Военный министр УНР Александр Жуковский: малоисследованные страницы деятельности

У статті висвітлюються маловідомі факти з життя і діяльності Військового міністра Української Народної Республіки Олександра Жуковського.The article highlights little known facts from life and activities of war secretary in Ukrainian People Republic Olexandr Zhukovskiy. In 1917-1921 Ukrainians were not ready to defend and fight for their national state system. Con-sequences of global miscalculations and failures came up already at the beginnings of Ukrainian state and its parliament Ukrainian Central Council. Oleksandr Zhukovskiy is a significant personality in Ukrainian national history. It was his persistent work on the position of the Secretary of Military Affairs in UPR that actually gave Ukrainian Central Council possibility to function until May 1918. Despite aggravation of military and political situation he managed not only to organize work of the Military ministry, but also to prove himself as a professional and reformer of military sector. Nowadays activities of Oleksandr Zhukovskiy are underresearched and need further historical research.В статье освещаются малоизвестные факты из жизни и деятельности Военного министра Украинской Народной Республики Александра Жуковского

Admittance spectroscopy of charge traps of FET based on nanotubes

Investigation of electrical properties of FET based on polymer wrapped nanotubes, namely charge carrier transport and trap appear mechanisms. Model of carrier transport in the device was performed. Local traps states activation energies were obtained

Switchgrass Ukraine : overview of switchgrass research and guidelines

Between 2008 and 2013 switchgrass experiments have been conducted in Ukraine which have showed what varieties are locally adapted, how switchgrass can be established, what yields may be expected, what row space should be used, what seeding rate is optimal, etc. In the experiments the Ukrainian experts have gained much experience in establishing switchgrass and in management of switchgrass. This has made it possible to make a description of switchgrass management in Ukraine and to establish with success large fields. Further information is still needed, especially with respect to efficient harvesting on a larger scale and storage and conversion into pellets and conversion to energy

Particularities of the bone tissue regenerative properties of the proximal part of the tibia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with multi-plane knee deformities

Background. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has no equal among the musculoskeletal system diseases in terms of the severity of joint damage. Knee joint damage was noted in 65–70 % of RA patients and it is the most common cause of disability. The purpose was to study the indices of osteogenic activity of stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells (MSCs) of the articular bone ends of the knee joint in patients with secondary knee osteoarthritis (KOA) due to RA in the presence of multi-plane deformations. Materials and methods. The studied material was samples of cancellous bone of the anterior and posterior parts of the plateau of the proximal part of the tibia and spongiosa from a depth of 1 cm and 3 cm from the articular surface, namely from the proximal epimetaphysis of the tibia, removed during knee arthroplasty of patients with secon­dary KOA due to RA and in patients with primary KOA in the presence of multi-plane deformations. Using the method of cloning colony-forming units of fibroblasts (CSF) of bone tissues, 38 patients were examined, including 9 patients with RA and 29 patients with primary KOA with damage to the knee joint in the presence of multi-plane deformations. Results. The total number of nucleated cells in 1 cm3 of spongiosa of the front part of the tibial plateau was 2.3 times lower compared to the parameter of this index in the posterior part (p < 0.05). The characteristics of spongy tissue in terms of the number of nucleated cells and the content of CSF in 1 cm3 from a depth of 3 cm from the articular surface of the proximal epimetaphysis of the tibia of patients with RA were almost 3 times higher compared to the indices of patients with primary KOA (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Changes in the renovation processes of bone tissue in patients with secondary KOA due to RA and in patients with primary KOA in the presence of multi-plane deformations are unidirectional, but their expressiveness is greater in patients with RA. At a depth of 3 cm from the articular surface of the proximal epimetaphysis of the tibia, the conditions for secondary fixation of the leg of the knee joint replacement are much better, all other conditions being equal, so the "survival" of the endoprosthesis with an elongated leg will be greater

Transient expression of human cytochrome P450s 2D6 and 3A4 in Nicotiana benthamiana provides a possibility for rapid substrate testing and production of novel compounds.

Employment of transient expression of foreign genes for bioconversion of pharmaceutically valuable low-molecular-weight compounds, including plant secondary metabolites, is an enticing trend still scantily explored in plant biotechnology. In the present work, we put forth an efficient protocol for rapid assessment of synthetic and plant-derived metabolites as potential substrates for human P450s (CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) via Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Animal P450s with broad substrate specificity are promising candidates for transformation of diverse metabolites. The efficiency of P450s in heterologous surroundings is not always satisfactory and depends on the availability of an associated electron-transfer enzyme. Plants represent an attractive assortment of prospective hosts for foreign P450s expression. We selected the optimal composition of genetic blocks providing the highest transient expression efficiency, designed and validated an effective substrate administration scheme and tested biological activity of the investigated P450s against loratadine and several indole alkaloids with different molecular scaffold structures. A novel indole alkaloid, 11-hydroxycorynanthine, was isolated from N. benthamiana plants transiently expressing CYP2D6 and supplemented with corynanthine, and its structure was elucidated. The proposed technique might be of value in realization of combinatorial biosynthesis concept comprising the junction of heterologous enzymes and substrates in different metabolic surroundings

