Age and dialysis adequacy in maintenance hemodialysis patients Hemodiliz hastalari yönetiminde yaş ve dializ yeterliliǧi

Aim: The issue of optimal dialysis dose and frequency has been a central topic in the delivery of dialysis treatment. We aimed to consider the effects of age on some hemodialysis parameters specially dialysis adequacy by urea reduction rate (URR) and to compare these parameters between diabetics and non diabetic HD(hemodialysis) patients. Material and Method: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), undergoing maintenance hemodialysis treatment were considered. The urea reduction rate and body mass index were calculated. Results: The total patients were 60 (F=21 M=39), consisting of 44 non diabetic hemodialysis patients (F=15 M=29), and 16 diabetic hemodialysis patients (F=6 M=10). A significant difference of dialysis adequacy between non-diabetics and diabetics was observed with lower values in diabetic group and a significant difference of dialysis adequacy and creatinine was observed in patients, with ages below and more than 50 years old with lower values in older patients. A significant negative correlation of age with dialysis adequacy in total hemodialysis patients and a significant negative correlation of age with serum creatinine were observed. Discussion: The negative effect of age on dialysis adequacy needs more attention to this aspect to reduce the dialysis complications which is frequently observed in older patients

Metformin and renal protection

Metformin as a biguanid drug entered to the market 50 years ago, and now is generally recommended as the first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in overweight patients. However, in recent years ,new indications for its use have found. Recently, much attention has been directed toward the possible renal protective efficiency of metformin. Recent studies have proven that metformin, possesses antioxidant efficacy as well. Reduction of apoptosis, induced by oxidative stress in endothelial cells and prevention of vascular dysfunction is found with metformin treatment, too. © 2014, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved

Ameliorative effects of metformin on renal histologic and biochemical alterations of gentamicin-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats

Background: The aim of this study was to test the potential properties of metformin (MF) to protect the kidney from gentamicin (GM)-induced renal toxicity. Materials and Methods: In this preclinical study, 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats in each. In the first group (group I), they were kept in the same condition as others without receiving drugs for 10 days. In group II, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with 100 mg/kg/day of GM for 10 consecutive days. Group III rats received 100 mg/kg/day MF orally for 10 days. In group IV, the rats received GM (100 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) for 10 days and 100 mg/kg/day MF orally for the next 10 days. In the last group (group V), the rats received a combination of GM 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally and MF 100 mg/kg/day orally for 10 days simultaneously. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) values were measured and renal tissues of the animals were processed for light microscope examination. Results: The levels of BUN in groups II, IV, and V, and also the serum level of Cr in groups II and V were increased significantly after the experiment. Furthermore, post-treatment with MF or co-treatment with MF could prevent the elevation of serum BUN and Cr induced by GM and also attenuates the damage score (P < 0.05). Conclusions: MF may prevent or ameliorate GM-induced acute renal failure, and therefore it might be beneficial in patients under treatment with this medicine

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Background: A vasectomy (closing or removing a portion of the vas deferens) is the most common method of contraception for men. Almost 6 of the men who undergo a vasectomy seek the reversal of the vasectomy. Many factors can influence the success rate of a vasectomy reversal. It is important for the surgeon to be aware of these factors to clarify postsurgical expectations for the patient and his partner. Materials and Methods: Records of 50 cases of vasovasostomies performed in Rasoul-e-Akram from January 2014 to January 2015 were extracted. We reviewed all items from the checklists in their records and followed up with the patients after surgery. The factors affecting surgical success were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean time between the vasovasostomy was 8.2 ± 4.81 years (Min:1, Max:22 years). The age of the patients was significantly correlated with the success rate of the vasovasostomy (OR = 0.81, P = 0.005). There was a significant relationship between the time since the vasectomy and the success rate of the vasovasostomy (OR = 0.75, P = .001). Through a logistic regression analysis, a significant correlation was found between smoking and success (P < .05). Postoperative complications and inguinal surgery were also factors that were inversely correlated with success. Conclusions: In this study, the reverse relationship between certain factors such as age, time after the vasectomy, smoking, post discharge complications, and a history of inguinal surgery, and the success rate of microscopic surgical vasovasostomies has been proven. Considering these factors, surgeons can estimate the likelihood of success before the surgery. © 2018 Middle East Fertility SocietyMiddle East Fertility Societ