COVID-19 e mulheres na área de turismo e hospitalidade: uma análise temática

The impact of COVID-19 on the tourism and hospitality industries is one of the most hotly debated studies in recent literature, but how women in the tourism and hospitality industries dealt with the pandemic has received insufficient attention. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore and investigate the impact of COVID-19 on women in the workforce, specifically in the hospitality and tourism industries in India. A qualitative study methodology was adopted, and in-depth interviews were conducted among 30 females, including employees, small-scale vendors, and entrepreneurs. A thematic analysis of the results was conducted using Nvivo-12. By using thematic analysis, twelve sub-themes were condensed into three main themes. The study addresses the main issues of women in the workforce in a time of uncertainty and crisis and highlights actions needed for the inclusive development of women in society.El impacto de COVID-19 en las industrias del turismo y la hostelería es uno de los estudios más debatidos en la literatura reciente, pero no se ha prestado suficiente atención a la forma en que las mujeres de las industrias del turismo y la hostelería afrontaron la pandemia. Por lo tanto, el propósito de esta investigación es explorar e investigar el impacto de COVID-19 en las mujeres en la fuerza de trabajo, específicamente en las industrias de la hospitalidad y el turismo en la India. Se adoptó una metodología de estudio cualitativo y se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 30 mujeres, entre las que había empleadas, pequeñas vendedoras y empresarias. Se realizó un análisis temático de los resultados utilizando Nvivo-12. Mediante el análisis temático, se condensaron doce subtemas en tres temas principales. El estudio aborda los principales problemas de las mujeres que trabajan en una época de incertidumbre y crisis y destaca las acciones necesarias para el desarrollo inclusivo de las mujeres en la sociedad.O impacto da COVID-19 nas indústrias do turismo e da hospitalidade é um dos estudos mais debatidos na literatura recente, mas como as mulheres nas indústrias do turismo e da hospitalidade lidaram com a pandemia recebeu atenção insuficiente. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é explorar e investigar o impacto da COVID-19 nas mulheres da força de trabalho, especificamente nas indústrias de hospitalidade e turismo na Índia. Foi adotada uma metodologia de estudo qualitativo, e foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade entre 30 mulheres, incluindo funcionários, vendedores em pequena escala e empresários. Uma análise temática dos resultados foi conduzida usando Nvivo-12. Usando a análise temática, doze subtemas foram condensados em três temas principais. O estudo aborda as principais questões das mulheres na força de trabalho em tempo de incerteza e crise e destaca as ações necessárias para o desenvolvimento inclusivo das mulheres na sociedade

Comparative evaluation of sequential and premixed administration of hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl in subarachnoid block for lower limb surgeries – A randomized prospective study

Background: Subarachnoid block is the most commonly used anesthetic technique for lower limb surgeries. Fentanyl is very often combined with hyperbaric bupivacaine as an adjuvant. This study was conducted to compare the block characteristics by administrating bupivacaine and fentanyl in a sequential and premixed manner. Aims and Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the effects of hyperbaric bupivacaine and fentanyl administered either as a premixed solution or sequentially on block characteristics-onset of sensory and motor blockade, regression of block and duration of analgesia. The secondary objective was to study the hemodynamic changes and adverse effects. Materials and Methods: A total of 72 patients scheduled to undergo lower limb surgery were allocated to three groups. Patients in Group A received 15 mg of 0.5 % bupivacaine heavy (H), followed by 25 mcg of fentanyl intrathecally using different syringes. Group B received 25 mcg of fentanyl, followed by 15 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine H in a separate syringe. Group C received premixed 0.5 % bupivacaine H 15 mg and fentanyl 25 mcg in single syringe. The block characteristics-onset and regression of sensory and motor blockade, duration of analgesia, and adverse effects were studied. Results: The mean time (minutes) taken for onset of sensory block was 2.40±0.51 in group A, 4.80±0.53 in Group B and 6.70±0.50 in Group C. Mean time (minutes) taken for onset of motor block was 4.35±0.43 in Group A, while it was 5.64±0.65 and 7.32±0.64 in Groups B and C, respectively. Two segment regression and duration of motor blockade were found to be longer in Group A. Conclusion: Sequential intrathecal administration of bupivacaine followed by fentanyl has a faster onset and prolonged duration of block when compared to the premixed group

Mutation spectrum of the CYP1B1 gene in Indian primary congenital glaucoma patients

