A escola vai agradar Nhanderu? Reflexões sobre as estratégias étnicas dos Guarani Mbya e as políticas educacionais indígenasWill school please Nhanderù? reflections upon ethnical strategies among mbya Guarani and educational policies impact

O presente artigo trata das políticas públicas com os indígenas, dos subsídios legais, e formação de um espaço intercultural através da escola indígena. Frente a esses dados o texto reflete sobre as estratégias e etnicidade dos índios Guarani Mbya em relação as suas tradições e radicalismo cultural, etnicidade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação indígena, interculturalidade, Guarani Mbya, resistência cultural.  The present article examines the public policies towards Brazilian Indians, the legal subsidies and the developing intercultural arrangements in Brazilian Indian Schools. Based on these notions, this text is a reflection upon Mbya Guarani Indians strategies and ethnicity related to their traditions and cultural resistance.KEYWORDS: Indian education, interculturalism. Mbya Guarani, cultural resistance, ethnicity

Mídia alternativa: a revista Ocas”

A resenha refere-se a história e projeção da Revista Ocas" através da obra discutida, sendo ela comemorativa dos 10 anos de funcionamento desse street papers. Projeta-se uma situação particular da mídia alternativa comprometida com a inclusão social e cultural de pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade.

Espiritualidade e Cura nas Novas Religiões Japonesas

As Novas Religiões Japonesas (NRJs), ao se incluírem no cenário religioso brasileiro, introduziram uma visão de mundo e de compreensão do homem que assumem singularidades ao encarar a doença e seus meios de cura em relação à s suas concepções religiosas. Neste artigo os autores descrevem o olhar religioso das NRJs e as suas representações simbólicas relativas à  saúde e terapêuticas. Em particular são abordadas duas das religiões desse grupo as quais possuem, desde a década de 1970, uma crescente penetração entre não descendentes japoneses: a Igreja Messiânica Mundial (IMM) e a Seicho-No-Ie

Representações míticas guarani mbya: a palavra como fundamento da educação

The aim of this text is to discuss the mythical representations of the guarani mbya culture as the references of a traditional education. It refers to the mythical contexts as tools to ordain the Indians’ knowledge and learning in the traditional symbolic universe. The cyclical time, which characterizes the mythical culture, expresses events and rituals that hold the subjects together and committed to the social life in its several dimensions of understanding.El texto tiene como objetivo discutir las representaciones míticas de la cultura guarani mbya como puntos de referencia para una educación tradicional. Se refiere a los contextos míticos como instrumentos para ordenar el conocimiento indígena y el aprendizaje en el universo simbólico tradicional. El tiempo cíclico, característico de la cultura mítica, expresa eventos y rituales que mantienen los sujetos en cohesión y comprometidos con la vida social en sus diversas dimensiones de comprensión.O texto tem como objetivo discutir as representações míticas da cultura guarani mbya como referenciais de uma educação tradicional. Refere-se aos contextos míticos como instrumentos para ordenar o conhecimento e a aprendizagem dos indígenas no universo simbólico tradicional. O tempo cíclico, característico da cultura mítica, exprime acontecimentos e rituais que mantêm os sujeitos coesos e comprometidos com a vida social em suas várias dimensões de compreensão

Seguir as tradições: dilemas da educação escolar entre os Guarani Mbya

This article depicts the educational public politics towards the indians, particularly in the state of São Paulo. Before the emancipatory character and the organization of the scholastic social space it is created a battlefield for the survival of the indian traditions and the Guarani Mbya’s pedagogical knowledge. By describing the traditional education of these indians, based on a pedagogical theory of its own, this article reflects about the insertion of literacy and its representations in the native knowledge.El artigo retrata las políticas públicas educacionales con los indígenas, particularmente en el estado de São Paulo. Delante del carácter emancipatório e de ordenación del espacio social de la escolaridad cria-se un campo de batalla para la sobrevivencia de las tradiciones indígenas, e de los saberes pedagógicos de los Guarani Mbya. Al describir la educación tradicional de eses indígenas tenendo por base una pedagogia própria, el artículo refleja sobre la inserción del letramiento e sus representaciones en el conocimiento nativo.O artigo retrata as políticas públicas educacionais com os indígenas, particularmente no estado de São Paulo. Diante de um caráter emancipatório das leis e de ordenação do espaço social da escolaridade, cria-se um campo de batalha para a sobrevivência das tradições indígenas, e dos saberes pedagógicos dos Guarani Mbya. Ao descrever a educação tradicional desses indígenas, tendo por base uma pedagogia própria, o artigo reflete sobre a inserção do letramento e suas representações no conhecimento nativo

