84 research outputs found
Kinetics of nitrite reduction and peroxynitrite formation by ferrous heme in human cystathionine ÎČ-synthase
Cystathionine ÎČ-synthase (CBS) is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of homocysteine with serine or with cysteine to form cystathionine and either water or hydrogen sulfide, respectively. Human CBS possesses a noncatalytic heme cofactor with cysteine and histidine as ligands, which in its oxidized state is relatively unreactive. Ferric CBS (Fe(III)-CBS) can be reduced by strong chemical and biochemical reductants to Fe(II)-CBS, which can bind carbon monoxide (CO) or nitric oxide (NO·), leading to inactive enzyme. Alternatively, Fe(II)-CBS can be reoxidized by O2 to Fe(III)-CBS, forming superoxide radical anion (O2 -·). In this study, we describe the kinetics of nitrite (NO2·-) reduction by Fe(II)-CBS to form Fe(II)NO·-CBS. The second order rate constant for the reaction of Fe(II)-CBS with nitrite was obtained at low dithionite concentrations. Reoxidation of Fe(II)NO·-CBS by O2 showed complex kinetic behavior and led to peroxynitrite (ONOO-) formation, which was detected using the fluorescent probe, coumarin boronic acid. Thus, in addition to being a potential source of superoxide radical, CBS constitutes a previously unrecognized source of NO· and peroxynitrite
Interferometry with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity
Atom interferometers covering macroscopic domains of space-time are a
spectacular manifestation of the wave nature of matter. Due to their unique
coherence properties, Bose-Einstein condensates are ideal sources for an atom
interferometer in extended free fall. In this paper we report on the
realization of an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer operated with a
Bose-Einstein condensate in microgravity. The resulting interference pattern is
similar to the one in the far-field of a double-slit and shows a linear scaling
with the time the wave packets expand. We employ delta-kick cooling in order to
enhance the signal and extend our atom interferometer. Our experiments
demonstrate the high potential of interferometers operated with quantum gases
for probing the fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics and general
relativity.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures; 8 pages of supporting materia
Location and locoregional extension of gastric cancer â predisposant factors in postoperative acute pancreatitis evolution
Catedra de oncologie, hematologie Èi radioterapie, USMF âNicolae TestemiÈanuâ, Laboratorul de chirurgie gastricÄ
Èi toracicÄ, SecÈia Gastrologie, Institutul Oncologic, ChiÈinÄu, Republica Moldova, ConferinÈa stiinÈificÄ âNicolae Anestiadi â nume etern al chirurgiei basarabeneâ consacratÄ centenarului de la naÈterea profesorului Nicolae Anestiadi 26 august 2016Introducere. Pancreatitele acute postoperatorii (PAPO) se ĂźntĂąlnesc frecvent, factorii declanÈatori fiind diferiÈi.Scop. Analiza corelaĆŁiei dintre sediul Èi extinderea locoregionalÄ a cancerului gastric Èi declanĆarea PAPO.
Material Ći metode. Grupul de studiu este constituit din 192 pacienÈi operaÈi radical pentru cancer gastric Ăźn
secÈia Gastrologie a Institutului Oncologic Ăźn perioada 2010-2014: barbaĆŁi - 131 (68,23%) Èi femei â 61 (31,77
%), raportul fiind 2:1, cu vĂąrsta cuprinsÄ Ăźntre 21 Èi 80 ani Èi incidenÈa maximÄ Ăźntre 51 â 60 ani (40,11%).
Rezultate. PAPO a evoluat: Ăźn 38,09% (24 din 63) din cazuri â cu afecÈia peretelui posterior gastric; Ăźn 26,32%
(5 din 19) din cazuri cu aderarea tumorii gastrice la pancreas Èi Ăźn 20,83% (10 din 48) â cu aderarea tumorii la
alte organe. IncidenÈa maximÄ a PAPO a constituit 50% Ăźn cazurile cu invazie Ăźn pancreas Èi 44,54% - Ăźn cele cu
invazie Ăźn alte organe adiacente.
Concluzii. Afectarea peretelui posterior gastric Èi aderarea cancerului gastric la organele adiacente, pot fi
consideraÈi factori care ar favoriza PAPO. Invazia cu infiltrarea cancerului gastric Ăźn organele adiacente,
Ăźndeosebi pancreasul, este factorul declanÈator pentru PAPO.Introduction. Postoperative acute pancreatitis (POAP) is common, but triggers are different.
Purpose. Analysis of correlation between location and loco-regional extension of gastric cancer and POAP
evolution.
