12,458 research outputs found
Emotional Brain-Computer Interfaces
Research in Brain-computer interface (BCI) has significantly increased during the last few years. In addition to their initial role as assisting devices for the physically challenged, BCIs are now proposed for a wider range of applications. As in any HCI application, BCIs can also benefit from adapting their operation to the emotional state of the user. BCIs have the advantage of having access to brain activity which can provide signicant insight into the user's emotional state. This information can be utilized in two manners. 1) Knowledge of the inuence of the emotional state on brain activity patterns can allow the BCI to adapt its recognition algorithms, so that the intention of the user is still correctly interpreted in spite of signal deviations induced by the subject's emotional state. 2) The ability to recognize emotions can be used in BCIs to provide the user with more natural ways of controlling the BCI through affective modulation. Thus, controlling a BCI by recollecting a pleasant memory can be possible and can potentially lead to higher information transfer rates.\ud
These two approaches of emotion utilization in BCI are elaborated in detail in this paper in the framework of noninvasive EEG based BCIs
Interactive Data Exploration with Smart Drill-Down
We present {\em smart drill-down}, an operator for interactively exploring a
relational table to discover and summarize "interesting" groups of tuples. Each
group of tuples is described by a {\em rule}. For instance, the rule tells us that there are a thousand tuples with value in the
first column and in the second column (and any value in the third column).
Smart drill-down presents an analyst with a list of rules that together
describe interesting aspects of the table. The analyst can tailor the
definition of interesting, and can interactively apply smart drill-down on an
existing rule to explore that part of the table. We demonstrate that the
underlying optimization problems are {\sc NP-Hard}, and describe an algorithm
for finding the approximately optimal list of rules to display when the user
uses a smart drill-down, and a dynamic sampling scheme for efficiently
interacting with large tables. Finally, we perform experiments on real datasets
on our experimental prototype to demonstrate the usefulness of smart drill-down
and study the performance of our algorithms
L’orientació dels estudiants amb discapacitat de la Universitat Jaume I
XVII Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2012)L’objectiu d’aquesta investigació és conèixer la percepció que tenen
sobre l’orientació els alumnes amb discapacitat de la Universitat Jaume I
(UJI). Aquest treball, parteix d’un treball previ realitzat en el 2011 per
varies estudiants entre qui es troba l’autora d’aquest estudi actual). En el
primer, es va realitzar un primer anàlisi, enfocant les dades recollides en
quatre tipus de població: alumnes amb discapacitat, professors,
companys d’alumnes amb discapacitat i personal d’administració i
serveis.
Es tracta d’un disseny de tipus descriptiu, que utilitza el mètode
d’enquesta i com a instrument el qüestionari, realitzat per les integrants
del primer estudi. A més, també s’hi afegeixen dades per mitjà de
l’entrevista a un subjecte amb discapacitat, que dóna una visió més
concreta sobre el tema a analitzar.
Els resultats, semblen indicar que la majoria dels estudiants amb
discapacitat han rebut Orientació Escolar i opinen que aquesta els ha
servit per prendre decisions futures; destaca l’orientació Informativa i
d’Assessorament, i aquella rebuda al Batxillerat; a més, destaca que la
meitat d’aquests ha buscat orientació fora del Centre Escolar. Pel que fa a
les respostes qualitatives, denoten aquest últim ítem i resolen dubtes
entorn a les respostes dicotòmiques del qüestionari
Coexistence in neutral theories: interplay of criticality and mild local preferences
Neutral theories have played a crucial and revolutionary role in fields such
as population genetics and biogeography. These theories are critical by
definition, in the sense that the overall growth rate of each single
allele/species/type vanishes. Thus each species in a neutral model sits at the
edge between invasion and extinction, allowing for the coexistence of
symmetric/neutral types. However, in finite systems, mono-dominated states are
ineludibly reached in relatively short times owing to demographic fluctuations,
thus leaving us with an unsatisfactory framework to rationalize
empirically-observed long-term coexistence. Here, we scrutinize the effect of
heterogeneity in quasi-neutral theories, in which there can be a local mild
preference for some of the competing species at some sites, even if the overall
species symmetry is maintained. As we show here, mild biases at a small
fraction of locations suffice to induce overall robust and durable species
coexistence, even in regions arbitrarily far apart from the biased locations.
This result stems from the long-range nature of the underlying critical bulk
dynamics and has a number of implications, for example, in conservation ecology
as it suggests that constructing local specific "sanctuaries" for different
competing species can result in global enhancement of biodiversity, even in
regions arbitrarily distant from the protected refuges.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory
and Experimen
Ironía y autismo: un estudio preliminar del impacto de los estímulos visuales
This study investigates whether autistic participants are able to respond in a
similar way to neurotypical (NT) participants in a novel visual irony task
presented in an app format, and whether their verbal abilities can affect its
comprehension. Twenty British children between 8 and 16 years old – 9 of them
with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders, ASD; and 11 NT – completed the
tasks. A second group also emerged due to their verbal IQ. Autistic children were
able to understand the fundamental basis of irony presented in a visual format.
This design, based on visual forced-choice response that shows all the information
at once, would be a suitable format to focus the attention of autistic individuals on
important details and therefore decrease the working memory load.El presente trabajo investiga si los participantes con autismo responden de forma
similar a los participantes con desarrollo neurotípico (NT) en una tarea de ironías
visuales presentada en formato app; y si sus habilidades verbales pueden afectar a
su comprensión. Veinte niños británicos de entre 8 y 16 años - 9 diagnosticados
de Trastorno del Espectro Autista, TEA; y 11 NT - completaron las diferentes
tareas administradas. Además, una segunda agrupación resultó debido a la
clasificación según su CI verbal. La tarea consistía en tres escenarios irónicos
completamente visuales con respuestas visuales de elección. Las personas con
autismo fueron capaces de entender la base fundamental de una ironía presentada
en un formato visual. Esto, podría ser debido a la reducción del peso verbal en la
tarea. Este diseño de preguntas pautadas de respuesta visual y mostradas a la vez
que la historia visual, sería un formato apto para centrar la atención de las
personas con autismo en los detalles importantes y disminuir la carga de memoria
de trabajo
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