818 research outputs found
Origins of Chevron Rollovers in Non-Two-State Protein Folding Kinetics
Chevron rollovers of some proteins imply that their logarithmic folding rates
are nonlinear in native stability. This is predicted by lattice and continuum
G\=o models to arise from diminished accessibilities of the ground state from
transiently populated compact conformations under strongly native conditions.
Despite these models' native-centric interactions, the slowdown is due partly
to kinetic trapping caused by some of the folding intermediates' nonnative
topologies. Notably, simple two-state folding kinetics of small single-domain
proteins are not reproduced by common G\=o-like schemes.Comment: 10 pages, 4 Postscript figures (will appear on PRL
Exploring the phase diagram of the two-impurity Kondo problem
A system of two exchange-coupled Kondo impurities in a magnetic field gives
rise to a rich phase space hosting a multitude of correlated phenomena.
Magnetic atoms on surfaces probed through scanning tunnelling microscopy
provide an excellent platform to investigate coupled impurities, but typical
high Kondo temperatures prevent field-dependent studies from being performed,
rendering large parts of the phase space inaccessible. We present an integral
study of pairs of Co atoms on insulating Cu2N/Cu(100), which each have a Kondo
temperature of only 2.6 K. In order to cover the different regions of the phase
space, the pairs are designed to have interaction strengths similar to the
Kondo temperature. By applying a sufficiently strong magnetic field, we are
able to access a new phase in which the two coupled impurities are
simultaneously screened. Comparison of differential conductance spectra taken
on the atoms to simulated curves, calculated using a third order transport
model, allows us to independently determine the degree of Kondo screening in
each phase.Comment: paper: 14 pages, 4 figures; supplementary: 3 pages, 1 figure, 1 tabl
Unjuk Kerja Pompa Air Shimizu Type Ps-128 Bit Yang Difungsikan Sebagai Turbin Air
Utilization of water pump Shimizu Type PS-128 Bit which functioned as a water turbine for Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHPP) is an effort in the search for alternative energy in a simple and easy in term of manufacturing and assembling. Principally, the water pump is used to suck the water from a lower surface and raise it to a certain height. The basic of working of a pump is the opposite of a water turbine, and therefore can function as reaction water turbine, in which water from a certain height rotate the pump impeller.Testing the water pump Shimizu Type PS-128 Bit as a water turbine is carried out in the Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering University of Sam Ratulangi. The “reaction turbine” is driven by four water pumps which connected in series and parallel. It aims to get different heights (head) and flow rate (Q).Flow rate and the load on the dynamometer (W1) has been determined, as the lowest round “reaction turbine” that is charged with the force (N) certain turbine cannot rotate. So that initial water discharge is determined by Q = 31 liters/minute. Based on the research that has been done that the power generated depends on the rotation, H and Q. The maximum power generated Pm = 12 watt is at Q = 37 liters/minute, H = 18 m, and n = 1080 rpm
Detection-Loophole-Free Test of Quantum Nonlocality, and Applications
We present a source of entangled photons that violates a Bell inequality free
of the "fair-sampling" assumption, by over 7 standard deviations. This
violation is the first experiment with photons to close the detection loophole,
and we demonstrate enough "efficiency" overhead to eventually perform a fully
loophole-free test of local realism. The entanglement quality is verified by
maximally violating additional Bell tests, testing the upper limit of quantum
correlations. Finally, we use the source to generate secure private quantum
random numbers at rates over 4 orders of magnitude beyond previous experiments.Comment: Main text: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Supplementary Information: 7
pages, 2 figure
Broadband quadrature-squeezed vacuum and nonclassical photon number correlations from a nanophotonic device
We report the first demonstrations of both quadrature squeezed vacuum and
photon number difference squeezing generated in an integrated nanophotonic
device. Squeezed light is generated via strongly driven spontaneous four-wave
mixing below threshold in silicon nitride microring resonators. The generated
light is characterized with both homodyne detection and direct measurements of
photon statistics using photon number-resolving transition edge sensors. We
measure ~dB of broadband quadrature squeezing (~dB inferred
on-chip) and ~dB of photon number difference squeezing (~dB
inferred on-chip). Nearly-single temporal mode operation is achieved, with raw
unheralded second-order correlations as high as measured
(~when corrected for noise). Multi-photon events of over 10 photons
are directly detected with rates exceeding any previous quantum optical
demonstration using integrated nanophotonics. These results will have an
enabling impact on scaling continuous variable quantum technology.Comment: Significant improvements and updates to photon number squeezing
results and discussions, including results on single temporal mode operatio
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