Herstellung und Analyse einer Maus mit gezielter Inaktivierung des TRH-DE Gens

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Protective Effect of Dual-Strain Probiotics in Preterm Infants: A Multi-Center Time Series Analysis

Objective To determine the effect of dual-strain probiotics on the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), mortality and nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) in preterm infants in German neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Design A multi-center interrupted time series analysis. Setting 44 German NICUs with routine use of dual-strain probiotics on neonatal ward level. Patients Preterm infants documented by NEO-KISS, the German surveillance system for nosocomial infections in preterm infants with birth weights below 1,500 g, between 2004 and 2014. Intervention Routine use of dual-strain probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. (Infloran) on the neonatal ward level. Main outcome measures Incidences of NEC, overall mortality, mortality following NEC and nosocomial BSI. Results Data from 10,890 preterm infants in 44 neonatal wards was included in this study. Incidences of NEC and BSI were 2.5% (n = 274) and 15.0%, (n = 1631), respectively. Mortality rate was 6.1% (n = 665). The use of dual-strain probiotics significantly reduced the risk of NEC (HR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.38–0.62), overall mortality (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.44–0.83), mortality after NEC (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.26–0.999) and nosocomial BSI (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81–0.98). These effects were even more pronounced in the subgroup analysis of preterm infants with birth weights below 1,000 g. Conclusion In order to reduce NEC and mortality in preterm infants, it is advisable to add routine prophylaxis with dual-strain probiotics to clinical practice in neonatal wards

Асинхронный электропривод охладителя агломерата

Цель работы: модернизация электропривода охладителя агломерата посредством замены электропривода постоянного тока на современный асинхронный электропривод с частотным управлением. Сделан расчет с последующим выбором приводного двигателя; питающего преобразователя частоты, а также были рассчитаны и определенны параметры силовой цепи. Был выбран и обоснован выбор способ управления, рассчитаны и построены электромеханические и механические характеристики. Методом имитационного моделирования были исследованы процессы переходные в основных режимах работы электропривода.Objective: Modernization of sinter cooler by replacing the electric DC motor drive with a modern asynchronous electric drive with frequency control. It is followed by calculation of one for the drive motor; feeding the frequency converter, and also were calculated and determining the parameters of the main circuit. It was selected and justified choice of control method, designed and built electromechanical and mechanical characteristics. The method of simulation processes were investigated in the transient basic modes of operation of the actuator

Методы оценки ценностного предложения предприятия

Ценностное предложение является эксклюзивным конкурентным преимуществом предприятия. Организация пытается решить проблемы и удовлетворить потребности клиентов через ценностное предложение, поэтому очень важно оценить его для понимания факторов, влияющих на конкурентоспособность компании. Основные принципы ценностного предложения, а также методы оценки ценностного предложения будут описаны в данной статье

CRX Is a Diagnostic Marker of Retinal and Pineal Lineage Tumors

Background: CRX is a homeobox transcription factor whose expression and function is critical to maintain retinal and pineal lineage cells and their progenitors. To determine the biologic and diagnostic potential of CRX in human tumors of the retina and pineal, we examined its expression in multiple settings. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry we show that Crx RNA and protein expression are exquisitely lineage restricted to retinal and pineal cells during normal mouse and human development. Gene expression profiling analysis of a wide range of human cancers and cancer cell lines also supports that CRX RNA is highly lineage restricted in cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of 22 retinoblastomas and 13 pineal parenchymal tumors demonstrated strong expression of CRX in over 95% of these tumors. Importantly, CRX was not detected in the majority of tumors considered in the differential diagnosis of pineal region tumors (n = 78). The notable exception was medulloblastoma, 40% of which exhibited CRX expression in a heterogeneous pattern readily distinguished from that seen in retino-pineal tumors. Conclusions/Significance: These findings describe new potential roles for CRX in human cancers and highlight the general utility of lineage restricted transcription factors in cancer biology. They also identify CRX as a sensitive and specific clinical marker and a potential lineage dependent therapeutic target in retinoblastoma and pineoblastoma

Organization of the pronephric kidney revealed by large-scale gene expression mapping

Gene expression mapping reveals 8 functionally distinct domains in the Xenopus pronephros. Interestingly, no structure equivalent to the mammalian collecting duct is identified

Large-scale validation of miRNAs by disease association, evolutionary conservation and pathway activity.

