Bridging knowledge to the market: an innovative approach for an innovative development

We live in a world of constant development, growth, innovation and changing needs and nonetheless cultural habits. How to sustain this constant change and how to adapt to globalisation, technological change and constant creativity and innovativeness of key human resources inside larger corporations as well as knowledge institutions is answering the concept of corporate entrepreneurship, new ventures and academic spin-off creation. Article will show the trend in the field of new venture and academic spin-off creation, involving human and social capital as key success factors. Barriers and innovative solutions will be presented on how to overcome the issue of lacking cooperation between academia and industry. Relevant best practices and experiences will be presented to be discussed as opportunities that can find the place in the already existing strengths of Slovenia and its entrepreneurial development and regional growthAcademic spin-off, Early-Stage Financing, Knowledge-Intensive Regions, Knowledge-Intensive Companies, new venture

X-ray diffracted intensity for double reflection channel cut Ge monochromators at extremely asymmetric diffraction conditions

The width and the integrated intensity of the 220 x-ray double diffraction profile and the shift of the Bragg condition due to refraction have been measured in a channel cut Ge crystal in an angular range near the critical angle of total external reflection. The Bragg angle and incidence condition were varied by changing the x-ray energy. In agreement with the extended dynamical theory of x-ray diffraction, the integrated intensity of the double diffraction remained almost constant even for grazing incidence condition very close to the critical angle C for total external reflection. A broadening of the diffraction profile not predicted by the extended theory of x-ray diffraction was observed when the Bragg condition was at angles of incidence lower than 0.6?. Plane wave topographs revealed a contrast that could be explained by a slight residual crystal surface undulation of 0.3 degrees due to the etching to remove the cutting damage and the increasing effect of refraction at glancing angles close to the critical angle. These findings confirm that highly asymmetric channel cut Ge crystals can work as efficient monochromators or image magnifiers also at glancing angles close to the critical angle and that the main limitation is the crystal surface preparation

3D Printing of Drug Nanocrystals for Film Formulations

The aim of the study was to prepare indomethacin nanocrystal-loaded, 3D-printed, fast-dissolving oral polymeric film formulations. Nanocrystals were produced by the wet pearl milling technique, and 3D printing was performed by the semi-solid extrusion method. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) was the film-forming polymer, and glycerol the plasticizer. In-depth physicochemical characterization was made, including solid-state determination, particle size and size deviation analysis, film appearance evaluation, determination of weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, drug content uniformity, and disintegration time, and drug release testing. In drug nanocrystal studies, three different stabilizers were tested. Poloxamer F68 produced the smallest and most homogeneous particles, with particle size values of 230 nm and PI values below 0.20, and was selected as a stabilizer for the drug-loaded film studies. In printing studies, the polymer concentration was first optimized with drug-free formulations. The best mechanical film properties were achieved for the films with HPMC concentrations of 2.85% (w/w) and 3.5% (w/w), and these two HPMC levels were selected for further drug-loaded film studies. Besides, in the drug-loaded film printing studies, three different drug levels were tested. With the optimum concentration, films were flexible and homogeneous, disintegrated in 1 to 2.5 min, and released the drug in 2–3 min. Drug nanocrystals remained in the nano size range in the polymer films, particle sizes being in all film formulations from 300 to 500 nm. When the 3D-printed polymer films were compared to traditional film-casted polymer films, the physicochemical behavior and pharmaceutical performance of the films were very similar. As a conclusion, 3D printing of drug nanocrystals in oral polymeric film formulations is a very promising option for the production of immediate-release improved- solubility formulations

3D Printing of Drug Nanocrystals for Film Formulations

The aim of the study was to prepare indomethacin nanocrystal-loaded, 3D-printed, fast-dissolving oral polymeric film formulations. Nanocrystals were produced by the wet pearl milling technique, and 3D printing was performed by the semi-solid extrusion method. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) was the film-forming polymer, and glycerol the plasticizer. In-depth physicochemical characterization was made, including solid-state determination, particle size and size deviation analysis, film appearance evaluation, determination of weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, drug content uniformity, and disintegration time, and drug release testing. In drug nanocrystal studies, three different stabilizers were tested. Poloxamer F68 produced the smallest and most homogeneous particles, with particle size values of 230 nm and PI values below 0.20, and was selected as a stabilizer for the drug-loaded film studies. In printing studies, the polymer concentration was first optimized with drug-free formulations. The best mechanical film properties were achieved for the films with HPMC concentrations of 2.85% (w/w) and 3.5% (w/w), and these two HPMC levels were selected for further drug-loaded film studies. Besides, in the drug-loaded film printing studies, three different drug levels were tested. With the optimum concentration, films were flexible and homogeneous, disintegrated in 1 to 2.5 min, and released the drug in 2–3 min. Drug nanocrystals remained in the nano size range in the polymer films, particle sizes being in all film formulations from 300 to 500 nm. When the 3D-printed polymer films were compared to traditional film-casted polymer films, the physicochemical behavior and pharmaceutical performance of the films were very similar. As a conclusion, 3D printing of drug nanocrystals in oral polymeric film formulations is a very promising option for the production of immediate-release improved- solubility formulations

Prediction of the Risk of Bleeding in People Living with Hemophilia

A tool allowing the prediction of the risk of bleeding in patients with hemophilia would be relevant for patients, stakeholders, and policymakers. We performed a systematic review of the literature searching for available risk assessment models to predict the risk of bleeding in people living with hemophilia, and to determine the key risk factors that the ideal model should include. We also systematically review the literature to determine the acceptability and accuracy of wrist-wearable devices to measure physical activity in the general population. Finally, we validated the performance of a risk assessment model for the prediction of the risk for bleeding in people living with hemophilia. We identified the following risk factors for bleeding in people living with hemophilia: plasma factor levels, history of bleeds, physical activity, antithrombotic treatment, and obesity. The FitBit Charge and FitBit Charge HR are the most accurate devices for measuring steps, and the Apple Watch is the most accurate for measuring heart rate. No device proved to be accurate in measuring energy expenditure. The predictive accuracy of the risk assessment model that we validated does not endorse its use to drive decision making on treatment strategies based on the predicted number of bleeds. This might in part be explained by the methods used in the derivation phase. The need for an accurate risk assessment model to predict the risk of bleeding in people living with hemophilia is still unmet. This should be done by including the relevant risk factors identified through our work, with data on physical activity possibly collected using an accurate wrist-wearable device, and through the application of rigorous methods in the derivation and validation phases.ThesisDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)People living with hemophilia lack a coagulation factor and tend to experience spontaneous bleeds, with frequency and intensity that vary between individuals. Predicting who will experience more bleeds would allow for changing the treatment strategies and directing the best resources to the persons that can benefit more. Through this project, we identified the variables that should be considered to estimate the risk for bleeding in people living with hemophilia, namely the blood levels of the lacking coagulation factor, the bleeding history, the physical activity levels, the concomitant treatment with blood thinners, and the presence of obesity. We determined that Fitbit Charge and Charge HR are the most accurate devices for measuring steps and Apple Watch for heart rate. Lastly, we found that an existing tool for predicting the risk of bleeding is not accurate enough to be used in this setting, and a new model should be produced

Giudizio riflettente e creazione di concetti. Il debito deleuziano verso Kant

Is Deleuze really in debt to Kant? If so, in which feature of Deleuze's thought can it be traced?The Deleuzian idea of philosophy meant as a creative process for constructing concepts may be deeply rooted in Kant's thought. In his lectures on Kant held at Vincennes in 1978, he acknowledged that Kant first attributed the act of thinking a new absolute meaning: the power to create concepts and no longer a vague meaning to create images or to remember.According to Deleuze the originality of Kant's philosophy lies in creating new words and giving them a new meaning. Although Deleuze had dedicated Kant a significant study in 1963 and four lectures at Vincennes, he did not fully admit to being influenced by Kant, not even in What is Philosophy?, the last monography he wrote with Félix Guattari

Assessment of Correlations among Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Cumulative Illness Rating Index (CI) Scores in the Elderly Patients with Femur Fractures: A Prospective Study

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has established that injury will be the second principal cause of the world disease onerous by the year 2020. Purpose: In this study comorbidity was evaluated with the Cumulative Illness Rating Index, (CI) and studied in relation to the functional status of the elderly participants, by considering: Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), scores. Method: Ninety-five elderly patients with femur fracture were recruited for this study. A prospective investigation and evaluation of their comorbidity and their physical activity conditions was performed. Results: Correlations were evaluated between: ADL and CIRS values (r = 0.23); CIRS and IADL values (r = 0.24), and finally correlations between patients age and CIRS values (r = 0.09).Conclusion: No significant correlations were assessed to standardize the different score levels. Keywords: Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Cumulative Illness Rating Index (CI), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Elderly Patients. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/63-05 Publication date:June 30th 2019

Scientific opinion on the evaluation of authorised ferric sodium EDTA as an ingredient in the context of Regulation (EC) 258/97 on novel foods and Regulation (EU) 609/2013 on food intended for infants and young children, food for special medical purposes and total diet replacement for weight control

