Abordaje de la violencia doméstica desde la interdisciplina : Experiencia de trabajo de la Oficina de Violencia Doméstica (OVD)- La Pampa

La complejidad que plantea la problemática de la violencia nos interpela constantemente, habilitando la necesidad de un análisis interdisciplinar. Trascender los muros de una única disciplina y pensar la violencia desde múltiples dimensiones, en pos de no plantear miradas reduccionistas y/o sesgadas de la problemática, en tanto son inconducentes a los fines de considerar la integralidad del sujeto social. El trabajo monográfico a realizar pretende, de manera concisa, definir los lineamientos y principios que iluminan el abordaje de la violencia familiar y de género en la Oficina de Violencia Doméstica (en adelante OVD), la modalidad de trabajo planteada desde el enfoque de derechos humanos con perspectiva de género, los desafíos profesionales e institucionales que implican un trabajo integral, el contenido y la confección de los informes interdisciplinarios y de las actas que integran los legajos de la OVD y las derivaciones judiciales como así también extrajudiciales de los casos.The complexity that the problem of violence poses constantly challenge us, enabling the need of an interdisciplinary analysis. Transcend the walls of a single discipline and think violence from multiple dimensions, in order not to pose reductionist and / or biased views of the problem, insofar as they are irrelevant for the purposes of considering the integrality of the social subject. The monographic work to be carried out in a concise way defines the guidelines and principles that illuminate the approach to family and gender violence in the Office of Domestic Violence (hereinafter OVD), the work modality proposed from a human rights approach, with gender perspective, the professional and institutional challenges that imply an integral work, the content and the elaboration of the interdisciplinary reports and of the acts that make up the files of the OVD and the judicial derivations as well as extra-judicial of the cases.Facultad de Psicologí

Abordaje de la violencia doméstica desde la interdisciplina : Experiencia de trabajo de la Oficina de Violencia Doméstica (OVD)- La Pampa

La complejidad que plantea la problemática de la violencia nos interpela constantemente, habilitando la necesidad de un análisis interdisciplinar. Trascender los muros de una única disciplina y pensar la violencia desde múltiples dimensiones, en pos de no plantear miradas reduccionistas y/o sesgadas de la problemática, en tanto son inconducentes a los fines de considerar la integralidad del sujeto social. El trabajo monográfico a realizar pretende, de manera concisa, definir los lineamientos y principios que iluminan el abordaje de la violencia familiar y de género en la Oficina de Violencia Doméstica (en adelante OVD), la modalidad de trabajo planteada desde el enfoque de derechos humanos con perspectiva de género, los desafíos profesionales e institucionales que implican un trabajo integral, el contenido y la confección de los informes interdisciplinarios y de las actas que integran los legajos de la OVD y las derivaciones judiciales como así también extrajudiciales de los casos.The complexity that the problem of violence poses constantly challenge us, enabling the need of an interdisciplinary analysis. Transcend the walls of a single discipline and think violence from multiple dimensions, in order not to pose reductionist and / or biased views of the problem, insofar as they are irrelevant for the purposes of considering the integrality of the social subject. The monographic work to be carried out in a concise way defines the guidelines and principles that illuminate the approach to family and gender violence in the Office of Domestic Violence (hereinafter OVD), the work modality proposed from a human rights approach, with gender perspective, the professional and institutional challenges that imply an integral work, the content and the elaboration of the interdisciplinary reports and of the acts that make up the files of the OVD and the judicial derivations as well as extra-judicial of the cases.Facultad de Psicologí

