THE EFFECT OF 8 WEEK TENNIS TECHNICAL TRAINING AND GAMES ON REACTION TIME IN 10-12 YEAR OLD BOYS

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of tennis technique training and games on reaction times of 10-12 years old boys. For this study, 40 subjects who did not perform any physical activity volunteered. Subjects randomly assigned two groups: Experimental group: 20, control group: 20. The experimental group was subjected to 8 week three days a week and 60 minute per session tennis and education with games training program modified according to relevant age group. The control group did not participate any physical activity. Visual, auditory and mix reaction times were measured by Newtest 1000 reaction timer. Subjects’ reaction times were measured twice before and after training program. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for analysis of the data obtained from the study. Independent Sample T test was used for comparison between groups, and paired samples t test was analyzed at p <0.05 significance level. As a result of the study, there was no difference in the control group, and after eight weeks of tenement-specific games and technical training, the research group revealed significant changes between auditory, visual and mixed reaction times in both hands.  Article visualizations

Changes In Various Hormone Levels In The Rabbit Traumatic Facial Nerve Injury Model

WOS: 000493730200005Objectives: We aimed to look into potential associations between specific biomarkers and trauma to Cranial Nerve VII (CNVII) in a rabbit model, focusing on whether endocrine studies have potential as biomarkers in this context. Methods: 30 adult New Zealand rabbits with intact facial muscles were used for the research. Each animal underwent identical surgery by the same surgeon. The facial nerve divisions were exposed by incising below the level of the mandible. After dissection of the skin and subcutaneous layers, the buccal division of CNVII was located with the nerve stimulator and microscopic dissection and a section of nerve 10mm long was excised in each case from the buccal branch of CNVII. Blood samples were drawn 8 weeks and 12 weeks after nerve injury had been surgically induced. The samples from day 1, week 4 and week 8 were tested for the following levels: Testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone, free T3 and T4, Cancer antigen 19-9 (Ca19-9), folate, TPSA, FPSA, FSH, LH, CA15.3, CAE, AFP and prolactin. Results: The levels of free T3 and T4 as well as testosterone, were down at 4th week, but at 8 weeks each had increased. Ca19-9 levels were also above the baseline. At 4 weeks, whilst oestrogen had markedly risen, progesterone had fallen. The statistical significance of the change in levels of free T3 and T4, testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone and FPSA was evaluated. For the group of animals with induced paralysis, the association between the lesion and testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone, free T3 and T4, Ca19-9, and folate levels were strong and at the level of statistical significance. Conclusion: There were statistically significant alterations in the serum levels of free T3 and T4, testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone and FPSA at the 4 and 8 week intervals post surgically-induced CNVII injury. It is likely that rabbit pathophysiology resembles human pathophysiology in nervous injury, hence these six biomarkers may be of value in managing trauma or idiopathic degeneration of CNVII in humans. The authors hope this study will pave the way for future research in this area

The Effect of N-butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate on Wound Healing in the Head and Neck Region

WOS: 000493732700005Objective: The study compares the histological appearances of an induced open wound injury as it heals in rabbits, where healing was assisted by either Batticon (a topical antiseptic solution), or Glubran (a surgical glue). Materials And Methods: The study protocol was first approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Cukurova University. Twenty-eight rabbits with a weight of between 3 and 4kg, of female sex, were subjected to handling every day for a fortnight preceding the experimental injury so that they could be behaviourally assessed. Seven of the 28 rabbits acted as controls, with the 21 others put into one of 3 groups, depending on the day they were to be sacrificed. For the control animals, a portion of the external ear was excised and examined histologically alongside the intervention group animals, to allow comparisons to be made. The intervention group underwent exposure of a 1cm2 area of epidermis bilaterally. The resulting open injury was then treated on one side with topical antisepis using Batticon and on the other with the Glubran tissue glue. At days 2, 4 and 6 post-surgery, the rabbits were sacrificed and sections of the open wound were viewed with the electron microscope. The control group was also examined histologically for comparison. Results: The sections from ears treated with Glubran had electron microscopic appearances indicative of more extensive regeneration than those where Batticon was used at days 2, 4 and 6. Conclusion: The results of the study show that N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Glubran) is suitable for the treatment of open injuries to the head or neck

A comparison of three different needles used for spinal anesthesia in terms of squamous epithelial cell transport risk

Background and objectives: To investigate the differences in the number of squamous epithelial cells carried to the spinal canal by three different types of spinal needle tip of the same size. Methods: Patients were allocated into three groups (Group I, Group II, Group III). Spinal anesthesia was administered to Group I (n = 50) using a 25G Quincke needle, to Group II (n = 50) using a 25G pencil point spinal needle, and to Group III (n = 50) using a non-cutting atraumatic needle with special bending. The first and third drops of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken from each patient and each drop was placed on a slide for cytological examination. Nucleated and non-nucleated squamous epithelial cells on the smear preparations were counted. Results: There was statistically significant difference between the groups in respect to the number of squamous epithelial cells in the first drop (p  0.05 for each group). Conclusions: In this study of different needle tips, it was seen that with atraumatic needle with special bending a significantly smaller number of cells were transported when compared to the Quincke tip needles, and with pencil point needles. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivo: Investigar as diferenças no número de células epiteliais escamosas transportadas para o canal medular por três tipos diferentes de pontas de agulhas espinhais do mesmo tamanho. Métodos: Os pacientes foram alocados em três grupos (Grupo I, Grupo II, Grupo III). Raquianestesia foi administrada aos pacientes do Grupo I (n = 50) com agulha Quincke de 25G, do Grupo II (n = 50) com agulha espinhal ponta de lápis de 25G e do Grupo III (n = 50) com agulha atraumática não cortante de curvatura especial. A primeira e terceira gotas de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) foram colhidas de cada paciente para amostra e cada gota foi colocada em lâmina para exame citológico. As células epiteliais escamosas nucleadas e não nucleadas sobre as lâminas de esfregaço foram contadas. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação ao número de células epiteliais escamosas na primeira gota (p  0,05, para cada grupo). Conclusões: Neste estudo de pontas de agulha diferentes, verificamos que com a agulha atraumática de curvatura especial o número de células transportadas foi significativamente menor, em comparação com as agulhas Quincke e ponta de lápis. Keywords: Spinal anesthesia, Cerebrospinal fluid, Spinal needles, Epithelial cells, Palavras-chave: Raquianestesia, Líquido cefalorraquidiano, Agulhas espinhais, Células epiteliai

Predictors of fatality in pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection among adults

Background: The fatality attributed to pandemic influenza A H1N1 was not clear in the literature. We described the predictors for fatality related to pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection among hospitalized adult patients

Predictors of fatality in pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection among adults

Background: The fatality attributed to pandemic influenza A H1N1 was not clear in the literature. We described the predictors for fatality related to pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection among hospitalized adult patients