The validation of microRNAs (miRNAs) identified by next generation sequencing involves amplification-free and hybridization-based detection of transcripts as criteria for confirming valid miRNAs. Since respective validation is frequently not performed, miRNA repositories likely still contain a substantial fraction of false positive candidates while true miRNAs are not stored in the repositories yet. Especially if downstream analyses are performed with these candidates (e.g. target or pathway prediction), the results may be misleading. In the present study, we evaluated 558 mature miRNAs from miRBase and 1,709 miRNA candidates from next generation sequencing experiments by amplification-free hybridization and investigated their distributions in patients with various disease conditions. Notably, the most significant miRNAs in diseases are often not contained in the miRBase. However, these candidates are evolutionary highly conserved. From the expression patterns, target gene and pathway analyses and evolutionary conservation analyses, we were able to shed light on the complexity of miRNAs in humans. Our data also highlight that a more thorough validation of miRNAs identified by next generation sequencing is required. The results are available in miRCarta ( https://mircarta.cs.uni-saarland.de )

PENGARUH TEKANAN KETAATAN DAN KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS TERHADAP AUDIT JUDGMENT (Survey Terhadap Lima Kantor AkuntanPublik di Kota Bandung)

ABSTRAK Seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa seorang auditor dalam melakukan tugasnya membuat audit judgment dipengaruhi banyak faktor, baik bersifat teknis dan non teknis. Salah satu faktor non teknis adalah aspek perilaku individual. Aspek perilaku individu, sebagai salah satu faktor yang banyak mempengaruhi pembuatan audit judgment. Pada penelitian ini ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi audit judgment yaitu tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas. Dalam penelitian ini penullis ingin mengetahui sejauh mana “tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment”. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment. Hipotesis yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah “ jika tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas baik, maka audit judgment akan meningkat ( baik pula)”. Hipotesis ini berdasarkan asumsi bahwa tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas berpengaruh terhadap audit judgment.dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif asosiatif dengan pendekatan survey dan tes statistik. Penelitian ini terdiri dari atas variabel X1 dan X2 dan audit judgment sebagai veriabel Y atau variabel independen. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan mengolah data dari hasil jawaban kuesioner. Dalam penelitian ini, peulis menyebarkan angket kepada 5 Kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Bandung khusunya untuk para auditor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner yang telah diuji validitasnya dan reabilitasnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 5 KAP di Kota Bandung. Pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan purposive sampling berukuran 28 orang responden. Untuk uji hipotesis penelitian, penulis melakukannya dengan uji t untuk masing-masing variabel X1,X2, dan Y. Dari hasil uji tHitung tekanan ketaatan terhadap audit judgment tHitung =4,178>ttabel = 1.705 kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment 5 tHitung = 3.364 > ttabel = 1,705. Maka, dari hasil uji hipotesis tersebut penulis menyimpulkan bahwa hipotesis penelitian diterima (Ho ditolak, Ha diterima) artinya terdapat pengaruh antara terkanan ketaatan terhadap audit judgment dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment Untuk mencari besarnya pengaruh Tekanan ketaatan dan Kompleksitas Tugas terhadap Audit Judgment secara simultan penulis melakukannya dengan uji f dengan koefisien determinasi (KD). Dari hasil uji fhitung dan > f table yaitu 16,182>3,370. Kata kunci : Tekanan Ketaatan dan Kompleksitas tugas Terhadap Audit Judgmen

Common diseases alter the physiological age-related blood microRNA profile

Aging is a key risk factor for chronic diseases of the elderly. MicroRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene silencing through base-pair binding on their target mRNAs. We identified nonlinear changes in age-related microRNAs by analyzing whole blood from 1334 healthy individuals. We observed a larger influence of the age as compared to the sex and provide evidence for a shift to the 5' mature form of miRNAs in healthy aging. The addition of 3059 diseased patients uncovered pan-disease and disease-specific alterations in aging profiles. Disease biomarker sets for all diseases were different between young and old patients. Computational deconvolution of whole-blood miRNAs into blood cell types suggests that cell intrinsic gene expression changes may impart greater significance than cell abundance changes to the whole blood miRNA profile. Altogether, these data provide a foundation for understanding the relationship between healthy aging and disease, and for the development of age-specific disease biomarkers