El Transporte Público Y Desigualdad Socioeconómica Territorial En La Zona Metropolitana De Toluca

capitulo de transporte publicoLa desigualdad socioeconómica y su relación con el transporte público en la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca, ha tomado mayor auge con la descentralización de la población y actividades socioeconómicas hacia zonas periféricas, originando necesidades de traslado más complejas; por lo tanto es importante que el sistema de transporte público sea compatible con las necesidades de la sociedad urbana-periférica, de no ser así se acentuará aún más la desigualdad que existe geográficamente en la Zona Metropolitana del Estado de México

Use of a truncated conical tank to improve underwater acoustic experiments

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La satisfacción del servicio en el transporte público exclusivo para mujeres

Como parte del desarrollo del sistema de transporte público, este ha presentado problemas de sobrecupo, lo cual se ha traducido en impactos negativos particularmente sobre las mujeres, en especial en lo relativo a los niveles de seguridad, en relación con lo que aquellas han reportado diferentes agresiones. Entre las medidas para reducir lo anterior se implementaron los servicios de transporte exclusivos para mujeres (TEPM) –etiquetados como “transporte rosa”–. En este documento se muestran los resultados de cuantificar la satisfacción de las usuarias del TEPM para el caso del Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (metro) de la ciudad de México. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se diseñó y aplicó una encuesta de satisfacción, a partir de la cual se obtuvo información acerca de los niveles de satisfacción de tres factores del TEPM: cobertura, disponibilidad de asientos, y agresiones sufridas. Los resultados muestran que las características del TEPM no están alineadas con las necesidades de las usuarias, y esto lleva a redefinir los objetivos del transporte exclusivo. Palabras clave: satisfacción del servicio, transporte exclusivo para mujere

Understanding the applicability of terahertz flow-guided nano-networksfor medical applications

Terahertz-based nano-networks are emerging as a groundbreaking technology able to play a decisive role in future medical applications owing to their ability to precisely quantify figures, such as the viral load in a patient or to predict sepsis shock or heart attacks before they occur. Due to the extremely limited size of the devices composing these nano-networks, the use of the Terahertz (THz) band has emerged as the enabling technology for their communication. However, the characteristics of the THz band, which strictly reduce the communication range inside the human body, together with the energy limitations of nano-nodes make the in-body deployment of nano-nodes a challenging task. To overcome these problems, we propose a novel in-body flow-guided nano-network architecture consisting of three different devices: i) nano-node, ii) nano-router, and iii) bio-sensor. As the performance of this type of nano-network has not been previously explored, a theoretical framework capturing all its particularities is derived to properly model its behavior and evaluate its feasibility in real medical applications. Employing this analytical model, a thorough sensitivity study of its key parameters is accomplished. Finally, we analyze the terahertz flow-guided nano-network design to satisfy the requirements of several medical applications of interest

Operating with Quantum Integers: an Efficient 'Multiples of' Oracle

Quantum algorithms are a very promising field. However, creating and manipulating these kind of algorithms is a very complex task, specially for software engineers used to work at higher abstraction levels. The work presented here is part of a broader research focused on providing operations of a higher abstraction level to manipulate integers codified as a superposition. These operations are designed to be composable and efficient, so quantum software developers can reuse them to create more complex solutions. Specifically, in this paper we present a 'multiples of' operation. To validate this operation we show several examples of quantum circuits and their simulations, including its composition possibilities. A theoretical analysis proves that both the complexity of the required classical calculations and the depth of the circuit scale linearly with the number of qubits. Hence, the 'multiples of' oracle is efficient in terms of complexity and depth. Finally, an empirical study of the circuit depth is conducted to further reinforce the theoretical analysis.Comment: 19 pages, 18 figures, preprint submitted to SummerSOC 202

Some Initial Guidelines for Building Reusable Quantum Oracles

The evolution of quantum hardware is highlighting the need for advances in quantum software engineering that help developers create quantum software with good quality attributes. Specifically, reusability has been traditionally considered an important quality attribute in terms of efficiency of cost and effort. Increasing the reusability of quantum software will help developers create more complex solutions, by reusing simpler components, with better quality attributes, as long as the reused components have also these attributes. This work focuses on the reusability of oracles, a well-known pattern of quantum algorithms that can be used to perform functions used as input by other algorithms. In particular, in this work, we present several guidelines for making reusable quantum oracles. These guidelines include three different levels for oracle reuse: the ideas inspiring the oracle, the function which creates the oracle, and the oracle itself. To demonstrate these guidelines, two different implementations of a range of integers oracle have been built by reusing simpler oracles. The quality of these implementations is evaluated in terms of functionality and quantum circuit depth. Then, we provide an example of documentation following the proposed guidelines for both implementations to foster reuse of the provided oracles. This work aims to be a first point of discussion towards quantum software reusability. Additional work is needed to establish more specific criteria for quantum software reusability.Comment: 10 page

Análisis comparativo de ciclo de vida de autobuses urbanos Euro 4 con sistema de postratamiento de gases de escape

