Symmetric Composite Laminate Stress Analysis

It is demonstrated that COSMIC/NASTRAN may be used to analyze plate and shell structures made of symmetric composite laminates. Although general composite laminates cannot be analyzed using NASTRAN, the theoretical development presented herein indicates that the integrated constitutive laws of a symmetric composite laminate resemble those of a homogeneous anisotropic plate, which can be analyzed using NASTRAN. A detailed analysis procedure is presented, as well as an illustrative example

Modular inflated shells – a computational approach

This paper presents the results of the first phase of work on developing computational model of inflated modular shells. This type of bending active structures is composed of relatively small, modular inflatable cushions combined with cables and crossbraces. The structure is self-erecting. Introduction of tension to the cable gives it shape and load carrying capacity. The initial experiments confirmed their technological feasibility. At the present stage the relationship between tensile force in the cable, and the initial deformation of the structure were analyzed. Modular shell was approximated by an elastic rod. The impact of the internal structure of the coating on the computational model is the subject of further research

Slave finite element for non-linear analysis of engine structures. Volume 2: Programmer's manual and user's manual

The programming aspects of SFENES are described in the User's Manual. The information presented is provided for the installation programmer. It is sufficient to fully describe the general program logic and required peripheral storage. All element generated data is stored externally to reduce required memory allocation. A separate section is devoted to the description of these files thereby permitting the optimization of Input/Output (I/O) time through efficient buffer descriptions. Individual subroutine descriptions are presented along with the complete Fortran source listings. A short description of the major control, computation, and I/O phases is included to aid in obtaining an overall familiarity with the program's components. Finally, a discussion of the suggested overlay structure which allows the program to execute with a reasonable amount of memory allocation is presented

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CARRIER STATE AND A NOVEL MARKER OF \u3ci\u3eLEPTOSPIRA\u3c/i\u3e AND ABORTION IN CENTRAL KENTUCKY HORSES

Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonotic infection of worldwide importance and affects all mammals. The bacterium is transmitted to animals and humans by urine, fetal membranes and body fluids. Leptospira shedding in the urine contaminates both soil and water, exposing both humans and animals to the bacterium. Leptospirosis in horses can cause abortion and is one of the etiologies of equine recurrent uveitis which can lead to blindness. Equine leptospiral abortion in Central Kentucky is primarily caused by serovar Pomona, with occasional cases attributed to serovar Grippotyphosa. There are a few reports in the literature attributing abortion to serovar Bratislava in the United States. Interestingly, Bratislava has the highest seropositivity in the horse in the United States. Two studies were conducted that are included in this dissertation. The first was to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis in horses located in Central Kentucky submitted for necropsy to the University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Heart, vitreous humor, kidney and urine samples were collected for microagglutination testing (MAT) and real-time PCR (qPCR). Heart blood and vitreous were tested using MAT for serovars Grippotyphosa, Pomona and Bratislava. Kidney, vitreous and urine samples were tested for pathogenic Leptospira by qPCR. MAT test results for heart blood indicated an increased seroprevalence for Bratislava as compared to Grippotyphosa and Pomona. Three horses had positive titers for serovar Bratislava in vitreous and heart blood samples. All urine samples tested negative by qPCR, and only one kidney sample had a weak positive result. Four vitreous samples tested positive for leptospirosis by qPCR, but all samples were negative upon MAT testing. No samples with positive MAT titers were positive by qPCR for any of the samples tested. Females were more likely to have positive MAT titers and were considerably older than males. MAT titers in females were also significantly higher as compared males. Finally, there was widespread seroprevalence in horses, regardless of the reason for necropsy submission. This suggests that exposure to Leptospira on Central Kentucky horse farms is common and the risk of exposure to humans and other animals is possible. The second study evaluated the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its potential as a marker for abortion in pregnant mares with elevated MAT titers. HO-1 is the rate-limiting step in the breakdown and degradation of heme to carbon monoxide, free iron and biliverdin, which is converted to bilirubin. Increased levels of HO-1 and its’ by-products are upregulated during inflammation and sepsis. HO-1 together with its by-products are essential in protecting the body from both increased inflammation and in reducing the risk of sepsis in humans, mice and rats. HO-1 together with its by-products are also essential in helping maintain pregnancy in humans, mice and rats. HO-1 in the serum of horses has not been previously investigated. The presence of HO-1 in the serum of healthy non-pregnant mares (NPM), pregnant mares throughout pregnancy (PMOT), pregnant mares 7 months pregnant with and without placentitis (PM) and pregnant mares with high MAT titers (MATS) was investigated. HO-1 levels in both NPM and PMOT were lower than PM, and significantly lower than MATS. Pregnancy alone increased HO-1, the same has been shown in other mammals and humans. Additionally, mares pregnant with elevated leptospiral titers had significantly higher HO-1 levels compared to other mares. This indicates that both pregnancy and high MAT titers increase the animals’ HO-1 response. Further investigation of HO-1 in horses is needed to ascertain its’ importance during infection and/or pregnancy and potential therapeutics

Adapting Writing Center Pedagogy for Composition Classrooms: A Metacognitive Approach

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)While a writing center tutor may view her role as a coach, a commentator, and a counselor, the tutor actually serves as scaffolding, a temporary, supportive replacement of the processes more experienced writers can manage alone without a tutor, namely, the metacognitive processes of self-assessing, self-monitoring, and self-motivating. Metacognition then becomes the essential factor in adapting writing center practices into the composition classroom. By re-conceptualizing the three roles of a writing center tutor and re-visioning the classroom into a more “pure” learning space, tutor-teachers improve students’ writing skills, increase their engagement, and redirect students’ focus toward the writing process rather than the grade. To demonstrate the efficacy of this adapted writing center approach in the composition classroom, I created an authentic, challenging project in which the pre-project activities, task design, work process, and reflection assignment enact my proposed theory. By adopting this approach, tutor-teachers ultimately empower students and design compositional tasks that act as a catalyst for transforming the way students understand themselves as writers and as students

The gene map of the rabbit. III. α and β casein gene synteny

We are developing the gene map of the rabbit using DNA probes which allow us to investigate non-expressed genes. We have characterized an α and β casein gene synteny have found that neither the α and β casein genes nor the whey acidic protein gene have a syntenic relationship with the other chromosome markers already investigated in our laboratory. Moreover, with the β casein probe we have detected a simple allelic Eco RI restriction-site polymorphism.Nous développons la carte génique du lapin en utilisant des sondes d’ADN cloné qui, par hybridation moléculaire, permettent de caractériser les gènes indépendamment de leur expression. Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous avons mis en évidence une synténie entre les gènes de la caséine α et de la caséine β. Aucune relation de synténie n’a été observée entre les gènes des caséines α et β, ou le gène de la protéine acide du lactosérum et les autres marqueurs chromosomiques déjà étudiés au laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus avec la sonde caséine β montrent un polymorphisme au locus de ce gène sous la dépendance d’un couple d’allèles

Localization of leucocyte interferon gene in the q2.5 region of pig chromosomel by in situ hybridization

Using in situ hybridization and the random primer method to label the probe, we reduced the region of localization of leukocyte interferon gene on pig chromosome 1 from (q2.2 - q2.7) to q2.5.L’utilisation en hybridation in situ de la sonde correspondant au gène de l’interféron α, marquée par le système d’amorces oligonucléotidiques, a permis de réduire la zone de localisation de ce gène sur le chromosome 1 du porc de la région q2.2 - > q2.7 à la région q2.5

Cytogénétique et génétique des lignées cellulaires des animaux domestiques

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