Citizenship education through practices and representations

La investigación se llevó a cabo en los años 2008 y 2009, con la intención de identificar las prácticas de educación para la ciudadanía más difundidas en la escuela secundaria superior italiana y las representaciones más comunes presentes entre los estudiantes y profesores. Se suministraron 1308 cuestionarios, en 76 clases, correspondientes a tres regiones de Italia (Emilia-Romagna, Lombardía y Sicilia), 68 fichas han sido recopiladas a partir de los sondeos de 46 profesores. Diez de estos 46 profesores fueron también entrevistados directamente. El estudio describe las prácticas más difundidas y los temas fundamentales (predomina la prevención de accidentes de tráfico, medidas preventivas de la salud en general, con especial atención a las drogas, el alcohol, las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y el SIDA.) Se observa una presencia muy limitada de proyectos específicos de dimensión jurídica, política y ética, de la ciudadanía, en cambio los estudiantes muestran expectativas y un deseo de intervención sobre la ciudadanía. También parece importante el análisis de las representaciones implícitas identificadas en las respuestas abiertas de los estudiantes.This research was conducted in 2008 and 2009, and sought to identify the most popular practices of citizenship education in secondary school, as well as the most common representations among students and teachers. 1308 open-ended questions questionnaires were administered to 76 classes across three Italian regions (Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy and Sicily); 68 monitoring cards were compiled by 46 teachers. Ten out of these 46 teachers were also interviewed directly. The study describes the most common practices and the privileged topics (road accidents and health care prevention in general with particular regard to drugs, alcohol, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV were among the most popular). The evidence shows a very limited number of projects specifically related to the legal, political and ethical dimensions of citizenship, whilst students express expectation and desire for intervention. Furthermore, the analysis of the implicit representations identified in the open-ended responses provided by the students seems particularly significant.peerReviewe

Nitrogen- and Fluorine-Doped Carbon Nanohorns as Efficient Metal-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalyst: Role of the Nitrogen Groups

The search of active, stable and low costs catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for the extensive use of fuel cells and metal–air batteries. The development of metal-free catalysts, instead of platinum-based materials, can dramatically reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of these devices. In this work, carbon nanohorns (CNHs) have been covalently functionalized with N-containing heterocycles by the Tour reaction protocol and tested as metal-free ORR catalysts. The insertion of N-functionalities favored the complete reduction of oxygen to hydroxyl ions, while their absence favored the production of hydrogen peroxide. With the aim of determining the N-species responsible for the ORR activity of CNHs, photoemission and electrochemical measurements were combined. Results suggest that protonated N is the main species involved in the ORR process, facilitating the adsorption of oxygen, with their consequent reduction to neutral hydrogenated N species

The Non-Innocent Role of Hole-Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

The race to the future generation of low-cost photovoltaic devices continuouslytakes on added momentum with the appearance of novel practical solutions forthe fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a paradigm technology forultracheap light-to-electricity conversion. Much has been done in the past fewyears toward defining standard protocols for the assessment of their efficiencyand stability, aiming at achieving a worldwide consensus on the issue, that willallow reliable reporting of new data. While this is undoubtedly a step aheadtoward commercialization of these devices, it also often triggers researchers totest record architectures using benchmark configurations, mainly for whatregards the ancillary layers that extract electrical charges from the photoexcitedperovskite. In particular, the mostly used hole-transporting material (HTM) is thesmall-molecule spiro-OMeTAD, which is also well known to be the origin of PSCdegradation after prolonged operation. Herein, it is aimed to remark the hugeimpact of the HTM on PSC performance, recalling major issues associated withthe conventional spiro-based one and providing an overview of state-of-the-artalternatives. Finally, possible scenarios for the future development of smartHTMs are also envisioned, as charge-extracting layers, with a real active role inensuring PSC operational stability

Brown Dwarf Jets: Investigating the Universality of Jet Launching Mechanisms at the Lowest Masses

Recently it has become apparent that proto-stellar-like outflow activity extends to the brown dwarf (BD) mass regime. While the presence of accretion appears to be the common ingredient in all objects known to drive jets fundamental questions remain unanswered. The more prominent being the exact mechanism by which jets are launched, and whether this mechanism remains universal among such a diversity of sources and scales. To address these questions we have been investigating outflow activity in a sample of protostellar objects that differ considerably in mass and mass accretion rate. Central to this is our study of brown dwarf jets. To date Classical T Tauri stars (CTTS) have offered us the best touchstone for decoding the launching mechanism. Here we shall summarise what is understood so far of BD jets and the important constraints observations can place on models. We will focus on the comparison between jets driven by objects with central mass < 0.1M \odot and those driven by CTTSs. In particular we wish to understand how the the ratio of the mass outflow to accretion rate compares to what has been measured for CTTSs.Comment: Proceedings of IAU meeting 275, "Jets at All Scales

Research Progress on Homogeneous Fabrication of Large-Area Perovskite Films by Spray Coating