Purpose: The human Cytochrome P450 gene CYP1B1 has been implicated in primary congenital glaucoma worldwide. The aim of this study was to understand the role of CYP1B1 mutations in causing primary congenital glaucoma in Indian populations. Methods: The study included 64 new and unrelated cases of primary congenital glaucoma from different ethnic groups of India. Direct sequencing screened the coding and the promoter regions of CYP1B1. Results: Sixteen pathogenic mutations were observed in 24 cases, of which 7 were novel. These included two frameshift mutations leading to deletions of 23 bp (g.3905del23bp) and 2 bp (g.7900-7901delCG) in exons II and III, respectively. Four novel missense mutations viz. A115P, M132R, Q144P, S239R were noted in exon II, and one in exon III (G466D), whose residue is a part of the "signature sequence" (NH2-FXXGXXXCXG-COOH) and is present in all heme binding cytochromes. Overall, CYP1B1 was involved in 37.50% (24/64) cases and homozygosity of the mutant allele was seen in 29.68% (19/64) and compound heterozygosity in 3.12% (2/64) of the cases, respectively. The frequency of CYP1B1 mutations was comparatively lower than Saudi Arabian, Slovakian Gypsys, and Turkish populations, largely due to genetic heterogeneity and ethnic diversities in Indian populations. Genotype-phenotype correlation indicated variable prognosis that could be due to the type of mutation, leading to alteration of CYP1B1 protein. Conclusions: This study provides a mutation spectrum of CYP1B1 causing primary congenital glaucoma in Indian populations that has implications in devising molecular diagnostics for rapid screening

Impact of radiographer immediate reporting of X-rays of the chest from general practice on the lung cancer pathway (radioX): a randomised controlled trial

The National Optimal Lung Cancer Pathway recommends rapid progression from abnormal chest X-rays (CXRs) to CT. The impact of the more rapid reporting on the whole pathway is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of immediate reporting of CXRs requested by primary care by radiographers on the time to diagnosis of lung cancer. METHOD: People referred for CXR from primary care to a single acute district general hospital in London attended sessions that were prerandomised to either immediate radiographer (IR) reporting or standard radiographer (SR) reporting within 24 hours. CXRs were subsequently reported by radiologists blind to the radiographer reports to test the reliability of the radiographer report. Radiographer and local radiologist discordant cases were reviewed by thoracic radiologists, blinded to reporter. RESULTS: 8682 CXRs were performed between 21 June 2017 and 4 August 2018, 4096 (47.2%) for IR and 4586 (52.8%) for SR. Lung cancer was diagnosed in 49, with 27 (55.1%) for IR. The median time from CXR to diagnosis of lung cancer for IR was 32 days (IQR 19, 70) compared with 63 days (IQR 29, 78) for SR (p=0.03).8258 CXRs (95.1%) were reported by both radiographers and local radiologists. In the 1361 (16.5%) with discordance, the reviewing thoracic radiologists were equally likely to agree with local radiologist and radiographer reports. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate reporting of CXRs from primary care reduces time to diagnosis of lung cancer by half, likely due to rapid progress to CT. Radiographer reports are comparable to local radiologist reports for accuracy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN21818068. Registered on 20 June 2017

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

XVI Agricultural Science Congress 2023: Transformation of Agri-Food Systems for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals

The XVI Agricultural Science Congress being jointly organized by the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) during 10-13 October 2023, at hotel Le Meridien, Kochi, is a mega event echoing the theme “Transformation of Agri-Food Systems for achieving Sustainable Development Goals”. ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute takes great pride in hosting the XVI ASC, which will be the perfect point of convergence of academicians, researchers, students, farmers, fishers, traders, entrepreneurs, and other stakeholders involved in agri-production systems that ensure food and nutritional security for a burgeoning population. With impeding challenges like growing urbanization, increasing unemployment, growing population, increasing food demands, degradation of natural resources through human interference, climate change impacts and natural calamities, the challenges ahead for India to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set out by the United Nations are many. The XVI ASC will provide an interface for dissemination of useful information across all sectors of stakeholders invested in developing India’s agri-food systems, not only to meet the SDGs, but also to ensure a stable structure on par with agri-food systems around the world. It is an honour to present this Book of Abstracts which is a compilation of a total of 668 abstracts that convey the results of R&D programs being done in India. The abstracts have been categorized under 10 major Themes – 1. Ensuring Food & Nutritional Security: Production, Consumption and Value addition; 2. Climate Action for Sustainable Agri-Food Systems; 3. Frontier Science and emerging Genetic Technologies: Genome, Breeding, Gene Editing; 4. Livestock-based Transformation of Food Systems; 5. Horticulture-based Transformation of Food Systems; 6. Aquaculture & Fisheries-based Transformation of Food Systems; 7. Nature-based Solutions for Sustainable AgriFood Systems; 8. Next Generation Technologies: Digital Agriculture, Precision Farming and AI-based Systems; 9. Policies and Institutions for Transforming Agri-Food Systems; 10. International Partnership for Research, Education and Development. This Book of Abstracts sets the stage for the mega event itself, which will see a flow of knowledge emanating from a zeal to transform and push India’s Agri-Food Systems to perform par excellence and achieve not only the SDGs of the UN but also to rise as a world leader in the sector. I thank and congratulate all the participants who have submitted abstracts for this mega event, and I also applaud the team that has strived hard to publish this Book of Abstracts ahead of the event. I wish all the delegates and participants a very vibrant and memorable time at the XVI ASC