Vaccines in children with inflammatory bowel disease: Brief review

Incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is increasing worldwide. Children with IBDs have a dysfunctional immune system and they are frequently treated with immunomodulating drugs and biological therapy, which significantly impair immune system functions and lead to an increased risk of infections. Vaccines are essential to prevent at least part of these infections and this explains why strict compliance to the immunization guidelines specifically prepared for IBD patients is strongly recommended. However, several factors might lead to insufficient immunization. In this paper, present knowledge on the use of vaccines in children with IBDs is discussed. Literature review showed that despite a lack of detailed quantification of the risk of infections in children with IBDs, these children might have infections more frequently than age-matched healthy subjects, and at least in some cases, these infections might be even more severe. Fortunately, most of these infections could be prevented when recommended schedules of immunization are carefully followed. Vaccines given to children with IBDs generally have adequate immunogenicity and safety. Attention must be paid to live attenuated vaccines that can be administered only to children without or with mild immune system function impairment. Vaccination of their caregivers is also recommended. Unfortunately, compliance to these recommendations is generally low and multidisciplinary educational programs to improve vaccination coverage must be planned, in order to protect children with IBD from vaccine-preventable diseases

The pandemic within the pandemic: the surge of neuropsychological disorders in Italian children during the COVID-19 era

Background: Quarantine and isolation measures during COVID-19 pandemic may have caused additional stress and challenged the mental health of the youth. Aim of the study is to investigate the COVID-19 pandemic impact on neuropsychological disorders (NPD) of Italian children and adolescents to provide general pediatric recommendations. Material and methods: A retrospective multicenter observational study was planned by the Italian Pediatric Society (SIP) to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the access of children to pediatric Emergency Departments (pED) for the evaluation of neuropsychological symptoms, collecting the classification codes of diagnoses between March 1, 2019 and March 2, 2021. The period study was split into two sub-periods: a pre COVID-19 period (from March 1 2019 to March 1, 2020) and a COVID-19 period (from March 2, 2020 to March 2, 2021). As additional information, data on NPD hospitalizations in any pediatric department of the involved centers were recorded. Results: During the study period, a total of 533,318 children were admitted to the pED involved in the study. Despite a 48.2% decline of pED admissions, there was a significant increase (83.1%) in patient admissions for NPD. The most frequent NPD conditions which increased during the COVID-19 pandemic were suicidal ideation (+ 147%), depression (+ 115%), eating disorder (+ 78.4%), and psychosis (+ 17.2%). During the pandemic period, a 39.5% increase in NPD hospitalizations was observed as well. The NPD disorders that mostly required hospitalizations were suicidal ideation (+ 134%), depression (+ 41.4%), eating disorder (+ 31.4%), and drug abuse (+ 26.7%). COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on children's health, mainly on their NPD development. Neuropsychological assessment should be required at the primary level, in the pediatrician's office, to facilitate early capture of the sign of impairment and provide an adequate treatment. Conclusion: SIP underlines the psychological consequences of COVID 19 pandemic on the youngest and recommends an early identification of NPD in the pediatric population to avoid other serious consequences for children's physical and mental health

Nationwide survey on the management of pediatric pharyngitis in Italian emergency units

Background: Acute pharyngitis is a frequent reason for primary care or emergency unit visits in children. Most available data on pharyngitis management come from primary care studies that demonstrate an underuse of microbiological tests, a tendency to over-prescribe antibiotics and a risk of antimicrobial resistance increase. However, a comprehensive understanding of acute pharyngitis management in emergency units is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of rapid antigen test use to diagnose acute pharyngitis, as well as other diagnostic approaches, the therapeutic attitude, and follow-up of children with this condition in the emergency units. Methods: A multicentric national study was conducted in Italian emergency departments between April and June 2022. Results: A total of 107 out of 131 invited units (response rate 82%), participated in the survey. The results showed that half of the units use a scoring system to diagnose pharyngitis, with the McIsaac score being the most commonly used. Most emergency units (56%) were not provided with a rapid antigen diagnostic test by their hospital, but the test was more frequently available in units visiting more than 10,000 children yearly (57% vs 33%, respectively, p = 0.02). Almost half (47%) of the units prescribe antibiotics in children with pharyngitis despite the lack of microbiologically confirmed cases of Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus. Finally, about 25% of units prescribe amoxicillin-clavulanic acid to treat Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngitis. Conclusions: The study sheds light on the approach to pharyngitis in emergency units, providing valuable information to improve the appropriate management of acute pharyngitis in this setting. The routinary provision of rapid antigen tests in the hospitals could enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pharyngitis

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice. Results from the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe. Data from real-world registries are necessary, as clinical trials do not represent the full spectrum of VTE patients seen in clinical practice. We aimed to document the epidemiology, management and outcomes of VTE using data from a large, observational database. PREFER in VTE was an international, non-interventional disease registry conducted between January 2013 and July 2015 in primary and secondary care across seven European countries. Consecutive patients with acute VTE were documented and followed up over 12 months. PREFER in VTE included 3,455 patients with a mean age of 60.8 ± 17.0 years. Overall, 53.0 % were male. The majority of patients were assessed in the hospital setting as inpatients or outpatients (78.5 %). The diagnosis was deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in 59.5 % and pulmonary embolism (PE) in 40.5 %. The most common comorbidities were the various types of cardiovascular disease (excluding hypertension; 45.5 %), hypertension (42.3 %) and dyslipidaemia (21.1 %). Following the index VTE, a large proportion of patients received initial therapy with heparin (73.2 %), almost half received a vitamin K antagonist (48.7 %) and nearly a quarter received a DOAC (24.5 %). Almost a quarter of all presentations were for recurrent VTE, with >80 % of previous episodes having occurred more than 12 months prior to baseline. In conclusion, PREFER in VTE has provided contemporary insights into VTE patients and their real-world management, including their baseline characteristics, risk factors, disease history, symptoms and signs, initial therapy and outcomes

The influence of aluminium availability on phosphate uptake in Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus lunatus L.

Aluminium toxicity is one of the major limiting factors of crop productivity on acid soils. High levels of available aluminium in soil may induce phosphorus deficiency in plants. This study investigates the influence of Aluminium (Al) on the phosphate (P(i)) uptake of two Phaseolus species, Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney and Phaseolus lunatus L. The two bean species were treated first with solutions of Al at different concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100microM, pH 4.50) and second with solutions of P(i) (150microM) at pH 4.50. The higher the Al concentration the higher the Al concentration sorbed but P. vulgaris L var. Red Kidney adsorbed significantly more Al than P. lunatus L. Both species released organic acids: P. vulgaris L var. Red Kidney released fumaric acid and P. lunatus L. fumaric and oxalic acids which could have hindered further Al uptake. The two bean species showed a sigmoid P(i) uptake trend but with two different mechanisms. P. vulgaris L var. Red Kidney showed a starting point of 3h whereas P. lunatus L. adsorbed P(i) immediately within the first minutes. In addition, P. vulgaris L var. Red Kidney presented significantly higher P(i) uptake (higher uptake rate 'k' and higher maximum adsorption 'a' of the kinetic uptake model). The Al treatments did not significantly influence P(i) uptake. Results suggest that P. lunatus L. might adopt an external Al detoxification mechanism by the release of oxalic acid. P. vulgaris L var. Red Kidney on the other hand seemed to adopt an internal detoxification mechanism even if the Al sorbed is poorly translocated into the shoots. More detailed studies will be necessary to better define Al tolerance and/or resistance of Phaseolus spp