12,458 research outputs found

    Emotional Brain-Computer Interfaces

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    Research in Brain-computer interface (BCI) has significantly increased during the last few years. In addition to their initial role as assisting devices for the physically challenged, BCIs are now proposed for a wider range of applications. As in any HCI application, BCIs can also benefit from adapting their operation to the emotional state of the user. BCIs have the advantage of having access to brain activity which can provide signicant insight into the user's emotional state. This information can be utilized in two manners. 1) Knowledge of the inuence of the emotional state on brain activity patterns can allow the BCI to adapt its recognition algorithms, so that the intention of the user is still correctly interpreted in spite of signal deviations induced by the subject's emotional state. 2) The ability to recognize emotions can be used in BCIs to provide the user with more natural ways of controlling the BCI through affective modulation. Thus, controlling a BCI by recollecting a pleasant memory can be possible and can potentially lead to higher information transfer rates.\ud These two approaches of emotion utilization in BCI are elaborated in detail in this paper in the framework of noninvasive EEG based BCIs

    Interactive Data Exploration with Smart Drill-Down

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    We present {\em smart drill-down}, an operator for interactively exploring a relational table to discover and summarize "interesting" groups of tuples. Each group of tuples is described by a {\em rule}. For instance, the rule (a,b,,1000)(a, b, \star, 1000) tells us that there are a thousand tuples with value aa in the first column and bb in the second column (and any value in the third column). Smart drill-down presents an analyst with a list of rules that together describe interesting aspects of the table. The analyst can tailor the definition of interesting, and can interactively apply smart drill-down on an existing rule to explore that part of the table. We demonstrate that the underlying optimization problems are {\sc NP-Hard}, and describe an algorithm for finding the approximately optimal list of rules to display when the user uses a smart drill-down, and a dynamic sampling scheme for efficiently interacting with large tables. Finally, we perform experiments on real datasets on our experimental prototype to demonstrate the usefulness of smart drill-down and study the performance of our algorithms

    Física per a regalar

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    L’orientació dels estudiants amb discapacitat de la Universitat Jaume I

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    XVII Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2012)L’objectiu d’aquesta investigació és conèixer la percepció que tenen sobre l’orientació els alumnes amb discapacitat de la Universitat Jaume I (UJI). Aquest treball, parteix d’un treball previ realitzat en el 2011 per varies estudiants entre qui es troba l’autora d’aquest estudi actual). En el primer, es va realitzar un primer anàlisi, enfocant les dades recollides en quatre tipus de població: alumnes amb discapacitat, professors, companys d’alumnes amb discapacitat i personal d’administració i serveis. Es tracta d’un disseny de tipus descriptiu, que utilitza el mètode d’enquesta i com a instrument el qüestionari, realitzat per les integrants del primer estudi. A més, també s’hi afegeixen dades per mitjà de l’entrevista a un subjecte amb discapacitat, que dóna una visió més concreta sobre el tema a analitzar. Els resultats, semblen indicar que la majoria dels estudiants amb discapacitat han rebut Orientació Escolar i opinen que aquesta els ha servit per prendre decisions futures; destaca l’orientació Informativa i d’Assessorament, i aquella rebuda al Batxillerat; a més, destaca que la meitat d’aquests ha buscat orientació fora del Centre Escolar. Pel que fa a les respostes qualitatives, denoten aquest últim ítem i resolen dubtes entorn a les respostes dicotòmiques del qüestionari

    Dones i ciència

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    Dones i ciència

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    Coexistence in neutral theories: interplay of criticality and mild local preferences

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    Neutral theories have played a crucial and revolutionary role in fields such as population genetics and biogeography. These theories are critical by definition, in the sense that the overall growth rate of each single allele/species/type vanishes. Thus each species in a neutral model sits at the edge between invasion and extinction, allowing for the coexistence of symmetric/neutral types. However, in finite systems, mono-dominated states are ineludibly reached in relatively short times owing to demographic fluctuations, thus leaving us with an unsatisfactory framework to rationalize empirically-observed long-term coexistence. Here, we scrutinize the effect of heterogeneity in quasi-neutral theories, in which there can be a local mild preference for some of the competing species at some sites, even if the overall species symmetry is maintained. As we show here, mild biases at a small fraction of locations suffice to induce overall robust and durable species coexistence, even in regions arbitrarily far apart from the biased locations. This result stems from the long-range nature of the underlying critical bulk dynamics and has a number of implications, for example, in conservation ecology as it suggests that constructing local specific "sanctuaries" for different competing species can result in global enhancement of biodiversity, even in regions arbitrarily distant from the protected refuges.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experimen

    Física per a regalar

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    Ironía y autismo: un estudio preliminar del impacto de los estímulos visuales

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    This study investigates whether autistic participants are able to respond in a similar way to neurotypical (NT) participants in a novel visual irony task presented in an app format, and whether their verbal abilities can affect its comprehension. Twenty British children between 8 and 16 years old – 9 of them with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders, ASD; and 11 NT – completed the tasks. A second group also emerged due to their verbal IQ. Autistic children were able to understand the fundamental basis of irony presented in a visual format. This design, based on visual forced-choice response that shows all the information at once, would be a suitable format to focus the attention of autistic individuals on important details and therefore decrease the working memory load.El presente trabajo investiga si los participantes con autismo responden de forma similar a los participantes con desarrollo neurotípico (NT) en una tarea de ironías visuales presentada en formato app; y si sus habilidades verbales pueden afectar a su comprensión. Veinte niños británicos de entre 8 y 16 años - 9 diagnosticados de Trastorno del Espectro Autista, TEA; y 11 NT - completaron las diferentes tareas administradas. Además, una segunda agrupación resultó debido a la clasificación según su CI verbal. La tarea consistía en tres escenarios irónicos completamente visuales con respuestas visuales de elección. Las personas con autismo fueron capaces de entender la base fundamental de una ironía presentada en un formato visual. Esto, podría ser debido a la reducción del peso verbal en la tarea. Este diseño de preguntas pautadas de respuesta visual y mostradas a la vez que la historia visual, sería un formato apto para centrar la atención de las personas con autismo en los detalles importantes y disminuir la carga de memoria de trabajo
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