La normativa EURO 4 marca un límite de emisiones contaminantes respecto a la emisión de NOx, partículas que han obligado al fabricante y, en concreto, a la ingeniería del motor a realizar estudios del funcionamiento del motor y del sistema de tratamiento de gases de escape radicalmente diferentes. En concreto, los estudios realizados han sido dos; por un lado, en motores que reducen la temperatura en cámara mediante recirculación de gases de escape (EGR) para reducción de NOx e incorporan filtro de partículas en el escape, y por el otro lado en motores que trabajan a altas temperaturas para reducción de partículas e incorporan un sistema catalítico selectivo (SCR) para reducir el NOx utilizando urea. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio comparativo de ambos sistemas para determinar el mejor comportamiento frente al requerimiento de energía, emisiones de gases efecto invernadero, contaminantes en un ciclo de vida global. Para ello, se tomarán los datos adquiridos del ciclo de conducción real de consumo y emisiones contaminantes, mediante un equipo de medidas embarcado a bordo del autobús. Completado el análisis del pozo a la rueda, se incluirá el análisis energético del cambio del gasóleo, de la urea. Finalmente, utilizando el programa GaBi 4, de análisis del ciclo de vida, se evaluará el impacto medioambiental al proceso de fabricación y reciclado, de ambos sistemas de postratamiento de gases de escape

Transgene-free, virus-based gene silencing in plants by artificial microRNAs derived from minimal precursors

[EN] Artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) are highly specific, 21-nucleotide (nt) small RNAs designed to silence target transcripts. In plants, their application as biotechnological tools for functional genomics or crop improvement is limited by the need of transgenically expressing long primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) precursors to produce the amiRNAs in vivo. Here, we analyzed the minimal structural and sequence requirements for producing effective amiRNAs from the widely used, 521-nt long AtMIR390a pri-miRNA from Arabidopsisthaliana. We functionally screened in Nicotiana benthamiana a large collection of constructs transiently expressing amiRNAs against endogenous genes and from artificially shortened MIR390-based precursors and concluded that highly effective and accurately processed amiRNAs can be produced from a chimeric precursor of only 89 nt. This minimal precursor was further validated in A. thaliana transgenic plants expressing amiRNAs against endogenous genes. Remarkably, minimal but not full-length precursors produce authentic amiRNAs and induce widespread gene silencing in N.benthamiana when expressed from an RNA virus, which can be applied into leaves by spraying infectious crude extracts. Our results reveal that the length of amiRNA precursors can be shortened without affecting silencing efficacy, and that viral vectors including minimal amiRNA precursors can be applied in a transgene-free manner to induce whole-plant gene silencing.[EN] Graphical AbstractMinisterio de Ciencia y Universidades (MCU, Spain); Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI, Spain); Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, European Union) [PID2021-122186OB-100 and RYC-2017-21648 to A.C., PID2020-114691RB-I00 to J.-A.D. and PRE2019088439 to A.E.C.]; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC, Spain) [JAEINT 20 01312 to T.M.G.]; European Commission [Erasmus + Grant Agreement 20201-DE01-KA103-005653 to A.P.]. Funding for open access charge: CSIC Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [PID2021-122186OB-100].Cisneros, AE.; Martin-Garcia, T.; Primc, A.; Kuziuta, W.; Sanchez-Vicente, J.; Aragonés, V.; Daròs, J.... (2023). Transgene-free, virus-based gene silencing in plants by artificial microRNAs derived from minimal precursors. Nucleic Acids Research. 51(19):10719-10736. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkad7471071910736511

IMU-based monitoring of discharged patients with COVID-19 for the assessment of in-home recovering

No abstract available.publishe

Trabectedin plus radiotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma: experience in forty patients treated at a sarcoma reference center

Symptomatic control and tumoral shrinkage is an unmet need in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients beyond first-line. The combination of trabectedin and radiotherapy showed activity in a recently reported clinical trial in this setting. This retrospective series aims to analyze our experience with the same regimen in the real-life setting. We retrospectively reviewed advanced sarcoma patients treated with trabectedin concomitantly with radiotherapy with palliative intent. Growth-modulation index (GMI) was calculated as a surrogate of efficacy. Forty metastatic patients were analyzed. According to RECIST, there was one (2.5%) complete response, 12 (30%) partial responses, 18 (45%) disease stabilizations, and nine (22.5%) progressions. After a median follow-up of 15 months (range 2–38), median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 7.5 months (95% CI 2.8–12.2) and 23.5 months (95% CI 1.1–45.8), respectively. Median GMI was 1.42 (range 0.19–23.76), and in 16 (53%) patients, it was >1.33. In patients with GMI >1.33, median OS was significantly longer than in those with GMI 0–1.33 (median OS 52.1 months (95% CI not reached) vs. 8.9 months (95% CI 6.3–11.6), p = 0.028). The combination of trabectedin plus radiotherapy is an active therapeutic option in patients with advanced STS, especially when tumor shrinkage for symptomatic relief is neede