The bottleneck for large-scale processing within perovskite solar cells (PSCs) development is the stringent need for uniform thin films. On a lab scale, the spin coating methodology with acceptable uncertainty ensures a high level of uniformity with minimal roughness, no voids, and reproducible procedures. However, the technique is strongly limited for up-scaling because the uncertainty is out of range from the spin center to the edge, resulting in areas only up to a few cm2. In order to boost the industrialization of PSCs, the spray coating (SC) methodology can represent a good solution for achieving the goal of uniformity (in terms of crystal size, film thickness, and roughness) that, combined to a reduced active materials waste, compatible to roll2roll production line, will pave the way to PSCs mass production. In this critical review, we present the technological features of SC relevant to PSCs development and critically discuss the key points on which to address the focus for achieving optimal and reliable performances in connection with the fundamental higher potential of SC over spin-coating in allowing to control thin film homogeneity. This review can help in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells but also can contribute to the development of scale-up methodologies

Assessing the Effect of Stabilization and Carbonization Temperatures on Electrochemical Performance of Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers from Polyacrylonitrile

Supercapacitors (SCs) are considered a promising alternative to batteries to power up portable and wearable devices. Among different categories of materials for SCs, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are particularly appealing for their electrochemical, morphological, and mechanical properties, coupled with the ease of synthesis. Electrospinning is a simple and low-cost technique to prepare the polymer-based precursors for CNFs, allowing to obtain fibers with a tunable morphology and a diameter in the nanometer range. However, even if electrospun CNFs were intensely studied over the years, in the literature there is a lack of information regarding the optimization of the thermal treatment to prepare bare CNFs with high specific capacitance (C s). Herein, a systematic study on the optimization of the stabilization and carbonization temperatures for electrospun CNFs prepared from polyacrylonirtile is reported, achieving a maximum C s of 49 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in a symmetrical SC device based on 1 m H2SO4 electrolyte. Aspects related to the specific surface area, nitrogen doping, and carbon microstructure are examined concerning the different thermal treatments, allowing to define structure–property–function relationships in these capacitive nanoarchitectures

New Insights into the Surfactant-Assisted Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Bi2S3 for Electrocatalytic Applications

During water electrolysis, adding an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is necessary to reduce the activation barrier and thus enhance the reaction rate. Metal chalcogenide-based 2D nanomaterials have been studied as an alternative to noble metal electrocatalysts because of their interesting electrocatalytic properties and low costs of production. However, the difficulty in improving the catalytic efficiency and industrializing the synthetic methods have become a problem in the potential application of these species in electrocatalysis. Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) is a low-cost and scalable technique for lab- and industrial-scale synthesis of 2D-material colloidal inks. In this work, we present, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time a systematic study on the surfactant-assisted LPE of bulk Bi2S3 crystalline powder to produce nanosheets (NSs). Different dispersing agents and LPE conditions have been tested in order to obtain colloidal low-dimensional Bi2S3 NSs in H2O at optimized concentrations. Eventually, colloidally stable layered nano-sized Bi2S3 suspensions can be produced with yields of up to ~12.5%. The thus obtained low-dimensional Bi2S3 is proven to be more active for HER than the bulk starting material, showing an overpotential of only 235 mV and an optimized Tafel slope of 125 mV/dec. Our results provide a facile top-down method to produce nano-sized Bi2S3 through a green approach and demonstrate that this material can have a good potential as electrocatalyst for HER

Plasmon‐Assisted Energy Transfer in Hybrid Nanosystems

While direct optical excitation of carbon nanotubes activates only the tube species strictly matching the excitation source, excitation energy transfer processes provide a single excitation channel for all the nanotubes species in a sample. The requirement of an overlap between donor emission and acceptor absorption limits the poll of donors able to trasfer their excitation to the tubes, leaving the high‐energy part of the solar spectrum excluded from such processes. Here it is shown that the grafting of small metal nanoparticles to the tubes alters those rules, enabling energy transfer process from molecules for which the standard energy transfer process is strongly suppressed. The onset of an energy transfer band in the UV/blue spectral region is demonstrated for an hybrid gold‐pyrene‐nanotube system, yielding collective emission from all the tubes present in our samples upon excitation of pyrene