12 research outputs found
Surface state charge dynamics of a high-mobility three dimensional topological insulator
We present a magneto-optical study of the three-dimensional topological
insulator, strained HgTe using a technique which capitalizes on advantages of
time-domain spectroscopy to amplify the signal from the surface states. This
measurement delivers valuable and precise information regarding the surface
state dispersion within <1 meV of the Fermi level. The technique is highly
suitable for the pursuit of the topological magnetoelectric effect and axion
electrodynamics.Comment: Published version, online Sept 23, 201
Wafer-scale nanofabrication of telecom single-photon emitters in silicon
A highly promising route to scale millions of qubits is to use quantum photonic integrated circuits (PICs), where deterministic photon sources, reconfigurable optical elements, and single-photon detectors are monolithically integrated on the same silicon chip. The isolation of single-photon emitters, such as the G centers and W centers, in the optical telecommunication O-band, has recently been realized in silicon. In all previous cases, however, single-photon emitters were created uncontrollably in random locations, preventing their scalability. Here, we report the controllable fabrication of single G and W centers in silicon wafers using focused ion beams (FIB) with high probability. We also implement a scalable, broad-beam implantation protocol compatible with the complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology to fabricate single telecom emitters at desired positions on the nanoscale. Our findings unlock a clear and easily exploitable pathway for industrial-scale photonic quantum processors with technology nodes below 100 nm
Extending the coherence time of spin defects in hBN enables advanced qubit control and quantum sensing
Spin defects in hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) attract increasing interest for
quantum technology since they represent optically-addressable qubits in a van
der Waals material. In particular, negatively-charged boron vacancy centers
() in hBN have shown promise as sensors of temperature, pressure, and
static magnetic fields. However, the short spin coherence time of this defect
currently limits its scope for quantum technology. Here, we apply dynamical
decoupling techniques to suppress magnetic noise and extend the spin coherence
time by nearly two orders of magnitude, approaching the fundamental
relaxation limit. Based on this improvement, we demonstrate advanced spin
control and a set of quantum sensing protocols to detect electromagnetic
signals in the MHz range with sub-Hz resolution. This work lays the foundation
for nanoscale sensing using spin defects in an exfoliable material and opens a
promising path to quantum sensors and quantum networks integrated into
ultra-thin structures
Milliwatt terahertz harmonic generation from topological insulator metamaterials
Achieving efficient, high-power harmonic generation in the terahertz spectral
domain has technological applications, for example in sixth generation (6G)
communication networks. Massless Dirac fermions possess extremely large
terahertz nonlinear susceptibilities and harmonic conversion efficiencies.
However, the observed maximum generated harmonic power is limited, because of
saturation effects at increasing incident powers, as shown recently for
graphene. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature terahertz harmonic generation
in a BiSe topological insulator and topological-insulator-grating
metamaterial structures with surface-selective terahertz field enhancement. We
obtain a third-harmonic power approaching the milliwatt range for an incident
power of 75 mW - an improvement by two orders of magnitude compared to a
benchmarked graphene sample. We establish a framework in which this exceptional
performance is the result of thermodynamic harmonic generation by the massless
topological surface states, benefiting from ultrafast dissipation of electronic
heat via surface-bulk Coulomb interactions. These results are an important step
towards on-chip terahertz (opto)electronic applications
Creation of Silicon Vacancy in Silicon Carbide by Proton Beam Writing toward Quantum Sensing Applications
Single photon source (SPS) is a key element for quantum spintronics and quantum photonics. Several color centers, silicon vacancy (Vsi), divacancy (VsiVc), carbon antisite carbon vacancy pair (CsiVc), in silicon carbide (SiC) act as SPSs. In those SPSs, spin (S = 3/2) in Vsi can be manipulated even at room temperature and the intensity of its photoluminescence (PL) changes depending on the spin states. Since PL from Vsi is in the near infrared region (around 900 nm), it is expected that Vsi is applied to quantum sensor especially for biological or medical applications. Therefore, quantum sensing based on Vsi in SiC is discussed. In addition, energetic particle irradiation, especially proton beam writing (PBW), is introduced as a method to create Vsi in SiC
Superradiance of Spin Defects in Silicon Carbide for Maser Applications
Masers as telecommunication amplifiers have been known for decades, yet their
application is strongly limited due to extreme operating conditions requiring
vacuum techniques and cryogenic temperatures. Recently, a new generation of
masers has been invented based on optically pumped spin states in pentacene and
diamond. In this study, we pave the way for masers based on spin S = 3/2
silicon vacancy (V) defects in silicon carbide (SiC) to overcome the
microwave generation threshold and discuss the advantages of this highly
developed spin hosting material. To achieve population inversion, we optically
pump the V into their = 1/2 spin sub-states and additionally
tune the Zeeman energy splitting by applying an external magnetic field. In
this way, the prerequisites for stimulated emission by means of resonant
microwaves in the 10 GHz range are fulfilled. On the way to realising a maser,
we were able to systematically solve a series of subtasks that improved the
underlying relevant physical parameters of the SiC samples. Among others, we
investigated the pump efficiency as a function of the optical excitation
wavelength and the angle between the magnetic field and the defect symmetry
axis in order to boost the population inversion factor, a key figure of merit
for the targeted microwave oscillator. Furthermore, we developed a high-Q
sapphire microwave resonator (Q ~ 10 - 10) with which we find
superradiant stimulated microwave emission. In summary, SiC with optimized spin
defect density and thus spin relaxation rates is well on its way of becoming a
suitable maser gain material with wide-ranging applications.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
Extending the coherence of spin defects in hBN enables advanced qubit control and quantum sensing
Abstract Negatively-charged boron vacancy centers ( V B − ) in hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) are attracting increasing interest since they represent optically-addressable qubits in a van der Waals material. In particular, these spin defects have shown promise as sensors for temperature, pressure, and static magnetic fields. However, their short spin coherence time limits their scope for quantum technology. Here, we apply dynamical decoupling techniques to suppress magnetic noise and extend the spin coherence time by two orders of magnitude, approaching the fundamental T 1 relaxation limit. Based on this improvement, we demonstrate advanced spin control and a set of quantum sensing protocols to detect radiofrequency signals with sub-Hz resolution. The corresponding sensitivity is benchmarked against that of state-of-the-art NV-diamond quantum sensors. This work lays the foundation for nanoscale sensing using spin defects in an exfoliable material and opens a promising path to quantum sensors and quantum networks integrated into ultra-thin structures