A giant ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum in a Niger delta region of Nigeria

Hidradenoma papilliferum is a known example of adnexal skin tumours with apocrine differentiation. It is a rare benign tumour which tends to arise from areas with rich concentration of aporine glands such as anogenital region, vulval, perineal, axillae, and periumbilical areas. In this report, the tumour was found in the upper outer quadrant of left breast, being one of the ectopic sites for this tumour. Contrary to most reports where male preponderance was popular for ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum, the patient in this report is a 71-year-old female. Considering the location of this tumour in this report, the likely histopathological differential diagnoses such as tubular apocrine adenoma, clear cell (apocrine) adenoma, lipoma, intraductal papilloma and papillary carcinoma of the breast should be considered for exclusion. This is the first reported case of a giant ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum of the breast in a Niger Delta region of Nigeria which also highlights the role of fine needle aspiration and cytology in the diagnosis of breast lesions

Cervical lymph node metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx: a collective international review

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) of the head and neck is a well-recognized pathologic entity that rarely occurs in the larynx. Although the 5-year locoregional control rates are high, distant metastasis has a tendency to appear more than 5 years post treatment. Because AdCC of the larynx is uncommon, it is difficult to standardize a treatment protocol. One of the controversial points is the decision whether or not to perform an elective neck dissection on these patients. Because there is contradictory information about this issue, we have critically reviewed the literature from 1912 to 2015 on all reported cases of AdCC of the larynx in order to clarify this issue. During the most recent period of our review (1991-2015) with a more exact diagnosis of the tumor histology, 142 cases were observed of AdCC of the larynx, of which 91 patients had data pertaining to lymph node status. Eleven of the 91 patients (12.1%) had nodal metastasis and, based on this low proportion of patients, routine elective neck dissection is therefore not recommended

Laserocarpum, a new genus of Apiaceae endemic to Greece

Laserpitium pseudomeum is an endemic umbellifer of Greece occurring in the mountains of Sterea Ellas and northern Peloponnese. Molecular data indicate that it is not related to its putative congeners, but instead constitutes an isolated lineage. The nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS tree places it as a weakly supported sister group to Portenschlagiella ramosissima, the sole species in its genus, whereas the tree inferred from three noncoding cpDNA loci does not confirm this relationship. Portenschlagiella ramosissima is sometimes placed in Athamanta, an affinity supported neither by molecular data nor by fruit morphology. Laserpitium pseudomeum notably differs from P. ramosissima in vegetative, flower, and fruit characteristics, and no obvious morphological synapomorphies indicate their close relationship. Therefore, we place L. pseudomeum in the newly described genus Laserocarpum and lectotypify the species with the specimen Orphanides 2019 (G00766460) at G-Boiss. © The Author(s) 2019

Define the Type of Tribological Wear of High Speed Steel Remelted with the Electric Arc with the Usage of the Confocal Microscope

The paper presents the possibility of the usage of the concfocal microscope for define the type of tribological wear present during the technical dry friction on the testing machine of the pin-on-disc T-01M. The pin was a remelted high-speed steel and the disc was made from sintered carbides. The surface layer of the high-speed steel was remelted with the electric arc with different parameters. The intensity of the electric arc current was changed, the scanning speed and the single, overlapping remeltings were used.On the basis of the 3D, 2D view of the surface friction of the pin (made from the remelted high-speed steel), disc (made from the sintered carbides) and the surface roughness profile run along the marked line, the presence of the abrasive wear can be defined with the description of the elementary wear processes due to the abrasive and/or adhesive wear

Petrosal approach in management of petrous apex meningiomas and other petroclival tumors

Objectives: One of the varieties of postero-lateral approaches to petrous apex is petrosal approach. It is a combination of subtemporal and retrosigmoid accesses with partial petrosectomy, which is limited by facial nerve canal and labyrinth. We present immediate and late results of procedures, discuss benefits and limitations of this approach. Most important and requiring special attention procedure moments we consider: transverse and sigmoid sinus exposing, superior petrosal sinus ligation and transection (with vein of Labbé preservation), tentorium transection, cranial nerve and blood vessels identification and preparation, entrance into cavernous sinus region, dura closure and reconstruction of pyramid. Preoperative embolisation of feeding arteries is very helpful. Patients and methods: Since 1999 to 2004 we performed eleven such procedures. There were eight petroclival meningiomas, one epidermal cyst, one chondromyxoma, and one haemangiopericytoma in our group. During operation continuous monitoring of AEP, SEP and 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th cranial nerves was performed. We present detailed analysis of neurological state in short and long postoperative period. Results: Total resection of the tumor was achieved in 8 cases and subtotal in 3 cases. There was no immediate postoperative mortality, one patient died on 10th day after operation due to pulmonary embolism. Conclusions: Petrosal approach enabled to successful removal of apex pyramid tumors with relatively low number of complications