Knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccine acceptability among priority groups defined for vaccination: A cross-sectional study in Araba/Alava, Spain, before the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2

Background: The acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine varies depending on the time, place, type of vaccine and information available at the time. Knowledge of attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among the population at high risk of developing the disease would help to tailor the strategy to improve adherence to vaccination recommendations. Aim: To analyze the willingness, knowledge and risk perception of patients and health care workers (HCW) to get the vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Cross-sectional survey in Araba/alava province (Spain). Subjects who met the criteria for the influenza vaccination in 2019 and HCWS from the Basque Public Health Service were included. The participants answered a questionnaire on the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 before starting vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The intention to vaccinate was compared using the chi-squared test. Results: 316 HCWs and 389 patients responded to the survey. Around 90% of the patients and 80% of HCW would accept vaccination in all scenarios according to the questionnaire (p < 0.001). Only 3-12% hesitated about the COVID-19 vaccines. Compared to 40-70% of patients, 60-80% of HCWs perceived a high risk of COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were found in 10 of the 17 questions regarding the mechanism of transmission and symptoms. Conclusion: HCWs had a better knowledge and risk perception of COVID-19 than the surveyed patients. They had a higher proportion of hesitancy to get COVID-19 vaccine, probably related to doubts about the effectiveness of the new vaccines and the scientific evidence.Funding for the study was provided by the Caja Vital Foundation

Programa de investigación: sistemas conversores de energía

Este trabajo describe el Programa “Sistemas Conversores de Energía”, financiado por la UNT para el período 2008-2012, que se integra con tres Proyectos. Se presenta la situación Argentina desde las perspectivas técnicas normativas, políticas y sociales que hacen al uso eficiente y racional de la energía, mostrando la necesidad del acercamiento multidisciplinario e integrativo que se propone para los problemas energéticos actuales. Los objetivos y procedimientos de cada proyecto revelan el alcance del programa y las posibilidades de impacto que tiene sobre el conocimiento de nuevas tecnologías innovativas, en las normativas de eficiencia y en las políticas energéticas dirigidas a una integración de la sociedad en los problemas energéticos argentinos.This paper describes the scopes of the research program "Energy Conversion Systems", supported (until 2012 year) by the Science & Technology Council of the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CIUNT). It concerns about technical regulations and policies on energy and efficiency, focused by multidisciplinary-and-integrated approach, achieved by three different projects. The objectives and procedures of each one show the full scope of the program and the potential impact it would have on the knowledge of efficiency and energy regulations and policies.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Programa de investigación: sistemas conversores de energía

Este trabajo describe el Programa “Sistemas Conversores de Energía”, financiado por la UNT para el período 2008-2012, que se integra con tres Proyectos. Se presenta la situación Argentina desde las perspectivas técnicas normativas, políticas y sociales que hacen al uso eficiente y racional de la energía, mostrando la necesidad del acercamiento multidisciplinario e integrativo que se propone para los problemas energéticos actuales. Los objetivos y procedimientos de cada proyecto revelan el alcance del programa y las posibilidades de impacto que tiene sobre el conocimiento de nuevas tecnologías innovativas, en las normativas de eficiencia y en las políticas energéticas dirigidas a una integración de la sociedad en los problemas energéticos argentinos.This paper describes the scopes of the research program "Energy Conversion Systems", supported (until 2012 year) by the Science & Technology Council of the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CIUNT). It concerns about technical regulations and policies on energy and efficiency, focused by multidisciplinary-and-integrated approach, achieved by three different projects. The objectives and procedures of each one show the full scope of the program and the potential impact it would have on the knowledge of efficiency and energy regulations and policies.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Contabilidad general: cuadernos de trabajo. Ejercicios para resolver en clase

Proporciona a los estudiantes un recurso de aprendizaje, donde se plantea diversos ejercicios y casos por cada tema desarrollado en el curso, para que ellos los resuelvan gradualmente durante el ciclo, con la siguiente finalidad: Refuercen lo aprendido en clase y lo adquirido mediante lectura de los libros texto del curso. Igualmente, que Identifiquen oportunidades de mejora en su aprendizaje

Programa de investigación: sistemas conversores de energía

Este trabajo describe el Programa “Sistemas Conversores de Energía”, financiado por la UNT para el período 2008-2012, que se integra con tres Proyectos. Se presenta la situación Argentina desde las perspectivas técnicas normativas, políticas y sociales que hacen al uso eficiente y racional de la energía, mostrando la necesidad del acercamiento multidisciplinario e integrativo que se propone para los problemas energéticos actuales. Los objetivos y procedimientos de cada proyecto revelan el alcance del programa y las posibilidades de impacto que tiene sobre el conocimiento de nuevas tecnologías innovativas, en las normativas de eficiencia y en las políticas energéticas dirigidas a una integración de la sociedad en los problemas energéticos argentinos.This paper describes the scopes of the research program "Energy Conversion Systems", supported (until 2012 year) by the Science & Technology Council of the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CIUNT). It concerns about technical regulations and policies on energy and efficiency, focused by multidisciplinary-and-integrated approach, achieved by three different projects. The objectives and procedures of each one show the full scope of the program and the potential impact it would have on the knowledge of efficiency and energy regulations and policies.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Population-based colorectal cancer screening programmes using a faecal immunochemical test:Should faecal haemoglobin cut-offs differ by age and sex?

