«Le Symboliste», une revue littéraire de courte vie mais de grande importance

The first issue of the literary weekly «Le Symboliste» came out on October 7th 1886. The journal ceased publication, after only four issues, on October 30th that same year. It was founded by Gustave Kahn, managing editor, Paul Adam, editorial secretary, and Jean Moréas, editor-in-chief. Many writers and intellectuals contributed to the lively debate contained in its pages. The aim of the following article is to point out the importance the magazine had in the literary revolution of Symbolism by offering a detailed analysis of the contributions made by all those who worked on the journal. This analysis helps us understand the construction process of the Symbolist movement aesthetics and appreciate the varied character it showed from the very start.Il 7 ottobre 1886 viene pubblicato il primo numero del settimanale letterario «Le Symboliste», che uscirà in soli quattro numeri fino al 30 ottobre 1886. La rivista è creata da Gustave Kahn, direttore, Paul Adam, segretario di redazione e da Jean Moréas nel ruolo di redattore capo; ma diversi scrittori e intellettuali animano il dibattito all’interno delle pagine. Il presente articolo si propone di evidenziare l’importanza che questa rivista ha avuto nello sviluppo della rivoluzione letteraria del Simbolismo, attraverso l’analisi approfondita dei contributi di tutti i suoi collaboratori. Tale analisi ci consente di comprendere il processo di costruzione dell’estetica del movimento simbolista e inoltre di coglierne il carattere eterogeneo già presente fin dai suoi esordi

Government policies to enhance access to credit for infrastructure-based PPPs:an approach to classification and appraisal

Analysis of ways the public sector can ease the use of private money for infrastructure financing

ΔNp63-mediated regulation of hyaluronic acid metabolism and signaling supports HNSCC tumorigenesis

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and several molecular pathways that underlie the molecular tumorigenesis of HNSCC have been identified. Among them, amplification or overexpression of ΔNp63 isoforms is observed in the majority of HNSCCs. Here, we unveiled a ΔNp63-dependent transcriptional program able to regulate the metabolism and the signaling of hyaluronic acid (HA), the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We found that ∆Np63 is capable of sustaining the production of HA levels in cell culture and in vivo by regulating the expression of the HA synthase HAS3 and two hyaluronidase genes, HYAL-1 and HYAL-3. In addition, ∆Np63 directly regulates the expression of CD44, the major HA cell membrane receptor. By controlling this transcriptional program, ∆Np63 sustains the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGF-R) activation and the expression of ABCC1 multidrug transporter gene, thus contributing to tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance. Importantly, p63 expression is positively correlated with CD44, HAS3, and ABCC1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma datasets and p63-HA pathway is a negative prognostic factor of HNSCC patient survival. Altogether, our data shed light on a ∆Np63-dependent pathway functionally important to the regulation of HNSCC progression

Insights into the phonetic system of 21st century Falkland Islands English

Falkland Islands English (FIE) constitutes one of the least investigated Southern Hemisphere English varieties. According to the limited literature available, English seems to have been established as a koinè among the different groups of foreign seasonal workers who temporarily populated the islands along with missionaries and pensioners in the mid-nineteenth century. Today, more than half of the population is settled, although many regularly travel to England to study or work. Falkland Island English has therefore become increasingly closer to British English, losing the subtle types of variation that characterized the original variety. To date, the few existing studies on the specific phonological characteristics of Falkland Island English seem to indicate that the formation of a new dialect did not occur despite the fact that ideal conditions existed (Trudgill 2004). This paper aims to offer empirical insights into the contemporary use of FIE based on the analysis of data collected from online video recordings of conversations of various Falkland Islanders. The data analysed include a number of conversations and speeches by five adults, three female and two male native Falkland Islanders, key figures in local media broadcasts. Attention was paid to certain phonological features identified in the literature as distinctive of this variety of English to see if they were indeed still present in the inhabitants’ speech. The results were then compared with other variants of the English language in the Southern Hemisphere. It emerged that the contemporary use of FIE actually shows characteristics that are increasingly closer to the original, distancing the possibility of koineization, in contrast to what happened to the other varieties in the Southern Hemisphere which instead are fully focused (Le Page, Tabouret-Keller 1985). Despite the considerable limitations of the study, including the small number of speakers and the formality of the medium, the present analysis offers an empirical contribution on the contemporary use of Falkland Island English and at the same time highlights the need for further investigation into the forms and structures of the Falkland Island variety in informal and local contexts

