Perceptions of local population on the impacts of substitution of fossil energies by renewables: A case study applied to a Spanish rural area

Using the perceptions of a sample of 231 people from a Spanish region as a case study, this paper aims to respond to the increasing demand for measurement of economic, social and environmental performance of renewables implementation. First, from this information, the paper analyzes the willingness to pay of the rural community for the complete replacement of fossil fuels with clean ones throughout the region. Second, it explores this rural community''s perceptions in order to determine the most outstanding outputs, outcomes and impacts for the whole renewable energy penetration

Bioequivalence studies with anti-TNF biosimilars

Introduction: Biosimilars, as defined by the European Medicines Agency, have been used in Europe since 2006. The landscape was considerably expanded when the first biosimilar of a monoclonal was approved and introduced in the European market. CT-P13 was developed by Celltrion as an infliximab biosimilar in 2013, not without controversy. As these complex molecules cannot be completely identical, some experts, clinicians, and even patients were skeptical regarding the real bioequivalence of the drugs. Currently, several new infliximab and adalimumab biosimilars are available or will reach the market in a few months. Areas covered: Our goal is to review, mainly from a clinical perspective, the available evidence for bioequivalence of anti-TNF biosimilars. We aim to take into account not only preclinical studies, mostly done for regulatory issues, but also data from clinical studies. Expert opinion: We can conclude that bioequivalence with originator is well demonstrated in those drugs which have followed European Medicines Agency regulatory pathways. Switching from originator to biosimilar appears safe for all indications. However, there are few data available for switching from one biosimilar to another, or for complete interchangeability. Prospective studies and strict pharmacovigilance are recommended

El cuestionario CEVEAPEU. Un instrumento para la evaluación de las estrategias de aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios

El objetivo de este trabajo era elaborar y validar un cuestionario de evaluación de las estrategias de aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios más completo que los clásicamente utilizados. Para ello utilizamos un diseño de validación de pruebas. Usamos dos muestras de estudiantes universitarios, la primera de 545 estudiantes y la segunda de 1127. Los resultados de consistencia interna, validez de constructo, validez predictiva y estabilidad temporal, recogidos en el texto del artículo, son buenos. El producto final es un cuestionario con dos escalas, seis subescalas, veinticinco estrategias y 88 ítems, más sólido y completo que los anteriormente disponibles

Identification of Homogeneous Groups of Actors in a Local AHP-Multiactor Context with a High Number of Decision-Makers: A Bayesian Stochastic Search

The identification of homogeneous groups of actors in a local AHP-multiactor context based on their preferences is an open problem, particularly when the number of decision-makers is high. To solve this problem in the case of using stochastic AHP, this paper proposes a new Bayesian stochastic search methodology for large-scale problems (number of decision-makers greater than 20). The new methodology, based on Bayesian tools for model comparison and selection, takes advantage of the individual preference structures distributions obtained from stochastic AHP to allow the identification of homogeneous groups of actors with a maximum common incompatibility threshold. The methodology offers a heuristic approach with several near-optimal partitions, calculated by the Occam’s window, that capture the uncertainty that is inherent when considering intangible aspects (AHP). This uncertainty is also reflected in the graphs that show the similarities of the decision-maker’s opinions and that can be used to achieve representative collective positions by constructing agreement paths in negotiation processes. If a small number of actors is considered, the proposed algorithm (AHP Bayesian clustering) significantly reduces the computational time of group identification with respect to an exhaustive search method. The methodology is illustrated by a real case of citizen participation based on e-Cognocracy. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Learning strategies in excellent and average university students. Their evolution over the first year of the career

The aim of this paper was to analyze the evolution of learning strategies of two groups of students, excellent and average, from 11 degrees of the UPV (Valencia/Spain) in their freshman year. We used the CEVEAPEU questionnaire. The results confirmed the availability of better strategies of excellent students and also the existence of evolutionary patterns in which affective-emotional strategies decrease, such as value of the task or internal attributions, and that others increase, such as extrinsic motivation and external attributions. It seems that the student does not meet your expectations in the new context and professors have important responsibilities

Las competencias del profesorado en TIC: estructura básica

Las competencias en TIC del profesorado son una variable clave para la integración de las TIC en la escuela. Este artículo presenta un esquema de indicadores de competencia para dos dimensiones, competencias tecnológicas y competencias pedagógicas, desde un modelo MIMIC. El modelo incluye la definición de una relación específica entre estas dimensiones y también de los efectos de un conjunto de factores relevantes: personales (género, edad y frecuencia de uso del ordenador) y contextuales (tipo de centro, etapa educativa y acceso al aula de informática). La información se recogió mediante un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de 868 profesoras y profesores de educación primaria y secundaria de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados confirman la estructura relacional estable entre ambas dimensiones de competencia, así como que las competencias tecnológicas influyen sobre las pedagógicas. Asimismo, el modelo muestra las influencias de los factores personales y contextuales sobre estas dimensiones. El modelo presentado apunta la necesidad urgente de estudiar las dimensiones relacionadas con las TIC en educación desde una perspectiva más compleja que pueda mostrar más claramente esas relaciones.The ICT competences of teachers are a key variable for ICT integration in school. This paper presents a framework of indicators of competence in relation to two dimensions from a MIMIC model: the first one concerns technological competences and the second one has to do with pedagogical competences. The model includes the definition of a specific relationship between these dimensions and also the effects of a set of relevant factors: personal (gender, age and frequency of computer use) and contextual (type of educational institution, educational stage and access to computer classroom). The information was collected through a questionnaire answered by a sample of 868 teachers of elementary and secondary education in the Comunidad Valenciana. The results confirm a stable relational structure between both dimensions of competence, where the technological competence influences the pedagogical competence. Also, the model shows the influences of contextual and personal variables on these dimensions. The model used points the urgent need to study the dimensions related to ICT in education from a more complex perspective that can more clearly show those relationships

Estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios excelentes y medios. Su evolución a lo largo del primer año de carrera

El objetivo de este trabajo era analizar la evolución de las estrategias de aprendizaje de estudiantes excelentes y medios de 11 titulaciones de la UPV (Valencia), en su primer año. Los alumnos contestaron el cuestionario CEVEAPEU en tres momentos. Los resultados constataron mejores estrategias en los estudiantes excelentes. También confirmaron patrones evolutivos en que estrategias afectivo-emotivas relevantes disminuyen, como valor de la tarea o atribuciones internas, y se incrementan otras, como motivación extrínseca y atribuciones externas. Parece que el estudiante no satisface sus expectativas en el proceso de adaptación al nuevo contexto y ahí los profesores tienen responsabilidades ineludibles

Spatial hedonic modelling adjusted for preferential sampling

Hedonic models are widely used to predict selling prices of properties. Originally, they were proposed as simple spatial regressions, i.e. a spatially referenced response regressed on spatially referenced predictors. Subsequently, spatial random effects were introduced to serve as surrogates for unmeasured or unobservable predictors and were shown to provide better out-of-sample prediction. However, what has been ignored in the literature is the fact that the locations (and times) of the sales are random and, in fact, are an observation of a random point pattern. Here, we first consider whether there is stochastic dependence between the point pattern of locations and the set of responses. If so, a second question is whether incorporating a log-intensity for the point pattern of locations in the hedonic modelling enables improvement in the prediction of selling price. We connect this problem to what is referred to as preferential sampling. Through model comparison we illuminate the role of the point pattern data in the prediction of selling price. Using two different years of property sales from Zaragoza, Spain, we employ both the full database as well as an intentionally biased subset to elaborate this story