Sarrazin

Debatte um die Thesen von Sarrazin.Debate about Sarrazin\u27s book

Neuronal Plasticity and the Cholinergic System Are Affected in Atopic Dermatitis and in Response to Acute Experimental Mental Stress in a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Rationale In mouse models for atopic dermatitis (AD) hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) dysfunction and neuropeptide-dependent neurogenic inflammation explain stress-aggravated flares to some extent. Lately, cholinergic signaling has emerged as a link between innate and adaptive immunity as well as stress responses in chronic inflammatory diseases. Here we aim to determine in humans the impact of acute stress on neuro-immune interaction as well as on the non-neuronal cholinergic system (NNCS). Methods Skin biopsies were obtained from 22 individuals (AD patients and matched healthy control subjects) before and after the Trier social stress test (TSST). To assess neuro-immune interaction, nerve fiber (NF)-density, NF-mast cell contacts and mast cell activation were determined by immunohistomorphometry. To evaluate NNCS effects, expression of secreted mammal Ly-6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related protein (SLURP) 1 and 2 (endogenous nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands) and their main corresponding receptors were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. Results With respect to neuro-immune interaction we found higher numbers of NGF+ dermal NF in lesional compared to non-lesional AD but lower numbers of Gap43+ growing NF at baseline. Mast cell-NF contacts correlated with SCORAD and itch in lesional skin. With respect to the NNCS, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 (α7nAChR) mRNA was significantly lower in lesional AD skin at baseline. After TSST, PGP 9.5+ NF numbers dropped in lesional AD as did their contacts with mast cells. NGF+ NF now correlated with SCORAD and mast cell-NF contacts with itch in non-lesional skin. At the same time, SLURP-2 levels increased in lesional AD skin. Conclusions In humans chronic inflammatory and highly acute psycho-emotional stress interact to modulate cutaneous neuro- immune communication and NNCS marker expression. These findings may have consequences for understanding and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in the future

Die Neue Türkei.Eine grundlegende Einführung in die Innen- und Außenpolitik unter Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien,

Dieser Sammelband bietet einen umfassenden Einblick in das Wesen der «Neuen Türkei». Die seit 2002 ununterbrochen regierende moderat-islam(ist)ische Partei für Gerechtigkeit und Entwicklung und ihr damaliger Anführer und heutiger Staatspräsident Erdoğan haben den innen- und außenpolitischen Wandel der Türkei vorangetrieben und selbstbewusst die «Neue Türkei» proklamiert. Allerdings weicht die anfängliche Euphorie der Ernüchterung. Der EU-Beitrittsprozess steckt fest, während Vorwürfe über autoritäre Tendenzen, Korruption, Einmischung in die Privatsphäre, Reislamisierung der Innen- und Außenpolitik lauter werden. Experten aus Deutschland und der Türkei liefern in diesem Sammelband kritische Einblicke in die Innen- und Außenpolitik des sich im Umbau befindlichen Landes und erläutern sowohl Errungenschaften als auch Probleme der türkischen Transformationsgesellschaft.</p

Argentinien

Petersen M, Tittor A. Argentinien. In: Gieler W, Porsche-Ludwig M, eds. Staatenlexikon Amerika. Geographie, Geschichte, Kultur, Politik und Wirtschaft. Berlin: Peter Lang; 2018: 552

Argentinien

Petersen M, Tittor A. Argentinien. In: Gieler W, Porsche-Ludwig M, Schwarz M, eds. Handbuch Außenpolitik Amerika. Eine grundlegende Einführung in die Außenpolitik der Staaten Nord-, Mittel- und Südamerikas. Münster: LIT; In Press: 21-34

Influences on Human Internal Exposure to Environmental Platinum.

Abstract not availableJRC.H-Institute for environment and sustainability (Ispra

Mental stress in atopic dermatitis--neuronal plasticity and the cholinergic system are affected in atopic dermatitis and in response to acute experimental mental stress in a randomized controlled pilot study.

RATIONALE: In mouse models for atopic dermatitis (AD) hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) dysfunction and neuropeptide-dependent neurogenic inflammation explain stress-aggravated flares to some extent. Lately, cholinergic signaling has emerged as a link between innate and adaptive immunity as well as stress responses in chronic inflammatory diseases. Here we aim to determine in humans the impact of acute stress on neuro-immune interaction as well as on the non-neuronal cholinergic system (NNCS). METHODS: Skin biopsies were obtained from 22 individuals (AD patients and matched healthy control subjects) before and after the Trier social stress test (TSST). To assess neuro-immune interaction, nerve fiber (NF)-density, NF-mast cell contacts and mast cell activation were determined by immunohistomorphometry. To evaluate NNCS effects, expression of secreted mammal Ly-6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related protein (SLURP) 1 and 2 (endogenous nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands) and their main corresponding receptors were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: With respect to neuro-immune interaction we found higher numbers of NGF+ dermal NF in lesional compared to non-lesional AD but lower numbers of Gap43+ growing NF at baseline. Mast cell-NF contacts correlated with SCORAD and itch in lesional skin. With respect to the NNCS, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 (α7nAChR) mRNA was significantly lower in lesional AD skin at baseline. After TSST, PGP 9.5+ NF numbers dropped in lesional AD as did their contacts with mast cells. NGF+ NF now correlated with SCORAD and mast cell-NF contacts with itch in non-lesional skin. At the same time, SLURP-2 levels increased in lesional AD skin. CONCLUSIONS: In humans chronic inflammatory and highly acute psycho-emotional stress interact to modulate cutaneous neuro-immune communication and NNCS marker expression. These findings may have consequences for understanding and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in the future