Materials and methods. Our study includes 192 patients, radically operated for gastric cancer in
Gastropulmonology Department of Institute of Oncology during 2010-2014: men - 131 (68.23%), women - 61
(31.77 %), the ratio being 2:1 aged between 21 and 80, with high incidence between 51 and 60 years (40.11%).
Results. POAP developed as follows: in 38.09% (24 of 63) of cases with affection of posterior gastric wall; in
26.32% (5 of 19) â with invasion into the pancreas and in 20,83% (10 of 48) â with invasion of adjacent organs.
Incidence of POAP was 50% in cases with invasion into the pancreas and 44.54% - in cases of invading adjacent
organs.
Conclusions. Affection of posterior gastric wall and tumor invasion into adjacent organs can be considered
as factors that would favor POAP. Invasion with tumor infiltration into adjacent organs, especially into the
pancreas, is the triggering factor for POAP
Endovascular Treatment of Wide-Neck Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms Using WEB-DL and WEB-SL: Short-Term Results in a Multicenter Study
Interim 2017/18 influenza seasonal vaccine effectiveness: Combined results from five European studies
Between September 2017 and February 2018, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B viruses (mainly B/Yamagata, not included in 2017/18 trivalent vaccines) co-circulated in Europe. Interim results from five European studies indicate that, in all age groups, 2017/18 influenza vaccine effectiveness was 25 to 52% against any influenza, 55 to 68% against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, -42 to 7% against influenza A(H3N2) and 36 to 54% against influenza B. 2017/18 influenza vaccine should be promoted where influenza still circulates
A prospective survey in European Society of Cardiology member countries of atrial fibrillation management: baseline results of EURO bservational Research Programme Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) Pilot General Registry
Aims: Given the advances in atrial fibrillation (AF) management and the availability of new European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, there is a need for the systematic collection of contemporary data regarding the management and treatment of AF in ESC member countries. Methods and results: We conducted a registry of consecutive in- and outpatients with AF presenting to cardiologists in nine participating ESC countries. All patients with an ECG-documented diagnosis of AF confirmed in the year prior to enrolment were eligible. We enroled a total of 3119 patients from February 2012 to March 2013, with full data on clinical subtype available for 3049 patients (40.4% female; mean age 68.8 years). Common comorbidities were hypertension, coronary disease, and heart failure. Lone AF was present in only 3.9% (122 patients). Asymptomatic AF was common, particularly among those with permanent AF. Amiodarone was the most common antiarrhythmic agent used (~20%), while beta-blockers and digoxin were the most used rate control drugs. Oral anticoagulants (OACs) were used in 80% overall, most often vitamin K antagonists (71.6%), with novel OACs being used in 8.4%. Other antithrombotics (mostly antiplatelet therapy, especially aspirin) were still used in one-third of the patients, and no antithrombotic treatment in only 4.8%. Oral anticoagulants were used in 56.4% of CHA 2DS2-VASc = 0, with 26.3% having no antithrombotic therapy. A high HAS-BLED score was not used to exclude OAC use, but there was a trend towards more aspirin use in the presence of a high HAS-BLED score. Conclusion: The EURObservational Research Programme Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) Pilot Registry has provided systematic collection of contemporary data regarding the management and treatment of AF by cardiologists in ESC member countries. Oral anticoagulant use has increased, but novel OAC use was still low. Compliance with the treatment guidelines for patients with the lowest and higher stroke risk scores remains suboptimal. © The Author 2013
2015/16 seasonal vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza a(H1N1)pdm09 and B among elderly people in Europe: Results from the I-MOVE+ project
We conducted a multicentre test-negative caseù\u80\u93control study in 27 hospitals of 11 European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among people aged ù\u89„ 65 years. Patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. Information on demographics, vaccination and underlying conditions was collected. Using logistic regression, we measured IVE adjusted for potential confounders. We included 355 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases, 110 influenza B cases, and 1,274 controls. Adjusted IVE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 42% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22 to 57). It was 59% (95% CI: 23 to 78), 48% (95% CI: 5 to 71), 43% (95% CI: 8 to 65) and 39% (95% CI: 7 to 60) in patients with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung and heart disease, respectively. Adjusted IVE against influenza B was 52% (95% CI: 24 to 70). It was 62% (95% CI: 5 to 85), 60% (95% CI: 18 to 80) and 36% (95% CI: -23 to 67) in patients with diabetes mellitus, lung and heart disease, respectively. 2015/16 IVE estimates against hospitalised influenza in elderly people was moderate against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, including among those with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung or heart diseases
Characterising poly (vinyl chloride)/Aliquat 336 polymer inclusion membranes: Evidence of phase separation and its role in metal extraction
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