysis of paint samples. Stud Conserv 2:110–157 and references thereinGilberg M (1987) Friedrich Rathgen: the father of modern archaeological conservation. J Am Inst Conserv 26:105–120Olin JS, Salmon ME, Olin CH (1969) Investigations of historical objects utilizing spectroscopy and other optical methods. Appl Optics 8:29–39Feller RL (1954) Dammar and mastic infrared analysis. Science 120:1069–1070Hall ET (1963) Methods of analysis (physical and microchemical) applied to paintings and antiquities. In: Thomson G (ed) Recent advances in conservation. Butterworths, London, pp 29–32Feigl F, Anger V (1972) Spot tests in inorganic analysis, 6th English edition, translated by Oesper RE. Elsevier, AmsterdamLocke DC, Riley OH (1970) Chemical analysis of paint samples using the Weisz ring oven technique. Stud Conserv 15:94–101Mairinger F, Schreiner M (1986) Analysis of supports, grounds and pigments. In: van Schoute R, Verougstracte-Marcq H (eds) PACT 13, Xth Anniversary Meeting of PACT Group. Louvain-la Neuve, pp 171–183 (and references therein)Vandenabeele P, Edwards HGM (2005) Overview: Raman spectrometry of artefacts. In: Edwards HGM, Chalmers JM (eds) Raman spectroscopy in archaeology and art history. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 169–178Tykot RH (2004) Scientific methods and applications to archaeological provenance studies. In: Proceedings of the International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”. IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp 407–432Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Valle-Algarra FM, Domine ME, Osete-Cortina L (2013) On the dehydroindigo contribution to Maya Blue. J Mat Sci 48:7171–7183Lovric M, Scholz F (1997) A model for the propagation of a redox reaction through microcrystals. J Solid State Electrochem 1:108–113Fitzgerald AG, Storey BE, Fabian D (1993) Quantitative microbeam analysis. Scottish Universities Sumer School in Physics and Institute of Physics Publishing, BristolDoménech-Carbó A (2015) Dating: an analytical task. ChemTexts 1:5Mairinger F, Schreiner M (1982) New methods of chemical analysis-a tool for the conservator. Science and Technology in the service of conservation, IIC, London, pp 5–13Malissa H, Benedetti-Pichler AA (1958) Anorganische qualitative Mikroanalyse. Springer, New YorkTertian R, Claisse F (1982) Principles of quantitative X-ray fluorescence analysis. Heyden, LondonMantler M, Schreiner M (2000) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry in art and archaeology. X-Ray Spectrom 29:3–17Scholz F (2015) Voltammetric techniques of analysis: the essentials. ChemTexts 1:17Inzelt G (2014) Crossing the bridge between thermodynamics and electrochemistry. From the potential of the cell reaction to the electrode potential. ChemTexts 1:2Milchev A (2016) Nucleation phenomena in electrochemical systems: thermodynamic concepts. ChemTexts 2:2Milchev A (2016) Nucleation phenomena in electrochemical systems: kinetic models. ChemTexts 2:4Seeber R, Zanardi C, Inzelt G (2015) Links between electrochemical thermodynamics and kinetics. ChemTexts 1:18Feist M (2015) Thermal analysis: basics, applications, and benefit. ChemTexts 1:8Stoiber RE, Morse SA (1994) Crystal identification with the polarizing microscope. Springer, BerlinGoldstein JI, Newbury DE, Echlin P, Joy DC, Lyman CE, Echlin P, Lifshin E, Sawyer L, Michael JR (2003) Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Plenum Press, New YorkDoménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Más-Barberá X (2007) Identification of lead pigments in nanosamples from ancient paintings and polychromed sculptures using voltammetry of nanoparticles/atomic force microscopy. Talanta 71:1569–1579Reedy TJ, Reedy ChL (1988) Statistical analysis in art conservation research. The Getty Conservation Institute, Los AngelesEastaugh N, Walsh V, Chaplin T, Siddall R (2004) Pigment compendium, optical microscopy of historical pigments. Elsevier, OxfordFeller RL, Bayard M (1986) Terminology and procedures used in the systematic examination of pigment particles with polarizing microscope. In: Feller RL (ed) Artists’ pigment. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 1. National Gallery of Art, Washington, pp 285–298Feller RL (ed) (1986) Artists’ pigment. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 1. National Gallery of Art, WashingtonRoy A (ed) (1993) Artists’ pigments. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 2. National Gallery of Art, WashingtonFitzHugh EW (ed) (1997) Artists’ pigments. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 3. National Gallery of Art, WashingtonBerrie BH (ed) (2007) Artists’ pigment. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 4. National Gallery of Art, WashingtonHaynes WN (ed) (2015) CRC handbook for physics and chemistry, 96th edn. Taylor and Francis Group, UKFiedler I, Bayard MA (1986) Cadmium yellows, oranges and reds. In: Feller RL (ed) Artists’ pigment. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 1. National Gallery of Art, Washington, pp 65–108Domenech-Carbó MT, de Agredos Vazquez, Pascual ML, Osete-Cortina L, Domenech A, Guasch-Ferré N, Manzanilla LR, Vidal C (2012) Characterization of Pre-hispanic cosmetics found in a burial of the ancient city of Teotihuacan (Mexico). J Archaeol Sci 39:1043–1062Mühlethaler B, Thissen J (1993) Smalt. In: Roy A (ed) Artists’ pigments. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 2. National Gallery of Art, Washington, pp 113–130Musumarra G, Fichera M (1998) Chemometrics and cultural heritage. Chemometr Intell Lab Syst 44:363–372Hochleitner B, Schreiner M, Drakopoulos M, Snigireva I, Snigirev A (2005) Analysis of paint layers by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron induced X-ray micro-diffraction. In: Van Grieken R, Janssens K (eds) Cultural heritage conservation and environment impact assessment by non-destructive testing and micro-analysis. AA Balkema Publishers, London, pp 171–182Švarcová S, Kočí E, Bezdička P, Hradil D, Hradilová J (2010) Evaluation of laboratory powder X-ray micro-diffraction for applications in the fields of cultural heritage and forensic science. Anal Bioanal Chem 398:1061–1076Van de Voorde L, Vekemans B, Verhaeven E, Tack P, DeWolf R, Garrevoet J, Vandenabeele P, Vincze L (2015) Analytical characterization of a new mobile X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction instrument combined with a pigment identification case study. Spectrochim Acta B 110:14–19Hochleitner B, Desnica V, Mantler M, Schreiner M (2003) Historical pigments: a collection analyzed with X-ray diffraction analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis in order to create a database. Spectrochim Acta B 58:641–649Middleton PS, Ospitali F, Di Lonardo F (2005) Case study: painters and decorators: Raman spectroscopic studies of five Romano-British villas and the Domus Coiedii at Suasa, Italy. In: Edwards HGM, Chalmers JM (eds) Raman spectroscopy in archaeology and art history. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 97–120Helwig K (1993) Iron oxide pigments: natural and synthetic. In: Roy A (ed) Artists’ pigments. A handbook of their history and characteristics, vol 2. National Gallery of Art, Washington, pp 39–95Silva CE, Silva LP, Edwards HGM, de Oliveira LFC (2006) Diffuse reflection FTIR spectral database of dyes and pigments. Anal Bioanal Chem 386:2183–2191Hummel DO (ed) (1985) Atlas of polymer and plastic analysis, vol 1, Polymers, structures and spectra. Hanser VCH, Münichhttp://www.irug.org (consulted: 1 Feb 2016)http://www.ehu.es/udps/database/database.html (consulted: 1 Feb 2016)Burgio L, Clark RJH (2001) Library of FT-Raman spectra of pigments, minerals, pigment media and varnishes, and supplement to existing library of Raman spectra of pigments with visible excitation. Spectrochim Acta A 57:1491–1521http://www.chem.ucl.ac.uk/resources/raman/speclib.html (consulted: 1 Feb 2016)Madariaga JM, Bersani D (2012) Special feature: Raman spectroscopy in art and archaeology. J Raman Spectrosc 43(11):1523–1844http://minerals.gps.caltech.edu/ (consulted: 1 Feb 2016)http://www.rruff.info (consulted: 1 Feb 2016)Frost RL, Martens WN, Rintoul L, Mahmutagic E, Kloprogge JT (2002) J Raman Spectrosc 33:252–259Smith D (2005) Overwiew: jewellery and precious stones. In: Edwards HGM, Chalmers JM (eds) Raman spectroscopy in archaeology and art history. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 335–378Weiner S, Bar-Yosef O (1990) States of preservation of bones from prehistoric sites in the Near East: a survey. J Archaeol Sci 17:187–196Chu V, Regev L, Weiner S, Boaretto E (2008) Differentiating between anthropogenic calcite in plaster, ash and natural calcite using infrared spectroscopy: implications in archaeology. J Archaeol Sci 35:905–911Beniash E, Aizenberg J, Addadi L, Weiner S (1997) Amorphous calcium carbonate transforms into calcite during sea-urchin larval spicule growth. Proc R Soc Lond Ser B 264:461–465Regev L, Poduska KM, Addadi L, Weiner S, Boaretto E (2010) Distinguishing between calcites formed by different mechanisms using infrared spectrometry: archaeological applications. J Archaeol Sci 37:3022–3029Farmer C (ed) (1974) The infrared spectra of mineral, Monograph 4. Mineralogical Society, LondonMadejová J, Kečkéš J, Pálková H, Komadel P (2002) Identification of components in smectite/kaolinite mixtures. Clay Miner 37:377–388Šucha V, Środoń J, Clauer N, Elsass F, Eberl DD, Kraus I, Madejová J (2001) Weathering of smectite and illite–smectite under temperate climatic conditions. Clay Miner 36:403–419Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, López-López F, Valle-Algarra FM, Osete-Cortina L, Arcos-Von Haartman E (2013) Electrochemical characterization of egyptian blue pigment in wall paintings using the voltammetry of microparticles methodology. Electroanalysis 25:2621–2630Doménech-Carbó MT, Edwards HGM, Doménech-Carbó A, del Hoyo-Meléndez JM, de la Cruz-Cañizares J (2012) An authentication case study: Antonio Palomino vs. Vicente Guillo paintings in the vaulted ceiling of the Sant Joan del Mercat church (Valencia, Spain). J Raman Spectrosc 43:1250–1259Lovric M, Scholz F (1999) A model for the coupled transport of ions and electrons in redox conductive microcrystals. J Solid State Electrochem 3:172–175Oldham KB (1998) Voltammetry at a three phase junction. J Solid State Electrochem 2:367–377Doménech A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Bosch-Reig F, Saurí-Peris MC, Sánchez-Ramos S (2001) Electrochemical identification of iron oxide pigments (earths) from pictorial microsamples attached to graphite/polyester composite electrodes. Analyst 126:1764–1772Doménech A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Moya-Moreno MCM, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Bosch-Reig F (2000) Identification of inorganic pigments from paintings and polychromed sculptures immobilized into polymer film electrodes by stripping differential pulse voltammetry. Anal Chim Acta 407:275–289Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Valle-Algarra FM, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Osete-Cortina L, Bosch-Reig F (2016) On-line database of voltammetric data of immobilized particles for identifying pigments and minerals in archaeometry, conservation and restoration (ELCHER database). Anal Chim Acta 927:1–12http://www.elcher.info (consulted: 1 July 2016)Scholz F, Doménech-Carbó A (2010) Special feature: electrochemistry for conservation science. J Solid State Electrochem 14Domenech-Carbó A, Domenech-Carbó MT, Edwards HGM (2007) Identification of earth pigment by hierarchical cluster applied to solid state voltammetry. Application to a severely damaged frescoes. Electroanalysis 19:1890–1900Domenech-Carbó A, Domenech-Carbó MT, Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual ML (2006) Dehydroindigo: a new piece into the Maya Blue puzzle from the voltammetry of microparticles approach. J Phys Chem B 110:6027–6039Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual ML (2007) Chemometric study of Maya Blue from the voltammetry of microparticles approach. Anal Chem 79:2812–2821Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual ML (2011) From Maya Blue to ‘Maya Yellow’: a connection between ancient nanostructured materials from the voltammetry of microparticles. Angew Chem Int Edit 50:5741–5744Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Vidal-Lorenzo C, Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual ML (2012) Insights into the Maya Blue Technology: greenish pellets from the ancient city of La Blanca. Angew Chem Int Ed 51:700–703Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Osete-Cortina L, Montoya N (2012) Application of solid-state electrochemistry techniques to polyfunctional organic-inorganic hybrid materials: the Maya Blue problem. Micropor Mesopor Mater 166:123–130Doménech-Carbó MT, Osete-Cortina L, Doménech-Carbó A, Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual ML, Vidal-Lorenzo C (2014) Identification of indigoid compounds present in archaeological Maya blue by pyrolysis-silylation-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Anal Appl Pyrol 105:355–36
- …