Violent Crime in the United States of America: A Time-Series Analysis Between 1960-2000

This paper empirically assesses the effect of socio-economic and demographic variables on violent crime in the United States. Using national-level time-series data over the period 1960-2000, I estimate an unrestricted vector autoregressive (VAR) model individually for overall violent crime, murder, rape and assault. The results indicate that there is no long-run relationship among the examined variables, but a significant short-run relationship holds. Imprisonment growth, income inequality, alcohol consumption, and racial composition of the male youth population are shown to influence the short-run behaviour of violent crime.Violent Crime; Rationality; Socio-economic and Demographic Determinants; Cointegration Analysis; Dynamic OLS

Black hole solutions in Horava-Lifshitz Gravity with cubic terms

We study four dimensional non-projectable Horava-Lifshitz type gravity, in the case of an action with terms, cubic in curvature. For special choices of the free parameters of the model, we obtain two new analytic black hole solutions which exhibit the standard Schwarzschild asymptotic behavior in the large distance limit. The effect of cubic terms in the short range behavior of the black hole solutions is discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev.

Women Directors and exporting activity: The moderating role of network advice

We use data from Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the UK to examine the link between the presence of women directors and exporting activity. To do this, we build on resource-based view (RBV) and resource dependence theory (RDT) and show that SMEs with women on the board of directors are less likely to be involved in exporting activity compared to SMEs without women directors. Nevertheless, this negative relationship may be moderated by seeking network advice, which can be explained through the social network theory (SNT)

Informational injustice with respect to change and negative workplace emotions : the mitigating roles of structural and relational organizational features

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the hitherto unexplored relationship between employees’ perceptions of informational injustice with respect to change and their negative workplace emotions, as well as how this relationship might be mitigated by structural and relational features of the organizational context. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on quantitative data collected through the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Survey. The hypotheses are tested with ordered probit analysis using random effects. Findings – The findings show that informational injustice enhances the development of negative workplace emotions, yet this effect is attenuated at higher levels of job influence, reward interdependence, trust, and organizational commitment. Research limitations/implications – The findings contribute by identifying several contingencies that attenuate the harmful effect of informational injustice with respect to change on negative workplace emotions. The limitations of the study include the lack of data on change-specific outcomes and the reliance on the same respondents to assess the focal variables. Practical implications – The study suggests that organizations facing the challenge of sharing complete information about internal changes can counter the employee stress that comes with limited information provision by creating appropriate internal environments. Originality/value – The study adds to research on organizational change by providing a better understanding of an unexplored driver of negative workplace emotions (i.e. informational injustice with respect to change) and explicating when such informational injustice is more or less likely to enhance these emotions

Black Hole Solutions in 5D Horava-Lifshitz Gravity

We study the full spectrum of spherically symmetric solutions in the five dimensional non-projectable Horava-Lifshitz type gravity theories. For appropriate ranges of the coupling parameters, we have found several classes of solutions which are characterized by an AdS_5, dS_5 or flat large distance asymptotic behaviour, plus the standard 1/r^2 tail of the usual five-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes. In addition we have found solutions with an unconventional short or large distance behaviour, and for a special range of the coupling parameters solutions which coincide with black hole solutions of conventional relativistic five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity.Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures, references adde

An integrative approach to HRM–firm performance relationship : a missing link to corporate governance

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to ongoing debates regarding the human resource management (HRM)-firm performance relationship. In seeking to provide a more complete picture of the relationship, the paper discusses the existing literature and proposes an integrative framework that draws upon different literatures and multiple theoretical perspectives. Design/methodology/approach: Our review includes nearly 100 research studies published in this field. The review includes articles published in mainstream HRM journals and broader management journals with strong ties to HRM literature. Importantly, the paper also identifies a gap – a missing link - that concerns the importance of incorporating insights from corporate governance literature when considering strategic HR decision making. Findings: A significant contribution of this paper to theory is to propose an integrative framework that conceptualises the elusive relationship between HRM and firm performance, and which draws on different literatures and multiple theoretical perspectives in to offer more holistic insights into the relationship. The paper discusses the implications of the integrative perspective for theory and practice. Originality/value: This paper argues that one of the main stumbling blocks for developing a better understanding of the mechanisms through which HRM creates value in an organisation is the fragmentation of the HRM literature between “HR as practices” versus “HR as the department/profession”, as well as a tendency to neglect insights from the corporate governance literature

Student entrepreneurship in Great Britain 2016: intentions and activities

Overall, this GUESSS study provides in-depth analyses of students’ entrepreneurial intentions and activities. It shows that students in British universities have a range of career intentions and experiences, and how university, family and social settings can influence entrepreneurial choices and aspirations. Furthermore, the analysis reveals some notable gender differences in the entrepreneurial spirit and activities amongst students. It also highlights the potential of non-British students to contribute to the entrepreneurial activities in Britain, providing new evidence for the debates on entrepreneurship and immigration