The present opinion deals with the evaluation of the proposed increase of the currently authorised maximum amounts of ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a novel food ingredient used as a source of iron, and its extension of use in processed cereal‐based foods and baby foods. The applicant also provided information on two forms of ferric sodium EDTA, one previously assessed by EFSA and a new one of finer consistency. To support the proposed changes to the uses of ferric sodium EDTA, the applicant proposed a revision of the current acceptable daily intake (ADI) for EDTA, derived from that set for the food additive calcium disodium EDTA (E 385). The Panel confirmed that ferric sodium EDTA is a source from which iron is bioavailable. In assessing the safety of the proposed revision to the existing specifications for the novel food ingredient ferric sodium EDTA, the Panel noted that this would not discriminate between the previously evaluated substance and the one of finer consistency. In particular, the Panel noted that particle size was not one of the proposed parameters for the revised specifications. The Panel noted that it was not possible to determine whether particles of ferric sodium EDTA in the nano range were present in the product with finer consistency in the solid form. The toxicological data submitted did not add any new relevant information to the database on which the current ADI for EDTA is based. Consequently, the Panel concluded that there was no sound scientific justification to increase the ADI for EDTA and hence increase the use levels of ferric sodium EDTA or introduce additional uses as proposed by the applicant. The Panel recommended that additional toxicological data should be provided to address the shortcomings in the available toxicity database prior to the re‐evaluation of calcium disodium EDTA (E 385)

Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan pada Ny.S.M Umur 35 Tahun G3P2A0AH2 Hamil 37 Minggu Janin Hidup Tunggal Letak Kepala Intra Uterin Keadaan Ibu dan Janin baik di Puskesmas Waipare Tanggal 18 April s/d 14 Juni 2019

Latar Belakang: Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan adalah asuhan kebidanan yang dilakukan mulai antenatal care, intranatal care, postnatal care, dan bayi baru lahir pada pasien secara keseluruhan. SDKI mencatat AKI di Indonesia tahun 2016 mengalami penurunan dari 395 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup menjadi 305 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. AKI di NTT pada tahun 2016 meningkat yakni sebanyak 176 kasus (133 per 100.000 KH). Di Kabupaten Sikka Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sikka tahun 2017, jumlah kematian ibu 4 dan kematian bayi 25 orang. Puskesmas Waipare, Kecamatan Kangae Jumlah ibu hamil yang melakukan ANC Kunjungan :100%, Kunjungan Lengkap (K4) 66%,INC persalinan tenaga kesehatan (NAKES)100%, PNC, Kunjungan Nifas lengkap 67% dan kunjungan Bayi lengkap 100%, KB 59 % . Puskesmas Waipare tahun 2017 tidak ada kematian ibu dan kematian bayi 4 orang. Tujuan umum: Mampu menerapkan Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan pada Ny.S. M.di Puskesmas Waipare periode 18 April sampai 14 Juni 2019. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi penelaahan kasus dengan unit tunggal. Lokasi penelitian di Puskesmas Waipare subyek penelitian Ny.S.M umur 35 tahun, G3P2A0AH2, usia kehamilan 37 minggu. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil: Kehamilan berjalan normal tidak ada komplikasi. Melahirkan secara spontan di Puskesmas Waipare pada tanggal 02-05-2019 jam 02.00 wita. Keadaan ibu dan bayi baik. Asuhan untuk bayi baru lahir dan ibu nifas dilakukan melalui kunjungan nifas 1-4, dan kunjungan neonatus 1-3. Keadaan ibu selama masa nifas baik. Ibu sudah mengikuti metode kontrasepsi implant saat 42 hari post partum. Simpulan: Setelah dilakukan Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan sejak kehamilan, persalinan, bayi baru lahir dan masa nifas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keadaan ibu dan bayi sehat, bayi mendapat ASI ekslusif, ibu sudah menjadi akseptor KB implant

How Patients and Nurses defined Advocacy in Nursing? A Review of the Literature

Objectives: Advocacy is an important aspect in current professional nursing care and it is a relatively new role for nursing, emerged in the United States in 1980s. This article aimed to explore the basis of advocacy concept viewed by both nurses and patients.Design: A computerized search in PubMed, Medline, Embase databases was conducted to highlight the relevance of nursing advocacy by nurses and patients. This review included qualitative studies which explained better advocacy concept in nursing practice and analyzed the concept of nursing advocacy. Data sources: Fifteen articles were found. Of these, only six met all the requirements of the inclusion criteria Review methods: Articles were compared by considering for each paper the purpose, the design, the methodology, the finding, in order to define advocacy concept by both patients and nurses.Results: Six articles were found, which were published between 1996 and 2018.Conclusions: It was found that the concept and the practice of the nursing advocacy was still enshrouded in confusion, conflict and change. Keywords: Advocacy; Nursing Advocacy; Literature Review; Patient Advocacy. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/63-08 Publication date:June 30th 201