Steel slag produced in Europe as potential filter media for phosphorus removal from wastewater

International audienceno abstrac

The use of slag as a sorbent to treat wastewater in Europe

International audienceno abstrac

Steel slag filters to upgrade phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands - main factors controlling removal efficiency

International audienceno abstrac

Recovery of agriculture wastes into sustainable activated carbons and energy

International audienc

The use of steel slag as a substrate to treat wastewater : an integrated approach

International audienceno abstrac

Effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% on scotopic pupil: Controlled trial

Purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the duration of the effect of one single dose of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% on pupil diameter, under scotopic conditions, when applied topically in 1 eye of normal subjects.Methods: the eyes of 19 normal volunteers were randomized so that 1 eye had 1 drop of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% and the other received no medication. Pupil diameter was measured using an infrared pupillometer. the first measure was obtained before the instillation of brimonidine. After that, four measures, with 2-h intervals, were performed.Results: From 19 participants, 14 were women and 5 were men, with a mean age of 25.05 years (standard deviation, +/- 6.98). Before brimonidine instillation, mean pupil diameter in the control eyes was 5.11 mm, and in the brimonidine eyes it was 5.15 mm. After 8 h, the mean pupil size was 4.01 mm in the treated eyes, and 4.56 mm in the untreated eyes. There was a tendency of miotic effect to be more important on the treated eye, as compared to the control eye in all intervals but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.375). When comparing both eyes, independently of the periods, the treated eye had a smaller diameter than the untreated eye (P = 0.038). the miotic effect was observed for at least 8 h after instillation.Conclusions: Miotic response of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% lasted for at least 8 h and has a significant effect on the nontreated eye.Albert Einstein Israel Hosp, Inst Israel Ensino & Pesquisa, Dept Ophthalmol, BR-05651901 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Sorption properties of activated carbons for the capture of methyl iodide in the context of nuclear industry

International audienceIn the present study, some commercially available activated carbons were evaluated towards the methyl iodide (CH3I) capture in the context of nuclear industry. A specific methodology was implemented in order to establish structure-activity relationships between adsorbent characteristics and its adsorption behavior towards CH3I. On the one hand, the investigated adsorbents were characterized by a combination of physico-chemical techniques. On the other hand, CH3I retention performance from batch sorption tests under different conditions (temperature and relative humidity) was studied using an original experimental setup. In this work, two conditions were investigated: (i) T = 35°C, R.H. = 26 % ([H2O] ∼15,000 ppmv); (ii) T = 75°C, R.H. = 30 % ([H2O] ∼130,000 ppmv). Different trends were obtained depending on the investigated scenario. At ambient conditions (i), CH3I adsorption performance was affected after KI/TEDA impregnation because of partial pore blockage phenomena induced by the of impregnants presence within the microporosity. However, TEDA impregnation was found to be required to enhance the trapping stability and to capture CH3I with superior efficiency at higher temperature (ii)

Sustainable conversion of agriculture wastes into activated carbons: energy balance and arsenic removal from water

International audienceThe aims of this study are to investigate the production of activated carbons (AC) from Senegal agricultural wastes such as cashew shells, millet stalks and rice husks and to implement them in adsorption processes devoted to arsenic (V) removal. AC were produced by a direct physical activation with water steam without other chemicals. This production of AC has also led to co-products (gas and bio-oil) which have been characterized in terms of physical, chemical and thermodynamical properties for energy recovery. Considering the arsenic adsorption results and the energy balance for the three studied biomasses, the first results have shown that the millet stalks seem to be more interesting for arsenate removal from natural water and an energy recovery with a GEEelec of 18.9%. Cashew shells, which have shown the best energy recovery (34.3%), are not suitable for arsenate removal. This global approach is original and contributes to a recycling of biowastes with a joint recovery of energy and material

Estimated costs of implementation of membrane processes for on-site greywater recycling

International audienceGreywater reuse inside buildings is a possible way to preserve water resources and face up to water scarcity. This study is focused on a technical-economic analysis of greywater treatment by a direct nanofiltration (NF) process or by a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) for on-site recycling. The aim of this paper is to analyse the cost of recycled water for two different configurations (50 and 500 inhabitants) in order to demonstrate the relevance of the implementation of membrane processes for greywater recycling, depending on the production capacity of the equipment and the price of drinking water. The first step was to define a method to access the description of the cost of producing recycled water. The direct costs were defined as a sum of fixed costs due to equipment, maintenance and depreciation, and variable costs generated by chemical products and electricity consumptions. They were estimated from an experimental approach and from data found in literature, enabling operating conditions for greywater recycling to be determined. The cost of treated water by a SMBR unit with a processing capacity of 500 persons is close to 4.40 m-3, while the cost is 4.81 m-3 with a NF process running in the same conditions. These costs are similar to the price of drinking water in some European countries