Insights into the phonetic system of 21st century Falkland Islands English

Falkland Islands English (FIE) constitutes one of the least investigated Southern Hemisphere English varieties. According to the limited literature available, English seems to have been established as a koinè among the different groups of foreign seasonal workers who temporarily populated the islands along with missionaries and pensioners in the mid-nineteenth century. Today, more than half of the population is settled, although many regularly travel to England to study or work. Falkland Island English has therefore become increasingly closer to British English, losing the subtle types of variation that characterized the original variety. To date, the few existing studies on the specific phonological characteristics of Falkland Island English seem to indicate that the formation of a new dialect did not occur despite the fact that ideal conditions existed (Trudgill 2004). This paper aims to offer empirical insights into the contemporary use of FIE based on the analysis of data collected from online video recordings of conversations of various Falkland Islanders. The data analysed include a number of conversations and speeches by five adults, three female and two male native Falkland Islanders, key figures in local media broadcasts. Attention was paid to certain phonological features identified in the literature as distinctive of this variety of English to see if they were indeed still present in the inhabitants’ speech. The results were then compared with other variants of the English language in the Southern Hemisphere. It emerged that the contemporary use of FIE actually shows characteristics that are increasingly closer to the original, distancing the possibility of koineization, in contrast to what happened to the other varieties in the Southern Hemisphere which instead are fully focused (Le Page, Tabouret-Keller 1985). Despite the considerable limitations of the study, including the small number of speakers and the formality of the medium, the present analysis offers an empirical contribution on the contemporary use of Falkland Island English and at the same time highlights the need for further investigation into the forms and structures of the Falkland Island variety in informal and local contexts

Altered fronto-striatal functions in the Gdi1 -null mouse model of X-linked Intellectual Disability

RAB-GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 (GDI1) loss-of-function mutations are responsible for a form of non-specific X-linked Intellectual Disability (XLID) where the only clinical feature is cognitive impairment. GDI1 patients are impaired in specific aspects of executive functions and conditioned response, which are controlled by fronto-striatal circuitries. Previous molecular and behavioral characterization of the Gdi1-null mouse revealed alterations in the total number/distribution of hippocampal and cortical synaptic vesicles as well as hippocampal short-term synaptic plasticity, and memory deficits. In this study, we employed cognitive protocols with high translational validity to human condition that target the functionality of cortico-striatal circuitry such as attention and stimulus selection ability with progressive degree of complexity. We previously showed that Gdi1-null mice are impaired in some hippocampus-dependent forms of associative learning assessed by aversive procedures. Here, using appetitive-conditioning procedures we further investigated associative learning deficits sustained by the fronto-striatal system. We report that Gdi1-null mice are impaired in attention and associative learning processes, which are a key part of the cognitive impairment observed in XLID patients

Psoriasis induced by first‑line pembrolizumab in metastatic non‑small cell lung cancer: a case report

: Therapeutic options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immunotherapy is generally well tolerated, but can also be associated with severe adverse events, such as the development of new autoimmune diseases. In patients without a history of autoimmune diseases, psoriasis caused by immunotherapy treatment is rarely described in the literature. The present study describes the case of a 68-year-old man with metastatic NSCLC that started chemoimmunotherapy with carboplatin plus pemetrexed plus pembrolizumab. After two cycles of therapy, the patient developed a G3 maculopapular rash. Biopsy confirmed psoriasis and pembrolizumab treatment was discontinued. At the last follow up, the patient was still on maintenance therapy with pemetrexed alone, which is well tolerated. Psoriasis has rarely been reported as an immune-related adverse event. Although the patient had to stop the immunotherapy treatment, the patient is still exhibiting a response to it. Notably, it has previously been described how skin toxicities are associated with a better outcome. Other studies need to be conducted to identify the risk and predictive factors associated with severe immune adverse events and objective response

Orbital-selective metal skin induced by alkali-metal-dosing Mott-insulating Ca2RuO4

Doped Mott insulators are the starting point for interesting physics such as high temperature superconductivity and quantum spin liquids. For multi-band Mott insulators, orbital selective ground states have been envisioned. However, orbital selective metals and Mott insulators have been difficult to realize experimentally. Here we demonstrate by photoemission spectroscopy how Ca$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$, upon alkali-metal surface doping, develops a single-band metal skin. Our dynamical mean field theory calculations reveal that homogeneous electron doping of Ca$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$ results in a multi-band metal. All together, our results provide evidence for an orbital-selective Mott insulator breakdown, which is unachievable via simple electron doping. Supported by a cluster model and cluster perturbation theory calculations, we demonstrate a type of skin metal-insulator transition induced by surface dopants that orbital-selectively hybridize with the bulk Mott state and in turn produce coherent in-gap states

Determinants of the cost of capital for privately financed hospital projects in the UK

Many governments make use of private finance contracts to deliver healthcare infrastructure. Previous work has shown that the rate of return to investors in these markets often exceeds the efficient level. Our focus is on the factors that influence that return. We examine the effect of macroeconomic, project- and firm-level variables using a detailed sample of 84 UK private finance initiative (PFI) contracts signed between 1997 and 2010. Of the above variables, macroeconomic conditions and lead sponsor size are related to the investor return. However, our results show a remarkable degree of stability in the return to investors over the 14-year period. We find evidence of a ‘prevailing norm’ that is robust to project- and firm-level variation. The sustainability of excess returns over a long period is indicative of a concentrated market structure. We argue that policymakers should consider new mechanisms for increasing competition in the equity market, while ensuring that authorities have the specialist resources required to negotiate efficient contract prices