Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles: Benchmark II

In this second international permeability benchmark, the in-plane permeability values of a carbon fabric were studied by twelve research groups worldwide. One participant also investigated the deformation of the tested carbon fabric. The aim of this work was to obtain comparable results in order to make a step toward standardization of permeability measurements. Unidirectional injections were thus conducted to determine the unsaturated in-plane permeability tensor of the fabric. Procedures used by participants were specified in the guidelines defined for this benchmark. Participants were asked to use the same values for parameters such as fiber volume fraction, injection pressure and fluid viscosity to minimize sources of scatter. The comparison of the results from each participant was encouraging. The scatter between data obtained while respecting the guidelines was below 25%. However, a higher dispersion was observed when some parameters differed from the recommendations of this exercise.The authors are grateful to J.M. Beraud from Hexcel Fabrics for his support that made possible this exercise. The contributions of J.B. Alms, N.C. Correia, S. Advani, E. Ruiz and P.C.T. Goncalves to the preparation of the guidelines document and templates are acknowledged by the participants of this benchmark.Vernet, N.; Ruiz, E.; Advani, S.; Alms, JB.; Aubert, M.; Barburski, M.; Barari, B.... (2014). Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles: Benchmark II. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 61:172-184. doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.02.010S1721846

A self-consisted CFD-model for pressurized high temperature black liquor gasification

High temperature pressurised black liquor gasification has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of energy and chemical recovery in the pulping industry. However, a lack of demonstration of the reliability of the process has delayed its large scale industrial implementation. As an important step towards a greater trust in the process reliability, a self-consistent CFD model has been developed. This paper contains a detailed description of the model and a performance prediction of an entrained flow pilot gasifier for a typical operational condition. Emphasis is put on the modelling of input data for the CFD simulation where eight key assumptions form the basis for a consistent model of the black liquor composition. The results for the pilot gasifier performance with typical values for the design variables indicate that the droplet size should be <200 μm and/or have a residence time of 2-3 s for a high level of carbon conversion.Godkänd; 2008; Bibliografisk uppgift: Paper id:: 200801; 20090506 (ysko