Elevated Plasma Endothelin-1 and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Children Exposed to Air Pollution

BackgroundControlled exposures of animals and humans to particulate matter (PM) or ozone air pollution cause an increase in plasma levels of endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor that regulates pulmonary arterial pressure.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this field study was to determine whether Mexico City children, who are chronically exposed to levels of PM and O3 that exceed the United States air quality standards, have elevated plasma endothelin-1 levels and pulmonary arterial pressures.MethodsWe conducted a study of 81 children, 7.9 ± 1.3 years of age, lifelong residents of either northeast (n = 19) or southwest (n = 40) Mexico City or Polotitlán (n = 22), a control city with PM and O3 levels below the U.S. air quality standards. Clinical histories, physical examinations, and complete blood counts were done. Plasma endothelin-1 concentrations were determined by immunoassay, and pulmonary arterial pressures were measured by Doppler echocardiography.ResultsMexico City children had higher plasma endothelin-1 concentrations compared with controls (p < 0.001). Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was elevated in children from both northeast (p < 0.001) and southwest (p < 0.05) Mexico City compared with controls. Endothelin-1 levels in Mexico City children were positively correlated with daily outdoor hours (p = 0.012), and 7-day cumulative levels of PM air pollution < 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) before endothelin-1 measurement (p = 0.03).ConclusionsChronic exposure of children to PM2.5 is associated with increased levels of circulating endothelin-1 and elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure

Product factorability of integral bilinear operators on Banach function spaces

[EN] This paper deals with bilinear operators acting in pairs of Banach function spaces that factor through the pointwise product. We find similar situations in different contexts of the functional analysis, including abstract vector lattices¿orthosymmetric maps, C¿-algebras¿zero product preserving operators, and classical and harmonic analysis¿integral bilinear operators. Bringing together the ideas of these areas, we show new factorization theorems and characterizations by means of norm inequalities. The objective of the paper is to apply these tools to provide new descriptions of some classes of bilinear integral operators, and to obtain integral representations for abstract classes of bilinear maps satisfying certain domination properties.The first author was supported by TUBITAK-The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Grant No. 2211/E. The second author was supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) and FEDER, Grant MTM2016-77054-C2-1-P.Erdogan, E.; Sánchez Pérez, EA.; Gok, O. (2019). Product factorability of integral bilinear operators on Banach function spaces. Positivity. 23(3):671-696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11117-018-0632-zS671696233Abramovich, Y.A., Kitover, A.K.: Inverses of Disjointness Preserving Operators. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2000)Abramovich, Y.A., Wickstead, A.W.: When each continuous operator is regular II. Indag. Math. (N.S.) 8(3), 281–294 (1997)Alaminos, J., Brešar, M., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: Maps preserving zero products. Studia Math. 193(2), 131–159 (2009)Alaminos, J., Brešar, M., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: On bilinear maps determined by rank one idempotents. Linear Algebra Appl. 432, 738–743 (2010)Alaminos, J., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: Orthogonality preserving linear maps on group algebras. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 158, 493–504 (2015)Ben Amor, F.: On orthosymmetric bilinear maps. Positivity 14, 123–134 (2010)Astashkin, S.V., Maligranda, L.: Structure of Cesàro function spaces: a survey. Banach Center Publ. 102, 13–40 (2014)Beckenstein, E., Narici, L.: A non-Archimedean Stone–Banach theorem. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 100(2), 242–246 (1987)Bu, Q., Buskes, G., Kusraev, A.G.: Bilinear maps on products of vector lattices: a survey. In: Boulabiar, K., Buskes, G., Triki, A. (eds.) Positivity: Trends in Mathematics, pp. 97–126. Springer, Birkhuser (2007)Buskes, G., van Rooij, A.: Almost f-algebras: commutativity and Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Positivity 4, 227–231 (2000)Buskes, G., van Rooij, A.: Squares of Riesz spaces. Rocky Mt. J. Math. 31(1), 45–56 (2001)Calabuig, J.M., Delgado, O., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Generalized perfect spaces. Indag. Math. (N.S.) 19(3), 359–378 (2008)Calderón, A.P.: Intermediate spaces and interpolation, the complex method. Studia Math. 24, 113–190 (1964)Defant, A.: Variants of the Maurey-Rosenthal theorem for quasi Köthe function spaces. Positivity 5, 153–175 (2001)Delgado Garrido, O., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Strong factorizations between couples of operators on Banach function spaces. J. Convex Anal. 20(3), 599–616 (2013)Diestel, J., Jarchow, H., Tonge, A.: Absolutely Summing Operators, vol. 43. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1995)Erdoğan, E., Calabuig, J.M., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Convolution-continuous bilinear operators acting in Hilbert spaces of integrable functions. Ann. Funct. Anal. 9(2), 166–179 (2018)Diestel, J., Uhl, J.J.: Vector Measures. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1977)Fremlin, D.H.: Tensor products of Archimedean vector lattices. Am. J. Math. 94, 778–798 (1972)Gillespie, T.A.: Factorization in Banach function spaces. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch. Indag. Math. 43(3), 287–300 (1981)Grafakos, L., Li, X.: Uniform bounds for the bilinear Hilbert transforms I. Ann. Math. 159, 889–933 (2004)Kantorovich, K.L., Akilov, G.P.: Functional Analysis, Nauka, Moscow 1977 (Russian). English transl. Pergamon Press, Oxford, Elmsford, New York (1982)Kolwicz, P., Leśnik, K., Maligranda, L.: Pointwise products of some Banach function spaces and factorization. J. Funct. Anal. 266(2), 616–659 (2014)Kolwicz, P., Leśnik, K.: Topological and geometrical structure of Calderón–Lozanovskii construction. Math. Inequal. Appl. 13(1), 175–196 (2010)Kühn, B.: Banachverbände mit ordnungsstetiger dualnorm. Math. Z. 167(3), 271–277 (1979)Lindenstrauss, J., Tzafriri, L.: Classical Banach Spaces II: Function Spaces, vol. 97. Springer, Berlin (1979)Lozanovskii, G.Ya.: On some Banach lattices. Sibirsk. Mat. Zh. 10, 584-599 (1969)(Russian)English transl. in Siberian Math. J. 10(3), 419-431 (1969)Maligranda, L., Persson, L.E.: Generalized duality of some Banach function spaces. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch. Indag. 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Trends of adverse drug reactions related-hospitalizations in Spain (2001-2006)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are a substantial cause of hospital admissions. We conducted a nationwide study to estimate the burden of hospital admissions for ADRs in Spain during a six-year period (2001-2006) along with the associated total health cost.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data were obtained from the national surveillance system for hospital data (Minimum Basic Data Set) maintained by the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, and covering more than 95% of Spanish hospitals. From these admissions we selected all hospitalization that were code as drug-related (ICD-9-CM codes E), but intended forms of overdoses, errors in administration and therapeutics failure were excluded. The average number of hospitalizations per year, annual incidence of hospital admissions, average length of stay in the hospital, and case-fatality rate, were calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>During the 2001-2006 periods, the total number of hospitalized patients with ADR diagnosis was 350,835 subjects, 1.69% of all acute hospital admissions in Spain. The estimated incidence of admissions due to ADR decreased during the period 2001-2006 (p < 0.05). More than five percent of patients (n = 19,734) died during an ADR-related hospitalization. The drugs most commonly associated with ADR-related hospitalization were antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drugs (n = 75,760), adrenal cortical steroids (n = 47,539), anticoagulants (n = 26,546) and antibiotics (n = 22,144). The costs generated by patients in our study increased by 19.05% between 2001 and 2006.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Approximately 1.69% of all acute hospital admissions were associated with ADRs. The rates were much higher for elderly patients. The total cost of ADR-related hospitalization to the Spanish health system is high and has increased between 2001 and 2006. ADRs are an important cause of admission, resulting in considerable use of national health system beds and a significant number of deaths.</p

