Serratia marcescens: The Miracle Bacillus

The objectives of this article are to explain the mysterious appearance of crimson-colored bacteria on food and communion bread/wafers, over the centuries, as well as to describe the biological basi

Pion double charge exchange on 4He

The doubly differential cross sections for the $^4$He$(\pi^+,\pi^-) 4p$ reaction were calculated using both a two-nucleon sequential single charge exchange model and an intranuclear cascade code. Final state interactions between the two final protons which were the initial neutrons were included in both methods. At incident pion energies of 240 and 270 MeV the low-energy peak observed experimentally in the energy spectrum of the final pions can be understood only if the contribution of pion production is included. The calculated cross sections are compared with data.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figure

Information-theoretic determination of ponderomotive forces

From the equilibrium condition $\delta S=0$ applied to an isolated thermodynamic system of electrically charged particles and the fundamental equation of thermodynamics ($dU = T dS-(\mathbf{f}\cdot d\mathbf{r})$) subject to a new procedure, it is obtained the Lorentz's force together with non-inertial terms of mechanical nature. Other well known ponderomotive forces, like the Stern-Gerlach's force and a force term related to the Einstein-de Haas's effect are also obtained. In addition, a new force term appears, possibly related to a change in weight when a system of charged particles is accelerated.Comment: 10 page

WHICH RETAIL FOOD SERVICES ARE CONSUMERS WILLING TO DO WITHOUT

Consumer/Household Economics,

Study Regarding the Effects of Brain Gym on Student Learning

Current research acknowledges and continues to investigate how the brain functions and communicates with itself and the body. The focus of this thesis project is the intersection of brain function and physical movement, and with that in mind, it explores the question, how does the Brain Gym program impact student attention, motivation, and achievement? The literature section looks at the current discussion of brain function and physical movement as well as the Brain Gym program and relevant results of educators and researchers regarding its use. The active research section of the project examines the possible benefits of physical movement on students in a third grade classroom over a four-week time frame. The researcher chose four students for this case study. Student surveys and interviews were used to gather assessment data in addition to field note documentation. Conclusions from the study include the acknowledgment that motivation is difficult to measure but the research notes some subtle indications of increased engagement as well as positive academic achievement by the case study group. The greatest measurable difference with the Brain Gym program through the study was noted in increased attention during instruction. Students reported they found it easier to focus, finish independent work, and “felt less fidgety.” The study conclusions, while understanding that motivation remains difficult to measure, affirms the positive outcomes of Brain Gym in an academic setting to increase attention and achievement

Effects of Pre-Workout Caffeine Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension

Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is believed to play a major role in the antihypertensive health benefits of exercise. While it has been shown that resistance exercise is effective at eliciting PEH, commonly consumed sports supplements may attenuate or completely eliminate that response. Caffeine, a popular stimulant, is often consumed prior to exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-workout caffeine supplementation on the post-exercise hypotensive response in adults with above normal blood pressure. Participants (n = 5) were recreationally resistance trained men and women who consumed placebo or caffeine (3 mg/kg bodyweight) 45-minutes prior to exercise. The resistance exercise session consisted of four sets of 10 reps for bench press, cable row, leg press, and shoulder press at 70-75% one repetition maximum. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured pre-exercise, during exercise, and 90 minutes post-exercise. Caffeine supplementation resulted in significantly greater SBP at 30, 50, 60, 70, and 80 minutes post-exercise compared to placebo condition. These findings indicate that pre-workout caffeine supplementation eliminates the post-exercise SBP hypotensive response that was observed in the placebo condition and should be avoided if the antihypertensive effects of resistance training are to be fully achieve

Organizational Restructuring and the Process of Image Making: An Arts-based Inquiry of the Image Making Experiences Provided for the Delegates of a Religious Congregation Involved in Restructuring

This phenomenological study examines the impact image-making experiences had on the leadership restructuring of a women’s religious congregation. Six Catholic women religious ranging in ages 65-85 participated in an arts-based workshop informed by art therapy theories to explore the meaning of making art during their Province Chapter meetings in which leadership restructuring was on the agenda. In addition, 42 of the 80 Province Chapter delegates responded to a survey about their experience. The data collected includes the survey, the workshop process, the images made by the six participants, their verbal sharing about their image, and their written reflections. Five common themes emerged from the study which speak to the impact the imagemaking process had on the organization’s leadership restructuring. Increased participation, enhanced communication, emergence of new ideas and insights, awareness of feelings, and embracing a sense of mystery or unknowing each affected the re-organizational process in a different way. The findings imply that art therapy theories and art therapists can benefit not only individuals in the clinical setting but also organizations and communities

A study of some methods of concentrating uranium and radium in carnotite ore

Carnotite ore is a source of radium and it is the recovery of this element which is chiefly sought in its treatment. The radium results from the radioactive disintegration of uranium which is one of the constituents of the yellow mineral carnotite. The ores are largely low grade. Higher grade pockets occur scattered in the deposits and because of their irregular occurrence are not easily located. The larger low grade deposits which are more easily accessible contain considerable quantities of calcium carbonate and oxide minerals. These cause a high consumption of the acid used in the chemical treatment of the ore. The complexity of the treatment, the high acid loss, the small quantity of uranium and vanadium, and the extremely minute quantity of radium are factors which militate against a cheap and successful extraction. With these factors in mind the general characteristics of the ore were studied --Introduction, page 1