Abstract Background The Basque Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme has both high participation rate and high compliance rate of colonoscopy after a positive faecal occult blood test (FIT). Although, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with biannual (FIT) has shown to reduce CRC mortality, the ultimate effectiveness of the screening programmes depends on the accuracy of FIT and post-FIT colonoscopy, and thus, harms related to false results might not be underestimated. Current CRC screening programmes use a single faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) cut-off for colonoscopy referral for both sexes and all ages. We aimed to determine optimum f-Hb cut-offs by sex and age without compromising neoplasia detection and interval cancer proportion. Methods Prospective cohort study using a single-sample faecal immunochemical test (FIT) on 444,582 invited average-risk subjects aged 50–69 years. A result was considered positive at ≥20 μg Hb/g faeces. Outcome measures were analysed by sex and age for a wide range of f-Hb cut-offs. Results We analysed 17,387 positive participants in the programme who underwent colonoscopy. Participation rate was 66.5%. Men had a positivity rate for f-Hb of 8.3% and women 4.8% (p < 0.0001). The detection rate for advanced neoplasia (cancer plus advanced adenoma) was 44.0‰ for men and 15.9‰ for women (p < 0.0001). The number of colonoscopies required decreased in both sexes and all age groups through increasing the f-Hb cut-off. However, the loss in CRC detection increased by up to 28.1% in men and 22.9% in women. CRC missed were generally at early stages (Stage I-II: from 70.2% in men to 66.3% in women). Conclusions This study provides detailed outcomes in men and women of different ages at a range of f-Hb cut-offs. We found differences in positivity rates, neoplasia detection rate, number needed to screen, and interval cancers in men and women and in younger and older groups. However, there are factors other than sex and age to consider when consideration is given to setting the f-Hb cut-off

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Diagnóstico Territorial del Litoral de Cantabria. Volumen I: Informe.

Estudios de base para la redacción del Plan de Ordenación del Litoral (POL) de Cantabria.Este proyecto de investigación aplicada se ha realizado gracias al Convenio de Colaboración entre el Gobierno de Cantabria y la Universidad de Cantabria titulado “Diagnóstico Territorial del Litoral de Cantabria”

Repensar la enseñanza de la notación musical en clave decolonial

El modelo de enseñanza de la notación musical en Latinoamérica ha estado influenciado desde sus inicios por los lineamientos del Modelo Conservatorio. El mismo fue impuesto en nuestra cultura por medio del proceso de colonización, el cual suprimió las expresiones artísticas preexistentes imponiendo formas canónicas de percibir, sentir, transmitir y pensar (Burcet, 2017). Actualmente este modelo continúa vigente en las instituciones de formación musical, moldeando la educación musical y el sentido común acerca de lo implica “saber música”. Con el fin de discutir este modelo tradicional de enseñanza, hemos realizado una serie de investigaciones en pos de revisar el rol del sujeto en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje (Burcet 2014, 2018, 2020; Burcet y Uzal, 2018; Beltramone y Burcet, 2020). Para el desarrollo de este enfoque resultaron clave los estudios de la Psicología Genética en el campo del lenguaje y la alfabetización.Laboratorio para el Estudio de la Experiencia Musica

Statistical Matching in practice – An application to the evaluation of the education system from PISA and TALIS

Con el nombre Statistical Matching se identifican un conjunto de técnicas que posibilitan integrar información obtenida mediante encuestas independientes con unidades muestrales distintas. El objetivo es obtener un fichero de datos sintético con información plausible para ítems provenientes de distintas fuentes. Método: El Matching parte de la existencia de variables comunes entre los ficheros, usualmente, variables sociodemográficas. Este bloque de información común se emplea para imputar los ítems específicos de las encuestas. Resultados: Explicita- mos las fases principales del Statistical Matching y las aplicamos a las encuestas PISA 2012 y TALIS 2013 de España. Proporcionamos pautas para una validación de los resultados. En todas las fases se ha utilizado el software libre R. Conclusiones: La potencialidad de Statistical Matching es enorme en tanto que posibilita enlazar ficheros de origen distinto. Las técnicas de Statistical Matching son accesibles gracias al desarrollo de diversos paquetes de R. Su aplicación en Ciencias Sociales puede ser solución a multitud de problemas metodológicos y contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de la realidad socialStatistical matching methods are aimed at the integration of information collected through multiple sources, usually, surveys drawn from some target population. As opposed to record linkage methods -where we search for identical units-, in statistical matching we search for similar units in order to find statistical relations across databases. Methods: Statistical matching is feasible provided that the independent surveys share a common block of variables. A particular solution is based on imputation methods for missing data: first, the distinct files are concatenated (i.e. rows and columns are joined together to form a unique file); next, empty cells corresponding to non- observed values are interpreted as missing data, and they are imputed according to observed data. Results: The fundamental concepts of statistical matching are shown, and the process is illustrated with the PISA (2012) and TALIS (2013) educational studies with Spain’s data. Imputations are carried out using mice package from the free R software. A first validation of the results is perfor- med. Conclusions: Statistical matching offers high potential benefits for the social sciences since it enables to relate information from independent information sources. These techniques can now be applied with relative ease thanks to the development of tools such as R computing environment