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Contribución al estudio de la bermejuela Rutilus arcasi, Steindachner, 1866 de la cuenca del Júcar (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae)II. Edad y crecimientoSobre la taxonomía de Barbus comiza Steindachner, 1865 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae)Fenología de una comunidad de anfibios asociada a cursos fluviales temporales.Nueva especie para la ciencia de Anolis (Lacertilia: Iguanidae) de Cuba pertenecient eal complejo argillaceusSegregación ecológica en una comunidad de ofidios.El Aguila Imperial (Aquila adalberti): dispersión de los jóvenes, estructura de edades y mortalidaSobre diferencias individuales en la alimentación de Tyto albaInfluencia de las condiciones ambientales sobre la organización de la comunidad de aves invernantes en un bosque subalpino mediterráneoVariaciones en la agregación y distribución de la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica Schinz,1838) detectadas con un muestreo de excrementosAlimentación del conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus L. 1758) en Doñana. SO, EspañaSobre la distribución de Barbus meridionales Risso, 1826 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae) en la Península IbéricaSobre la distribución de Barbus meridionales Risso, 1826 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae) en la Península IbéricaNueva cita de Barbus microcephalus Almaça (Pisces, Cyprinidae) en España.Revisión taxonómica y distribución de Cobitis maroccana Pellegrin, 1929 (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae)Datos sobre una población de Lacerta viviparaSobre la presencia de Emys orbicularis en la provincia de León.Algunas observaciones sobre la captura de quirópteros por Falco subbuteo y Falco tinunculusNyctalus leisleri (Kuhk, 1818) (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Una nueva especie para las islas CanariaNuevos datos acerca de la distribución del topillo campesino Microtus arvalis, PALLAS 1778, en la Península IbéricaPeer reviewe

Primary care utilisation patterns among an urban immigrant population in the Spanish National Health System

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is evidence suggesting that the use of health services is lower among immigrants after adjusting for age and sex. This study takes a step forward to compare primary care (PC) utilisation patterns between immigrants and the native population with regard to their morbidity burden.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This retrospective, observational study looked at 69,067 individuals representing the entire population assigned to three urban PC centres in the city of Zaragoza (Aragon, Spain). Poisson models were applied to determine the number of annual PC consultations per individual based on immigration status. All models were first adjusted for age and sex and then for age, sex and case mix (ACG System^®).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The age and sex adjusted mean number of total annual consultations was lower among the immigrant population (children: IRR = 0.79, p < 0.05; adults: IRR = 0.73, p < 0.05). After adjusting for morbidity burden, this difference decreased among children (IRR = 0.94, p < 0.05) and disappeared among adults (IRR = 1.00). Further analysis considering the PC health service and type of visit revealed higher usage of routine diagnostic tests among immigrant children (IRR = 1.77, p < 0.05) and a higher usage of emergency services among the immigrant adult population (IRR = 1.2, p < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex and case mix.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although immigrants make lower use of PC services than the native population after adjusting the consultation rate for age and sex, these differences decrease significantly when considering their morbidity burden. These results reinforce the 'healthy migration effect' and discount the existence of differences in PC utilisation patterns between the immigrant and native populations in Spain.</p

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Página 298 con error de impresiónEstudio cariológico en dos especies de Serránidos del Mediterráneo (Peces: PerciformesRelaciones morfométricas de Atherina boyeri Risso (Pisces: Atherinidae) de la laguna de Zoñar (Córdoba, España)Contribución al conocimiento de la biometríay osteología de Barbus barbus bocagei, Steindachner, 1866 (Pisces: CyprinidaeLa actividad de la salamandra, Salamandra salamandra (L.), en Galicia.Estudios sobre el sapo corredor (Bufo calamita) en el Sur de España.1. BiometríaEstudios sobre el sapo corredor (Bufo calamita) en el Sur de España. II. AlimentaciónBiología de la reproducción de Rana iberica Boulenger 1879 en zonas simpátridas con Rana temporaria Linneo, 1758Nuevos datos sobre la distribución geográfica de Lacerta monticola cantabrica Mertens, 1929. (Sauria, lacertidae).Datos sobre Lacerta monticola Boulenger, 1905 (Saurio: lacertidae)en el oeste del Sistema Central.Nueva especie de Anolis (lacertilia, Iguanidae) para CubaEtograma cuantificado del cortejo en Falco naumannOntogénesis del comportamiento predador en Falco naumanniContaminación xenobiótica del Parque Nacional de Doñana. 1. Residuos de insecticidas organoclorados, bifenilos policlorados y mercurio en anseriformes y gruiformesReproducción del críalo (Clamator glandarius) en Sierra Morena CentraNidificación de Picus viridis en taludes de arcilla en Ramblas de Guadix (Granada)Comportamiento del calamón Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) en Doñana, Marismas del GuadalquiviBiología y ecología de la malvasía (Oxyura leucocephala) en Andalucía.On the differential diet of Carnivora in islands:a method for analysing it and a particular case.Notas sobre la distribución pasada y actual del meloncillo Herpestes ichneumon (L.) en la Península IbéricaEstructuración de las interacciones en una camada de lobos (Canís lupus)Nuevos datos sobre la distribución del Cottus gobio L. (pisces, cottidae) en EspañaSobre la alimentación de Callopistes maculatus (Reptilia,teiidaeObservación de Lacerta lepida depredando un nido de Alectoris rufaNueva cita del galápago leproso Mauremys leprosa (Scheigger, 1812) en los pirineosPrimera cita de Psammodromus hispanicus (Fitzinger) para GaliciaSobre la presencia de Gallotia (=Lacerta) atlantica (Peters y Doria, 1882) en Gran CanariaNota sobre las Lacerta monticola Boulenger, 1905 de las zonas del norte de GaliciaPrimeras notas herpetológicas de la provincia de Soria.Datos sobre selección de hábitat y ecología alimenticia del porrón pardo (Aythya nyroca)Probable nueva área de cría del pechiazul (Luscinia svecica cyanecula) en el sistema central. PerisPredación de Falco peregrinus y Falco subbuteo sobre quirópterosResultados de la producción de Oxyura leucocephala en el año 1981 en las lagunas de Zóñar y el rincónAnálisis de la dieta de Tyto alba en un medio árido antropógeno de los alrededores de Almería¿Son Eudocimus ruber y E. albus distintas especies?EL Estornino pinto (Sturnus vulgaris) en Canarias: nueva especie nidifiante en el archipiélagoDatos sobre la alimentación otoñal del cárabo (Strix aluco) en la sierra de CádizObservación primaveral de rapaces y otras aves en el páramo del estado de Mérida (Venezuela).Murciélago hematófago (Desmodus rotundus) parasitando a un chigüire (Hidrochoerus hydrochaeris)Observaciones sobre la reproducción del zacatuche o teporinho Romerolagus diazi (Mammalia: lagomorpha)Estudio electroforético de hemoglobinas y esterasas sanguíneas en Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Chiroptera: rhinolophidae) y de hemoglobinas en Tadaria taeniotis (chiroptera: molossidae)Peer reviewe

The chemical compound 'Heatin' stimulates hypocotyl elongation and interferes with the Arabidopsis NIT1-subfamily of nitrilases

Temperature passively affects biological processes involved in plant growth. Therefore, it is challenging to study the dedicated temperature signalling pathways that orchestrate thermomorphogenesis, a suite of elongation growth-based adaptations that enhance leaf-cooling capacity. We screened a chemical library for compounds that restored hypocotyl elongation in the pif4-2-deficient mutant background at warm temperature conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana to identify modulators of thermomorphogenesis. The small aromatic compound 'Heatin', containing 1-iminomethyl-2-naphthol as a pharmacophore, was selected as an enhancer of elongation growth. We show that ARABIDOPSIS ALDEHYDE OXIDASES redundantly contribute to Heatin-mediated hypocotyl elongation. Following a chemical proteomics approach, the members of the NITRILASE1-subfamily of auxin biosynthesis enzymes were identified among the molecular targets of Heatin. Our data reveal that nitrilases are involved in promotion of hypocotyl elongation in response to high temperature and Heatin-mediated hypocotyl elongation requires the NITRILASE1-subfamily members, NIT1 and NIT2. Heatin inhibits NIT1-subfamily enzymatic activity in vitro and the application of Heatin accordingly results in the accumulation of NIT1-subfamily substrate indole-3-acetonitrile in vivo. However, levels of the NIT1-subfamily product, bioactive auxin (indole-3-acetic acid), were also significantly increased. It is likely that the stimulation of hypocotyl elongation by Heatin might be independent of its observed interaction with NITRILASE1-subfamily members. However, nitrilases may contribute to the Heatin response by stimulating indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in an indirect way. Heatin and its functional analogues present novel chemical entities for studying auxin biology