Evaluation of biotransformation capacity of transplastomic plants and hairy roots of Nicotiana tabacum expressing human cytochrome P450 2D6

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are important tools for regio- and stereoselective oxidation of target molecules or engineering of metabolic pathways. Functional heterologous expression of eukaryotic CYPs is often problematic due to their dependency on the specific redox partner and the necessity of correct association with the membranes for displaying enzymatic activity. Plant hosts offer advantages of accessibility of reducing partners and a choice of membranes to insert heterologous CYPs. For the evaluation of plant systems for efficient CYP expression, we established transplastomic plants and hairy root cultures of Nicotiana tabacum carrying the gene encoding human CYP2D6 with broad substrate specificity. The levels of CYP2D6 transcript accumulation and enzymatic activity were estimated and compared with the data of CYP2D6 transient expression in N. benthamiana. The relative level of CYP2D6 transcripts in transplastomic plants was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher of that observed after constitutive or transient expression from the nucleus. CYP2D6 expressed in chloroplasts converted exogenous synthetic substrate loratadine without the need for co-expression of the cognate CYP reductase. The loratadine conversion rate in transplastomic plants was comparable to that in N. benthamiana plants transiently expressing a chloroplast targeted CYP2D6 from the nucleus, but was lower than the value reported for transiently expressed CYP2D6 with the native endoplasmic reticulum signal-anchor sequence. Hairy roots showed the lowest substrate conversion rate, but demonstrated the ability to release the product into the culture medium. The obtained results illustrate the potential of plant-based expression systems for exploiting the enzymatic activities of eukaryotic CYPs with broad substrate specificities

Study of indicators of endothelial dysfunction in rats with experimental peritonitis

Gutsulyuk V. G., Savytskyi I. V., Tsypoviaz S. V., Znamerovskyi S. G., Sarahan V. M., Gerasymenko T. V. Study of indicators of endothelial dysfunction in rats with experimental peritonitis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(1):514-522. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.01.043 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/41740 https://zenodo.org/record/7512638 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 1, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 1 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe:Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.01.2022. Revised: 21.01.2022. Accepted: 31.01.2022. UDC 616.381-018.74 Study of indicators of endothelial dysfunction in rats with experimental peritonitis V. G. Gutsulyuk, I. V. Savytskyi, S. V. Tsypoviaz, S. G. Znamerovskyi, V. M. Sarahan, T. V. Gerasymenko International Academy of Ecology and Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine Correspondence author: Savytskyi Ivan Volodymyrovich, 65039, Odesa, Fountain road4-а/29, tel.+38050-381-21-83, [email protected] Abstract The article presents the results of the study of the activity of endothelial and inducible NO-synthase, the level of Willebrand factor and endothelin-1 in rats with experimental peritonitis. The most likely mechanism that is damaged in the endothelium during peritonitis is the activation of the synthesis of inducible NO-synthase by neutrophils/macrophages in response to infection. It is possible that hyperproduction of nitric oxide (NO), on the one hand, is aimed at destroying microflora and oxidizing toxins, and on the other hand, at suppressing the expression of tissue factor and cell adhesion molecules. platelet aggregation and cascade disorders in the hemostasis system. All this indicates that the hyperproduction of NO not only reflects the processes that occur in the focus of damage to the vascular endothelium, but also affects the severity of the inflammatory process and the outcome of the disease. In animals with experimental peritonitis on the background of OS, an increase in the number of circulating desquamated endothelial cells in the blood, which is a highly specific marker of endothelial dysfunction, was noted. The level of the Willebrand factor also increased, which can serve as a marker of increased risk of thrombus formation and indicate the pathogenetic dependence of the factors that damage the vascular wall endothelium on the concentration of the Willebrand factor, which contributes to the reduction of vascular permeability by adhesion of platelets to the endothelium. Confirmation of the development of endothelial dysfunction in peritonitis is an increase in the concentration of endothelin-1, which is a regulator of the process of vascular neoangiogenesis in response to endothelial damage. Keywords: peritonitis; endothelial dysfunction; oxidative stress; Willebrand factor; pathogenesis

Creation of glyphosate-resistant Brassica napus L. plants expressing DesC desaturase of cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus

Aim. Creation of glyphosate-resistant canola plants expressing bifunctional hybrid desC::licBM3 gene. In the hybrid gene the sequence of DesC desaturase of cyanobacterium S. vulcanus without plastid targeting was fused with the sequence of thermostable lichenase reporter LicBM3 gene. Methods. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, PCR, quantitative and qualitative determination of lichenase activity, genetic analysis. Results. Transgenic canola plants, carring the enolpyruvat shikimat phosphate syntase gene (epsps), conferring on plants resistance to phosphonomethyl glycine herbicides (Roundup), as well as the desC::licBM3 gene, were selected. The presence of transgenes was confimed by multiplex PCR. The epsps gene expression in canola was shown at the transcription level, during in vitro growth and after greenhouse herbicide treatment. Activity of the licBM3 gene product as a part of hybrid protein allowed quantitative and qualitative estimation of the desaturase gene expression. Inheritance of heterologous genes and their expression in the first generation were investigated. Conclusions. Transgenic canola plants were obtained, the presence of trangenes in plant genome was proved and expression of the target genes was detected