Multiwavelength Picture of the Blazar S5 0716+714 during Its Brightest Outburst

S5 0716+714 is a well known BL Lac object, and one of the brightest and most active blazars. The discovery in the Very High Energy band (VHE, E > 100 GeV) by MAGIC happened in 2008. In January 2015, the source went through the brightest optical state ever observed, triggering MAGIC follow-up and a VHE detection with ∼ 13σ significance (ATel ♯6999 ). Rich multiwavelength coverage of the flare allowed us to construct the broad-band spectral energy distribution of S5 0716+714 during its brightest outburst. In this work, we will present the preliminary analysis of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT data of the flaring activity in January and February 2015 for the HE (0.1 < HE < 300 GeV) and VHE band, together with radio (Metsähovi, OVRO, VLBA, Effelsberg), sub-millimeter (SMA), optical (Tuorla, Perkins, Steward, AZT-8+ST7, LX-200, Kanata), X-ray and UV (Swift-XRT and UVOT), in the same time-window and discuss the time variability of the multiwavelength light curves during this impressive outburst.</p

All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory: Exploring the Extreme Multimessenger Universe

The All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory (AMEGO) is a probe class mission concept that will provide essential contributions to multimessenger astrophysics in the late 2020s and beyond. AMEGO combines high sensitivity in the 200 keV to 10 GeV energy range with a wide field of view, good spectral resolution, and polarization sensitivity. Therefore, AMEGO is key in the study of multimessenger astrophysical objects that have unique signatures in the gamma-ray regime, such as neutron star mergers, supernovae, and flaring active galactic nuclei. The order-of-magnitude improvement compared to previous MeV missions also enables discoveries of a wide range of phenomena whose energy output peaks in the relatively unexplored medium-energy gamma-ray band

Effects of antiplatelet therapy after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (RESTART): a randomised, open-label trial

Background: Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of major vascular events for people with occlusive vascular disease, although it might increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. Patients surviving the commonest subtype of intracranial haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, are at risk of both haemorrhagic and occlusive vascular events, but whether antiplatelet therapy can be used safely is unclear. We aimed to estimate the relative and absolute effects of antiplatelet therapy on recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage and whether this risk might exceed any reduction of occlusive vascular events. Methods: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. We recruited adults (≥18 years) who were taking antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant) therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage, discontinued antithrombotic therapy, and survived for 24 h. Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. We followed participants for the primary outcome (recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage) for up to 5 years. We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). Findings: Between May 22, 2013, and May 31, 2018, 537 participants were recruited a median of 76 days (IQR 29–146) after intracerebral haemorrhage onset: 268 were assigned to start and 269 (one withdrew) to avoid antiplatelet therapy. Participants were followed for a median of 2·0 years (IQR [1·0– 3·0]; completeness 99·3%). 12 (4%) of 268 participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had recurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage compared with 23 (9%) of 268 participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0·51 [95% CI 0·25–1·03]; p=0·060). 18 (7%) participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy experienced major haemorrhagic events compared with 25 (9%) participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (0·71 [0·39–1·30]; p=0·27), and 39 [15%] participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had major occlusive vascular events compared with 38 [14%] allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (1·02 [0·65–1·60]; p=0·92). Interpretation: These results exclude all but a very modest increase in the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy for patients on antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage. The risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage is probably too small to exceed the established benefits of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention