Temperature dependent dynamic and static magnetic response in magnetic tunnel junctions with Permalloy layers

Ferromagnetic resonance and static magnetic properties of CoFe/Al2O3/CoFe/Py and CoFe/Al2O3/CoFeB/Py magnetic tunnel junctions and of 25nm thick single-layer Permalloy(Py) films have been studied as a function of temperature down to 2K. The temperature dependence of the ferromagnetic resonance excited in the Py layers in magnetic tunnel junctions shows knee-like enhancement of the resonance frequency accompanied by an anomaly in the magnetization near 60K. We attribute the anomalous static and dynamic magnetic response at low temperatures to interface stress induced magnetic reorientation transition at the Py interface which could be influenced by dipolar soft-hard layer coupling through the Al2O3 barrier

Magnetoelectric Effect in Type-II Quantum Cone Induced by Donor Impurity

We consider a model of donor centered at the base of a type-II nanocone, in which the excessive electron, released from the donor, is located within a narrow tube-shaped shell exterior region around the cone lateral surface. By solving the one-electron Schrödinger equation we analyze the alteration of the spatial probability distribution of the electron, the period of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of the energy levels, and the electric and magnetic moments induced by external electric and magnetic fields, applied along the symmetry axis. We show that the diamagnetic confinement provided by the magnetic field forces the electron to climb along the cone’s border, inducing the electric polarization of the structure. Similarly, the external electric field, which pushes the electron toward cone’s bottom, changes the order of the energy levels with different magnetic momenta varying the magnetic polarization of the structure. Our theoretical analysis reveals a new possibility for the coupling between the polarization and magnetization arising from the quantum-size effect in type-II semiconductor nanocones

New approaches on the study of the psychometric properties of the STAI

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI1). Previous studies have indicated different factor solutions. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of consensus about the best dimensional model of STAI scores.The sample consisted of 417 participants, composed of 387 (29.71% male) healthy participants (comparison group: M=35.5 years; SD=8.40), and 30 (36.66% male) patient (clinical group M=35.8 years; SD=12.94).The internal consistency evaluated through Ordinal Alpha was good, 0.98 and 0.94 in the non-clinical and the clinical samples, respectively. Test-retest reliability (two weeks) for Total Score was 0.81 for the non-clinical subsample, and 0.93 for the clinical subsample. Confirmatory factor analyses supported both a four factor model and bifactor model. Also, STAI scores showed statistically significant correlations with Burns Anxiety Inventory (Burns-A) scores. Furthermore, results showed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the STAI between the clinical and the non-clinical subsamples.The psychometric properties of the STAI were adequate. The present study contributes to better understand the STAI structure through the comparison of new approaches in the study of the STAI internal structure. The results found may contribute in the efforts to improve the evaluation and identification of anxiety symptoms and disorders

Photodynamic inactivation of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: lighting the way towards an environmentally friendly phytosanitary treatment

The fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the main causal agents of trunk canker and dieback of grapevine. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of L. theobromae with synthetic and natural photosensitizers and irradiation with either sunlight or artificial photosynthetically active radiation. Although the growth of the mycelium could not be completely prevented with natural sunlight irradiation, phenothiazine dyes (methylene blue, MB; toluidine blue O, TBO), riboflavin and a cationic porphyrin (Tetra-Py+-Me) caused complete inhibition under continuous irradiation with artificial light. Free radicals were the main cytotoxic agents in the PDI with MB, indicating the predominance of the type I mechanism. PDI with MB or Tetra-Py+-Me may represent a promising approach for the sanitation of vine material in greenhouse nurseries, in order to reduce the risk of infection upon grafting.publishe

Cryptovalsa ampelina on Grapevines in N.E. Spain : Identification and Pathogenicity

Surveys conducted in diseased vineyards in Catalonia (N.E. Spain) showed that Cryptovalsa ampelina was very abundant on pruned canes, although it was isolated occasionally from necrotic wood of living plants. Identification of C. ampelina from the pruned canes was based on the morphology of the teleomorph. Its polysporous asci and pigmented allantoid ascospores distinguish it from Eutypa lata, the causal agent of eutypiose. However, cultures of C. ampelina are practically indistinguishable from cultures of other diatrypaceous species, therefore a PCR-based test was developed to identify cultures isolated from cankered wood. The designed species-specific primer pair (Camp- 1/Camp-2R) allowed for the unambiguous identification of C. ampelina in all tested cases involving cultures of diatrypaceous fungi. Additionally, the specificity of the primer pair to C. ampelina was confirmed by testing it on the host and on several other fungi known to occur on grapevine, namely species in the genera Botryosphaeria, Fomitiporia, Phaeoacremonium, Phaeomoniella and Phomopsis. The pathogenicity of C. ampelina on grapevine was confirmed through the observation of significant vascular lesions in artificial inoculations of grapevine plants, but the low frequencies of both mycelium reisolation and wound canker extension would suggest a low virulence for this fungus. Although C. ampelina does not appear to be a major pathogen of grapevine, its implication as a contributing factor to the decline of grapevines should deserve further investigations

Flavored CP asymmetries for type II seesaw leptogenesis

A novel contribution to the leptonic CP asymmetries in type II seesaw leptogenesis scenarios is obtained for the cases in which flavor effects are relevant for the dynamics of leptogenesis. In the so-called flavored leptogenesis regime, the interference between the tree-level amplitude of the scalar triplet decaying into two leptons and the one-loop wave function correction with leptons in the loop, leads to a new nonvanishing CP asymmetry contribution. The latter conserves total lepton number but violates lepton flavor. Cases in which this novel contribution may be dominant in the generation of the baryon asymmetry are briefly discussed

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors For Mortality During the \u27First Wave\u27 of COVID-19 In Reynosa, Tamaulipas

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted public health in Mexico. As of February 2020, there have been at least four waves of contagion that resulted in 5.82 million positive cases and more than 325 thousand deaths. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital and population-based information was available, frequently with non-specific symptoms. Little was known about the risk factors for mortality in specific conditions. We described the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Reynosa, Tamaulipas during 2020 and identified the risk factors for mortality. Methods: The COVID-19 cases registered from March to November 2020 in Reynosa were divided into survivors and non-survivors. The study had a retrospective cohort design. Data was obtained from the platform of the Respiratory Disease Surveillance System (SISVER), belonging to the National Epidemiological Surveillance System (SINAVE) of the Mexican Ministry of Health (https://sinave.gob.mx/). The variables considered were the age and gender of each patient. Twenty-five symptoms were included (fever, cough, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, among others); the outcome variable was the detection of COVID-19. Associated comorbidities were diabetes, obesity, hypertension, among others. The outcome variable was mortality. Data were analyzed using χ2 tests, Mann-Whitney tests, principal component analysis, and the Cox regression model. Results:The highest number of COVID-19 cases and deaths was observed in July, in men between 36-40 years old. The most frequent symptoms (37-51%) were headache, fever, cough, myalgia, and arthralgia. Clinical characteristics between survivors and non-survivors were significant (P Conclusions: The most frequent symptoms in positive COVID-19 patients in Reynosa during 2020 were headache, fever, cough, myalgia, and arthralgia. Age, gender and diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, COPD, and CKD increase mortality. The factors with the highest risk of death were age over 80 years, admitted to the ICU or intubated

Minimal lepton flavor violating realizations of minimal seesaw models

We study the implications of the global U(1)R symmetry present in minimal lepton flavor violating implementations of the seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses. In the context of minimal type I seesaw scenarios with a slightly broken U(1)R, we show that, depending on the R-charge assignments, two classes of generic models can be identified. Models where the right-handed neutrino masses and the lepton number breaking scale are decoupled, and models where the parameters that slightly break the U(1)R induce a suppression in the light neutrino mass matrix. We show that within the first class of models, contributions of right-handed neutrinos to charged lepton flavor violating processes are severely suppressed. Within the second class of models we study the charged lepton flavor violating phenomenology in detail, focusing on mu to e gamma, mu to 3e and mu to e conversion in nuclei. We show that sizable contributions to these processes are naturally obtained for right-handed neutrino masses at the TeV scale. We then discuss the interplay with the effects of the right-handed neutrino interactions on primordial B - L asymmetries, finding that sizable right-handed neutrino contributions to charged lepton flavor violating processes are incompatible with the requirement of generating (or even preserving preexisting) B - L asymmetries consistent with the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures; version 2: Discussion on possible generic models extended, typos corrected, references added. Version matches publication in JHE

Tunable room-temperature spin galvanic and spin Hall effects in van der Waals heterostructures

Spin-orbit coupling stands as a powerful tool to interconvert charge and spin currents and to manipulate the magnetization of magnetic materials through the spin torque phenomena. However, despite the diversity of existing bulk materials and the recent advent of interfacial and low-dimensional effects, control of the interconvertion at room-temperature remains elusive. Here, we unequivocally demonstrate strongly enhanced room-temperature spin-to-charge (StC) conversion in graphene driven by the proximity of a semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide(WS2). By performing spin precession experiments in properly designed Hall bars, we separate the contributions of the spin Hall and the spin galvanic effects. Remarkably, their corresponding conversion effiencies can be tailored by electrostatic gating in magnitude and sign, peaking nearby the charge neutrality point with a magnitude that is comparable to the largest efficiencies reported to date. Such an unprecedented electric-field tunability provides a new building block for spin generation free from magnetic materials and for ultra-compact magnetic memory technologies.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure