Lost in knowledge translation:Our shifting research landscape

In 2018 there is a new research modality. Research is increasingly produced by individuals and organizations not formally affiliated with academic institutions; based on funding that does not come from the public sphere; aligned with and intended to support advocacy perspectives and is designed for use by particular communities and agents. The new research modality presents challenges and opportunities. While all of these new agents in the research landscape are well educated and qualified to conduct research, in many cases they are operating outside of the traditional research environment and perhaps with a different set of “research cultural norms”. This new research modality in fact begs for a solution similar to that promoted within the health sciences field – a model of knowledge translation. A panel of researchers drawn from across the new research landscape will engage with information professionals to discuss six key questions.</p

On fast CP violating interactions in leptogenesis

We show that when the relevant CP violating interactions in leptogenesis are fast, the different matter density asymmetries are determined at each instant by a balance condition between the amount of asymmetry being created and destroyed. This fact allows to understand in a simple way many features of leptogenesis in the strong washout regime. In particular, we find some non-trivial effects of flavour changing interactions that conserve lepton number, which are specially relevant in models for leptogenesis that rely heavily on flavour effects.Comment: V2: To match published version in JCAP. Minor changes, including one figure, with respect to V1. 17 pages, 4 figure

Experimental verification of four wave mixing efficiency characteristics in a few mode fibre

We introduce two techniques to measure the efficiency of inter mode FWM with respect to intra mode FWM. The first technique allows an estimation of the additional FWM penalty for any given system; the second isolates the contribution of each mode. Measurements are compared to an analytical model showing the FWM signal increases by ∼2dB with inter mode phase matching

Spectrum of density fluctuations in Brans-Dicke chaotic inflation

In the context of Brans--Dicke theories, eternal inflation is described in such a way that the evolution of the inflaton field is determined by the value of the Planck mass in different regions of the universe. The Planck mass is given by the values of the Brans--Dicke field, which is coupled to the scalar curvature in the Lagrangian. We first calculate the joint probability distributions of the inflaton and Brans--Dicke fields, in order to compute the 3--volume ratios of homogeneous regions with arbitrary values of the fields still undergoing inflation with respect to thermalized regions. From these volume ratios one is able to extract information on the values of the fields measured by a typical observer for a given potential and, in particular, the typical value of the Planck mass at the end of inflation. In this paper, we investigate volume ratios using a regularization procedure suggested by Vilenkin, and the results are applied to powerlaw and double--well potentials. The spectrum of density fluctuations is calculated for generic potentials, and we discuss the likelihood of various scenarios that could tell us whether our region of the universe is typical or untypical depending on very general bounds on the evolution of the Brans--Dicke field.Comment: 26 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript file, two figures include

A Triple-A supply chain measurement model: validation and analysis

"This article is (c) Emerald Group Publishing and permission has been granted for this version to appear here https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-06-2018-0233. Emerald does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Emerald Group Publishing Limited"[EN] Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish definitions and dimensions of Triple-A supply chain (SC) variables based on a literature review and to validate a Triple-A SC measurement model using a worldwide multiple informant sample. Design/methodology/approach Following a literature review, Triple-A SC variables (agility, alignment and adaptability) are conceptualized and a list of possible items is created for their measurement. An international 309 plant sample is used to validate the convergent and criterion validities of the composites proposed to measure Triple-A SC. Findings Contributions to the literature: clarification of Triple-A SC variable concepts; identification of key dimensions of Triple-A SC variables; development of a validated Triple-A SC measurement scale for future empirical research and industrial applications. Research limitations/implications A rigorously validated instrument is needed to measure Triple-A SC variables and enable researchers to credibly test theories regarding causal links between capabilities, practices and performance. Practical implications Proposal of a scale for use by managers of different functions to analyze Triple-A SC deployment in the company. Originality/value The only Triple-A SC scale used in the previous literature has serious limitations: scales were not taken from an extended literature review; data were collected from single respondents in a single country. This is the first validated Triple-A SC measurement model to overcome these limitations.This study has been conducted within the frameworks of the following projects: 'Accion especial SGUIT-2015 (SBAPA2015-06) HPM-(Project 2015/148 U.S.)-Junta de Andalucia (Spain); PAIDI Excellence Project P08-SEJ-0384-Junta de Andalucia (Spain); and DPI2009-11148-Spanish National Program of Industrial Design and Production.Marin-Garcia, JA.; Alfalla-Luque, R.; Machuca, JA. (2018). A Triple-A supply chain measurement model: validation and analysis. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management. 48(10):976-994. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-06-2018-0233S9769944810Agarwal, A., Shankar, R., & Tiwari, M. K. (2007). Modeling agility of supply chain. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(4), 443-457. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.12.004Alfalla-Luque, R., & Medina-López, C. (2009). Supply Chain Management: Unheard of in the 1970s, core to today’s company. Business History, 51(2), 202-221. doi:10.1080/00076790902726558Alfalla-Luque, R., Machuca, J. A. D., & Marin-Garcia, J. A. (2018). Triple-A and competitive advantage in supply chains: Empirical research in developed countries. International Journal of Production Economics, 203, 48-61. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.05.020Arana-Solares, I., Machuca, J.A.D. and Alfalla-Luque, R. (2011), “Proposed framework for research in the triple A (agility, adaptability, alignment in supply chains”, in Flynn, B., Morita, M. and Machuca, J.A.D. (Eds), Managing Global Supply Chain Relationships: Operations, Strategies and Practices, IGI Global, Hershey, PA, pp. 306-321, doi: 10.4018/978-1-61692-862-9.ch013.Attia, A. (2015). Testing the effect of marketing strategy alignment and triple-A supply chain on performance in Egypt. EuroMed Journal of Business, 10(2), 163-180. doi:10.1108/emjb-07-2014-0020Bagozzi, R. P., Yi, Y., & Phillips, L. W. (1991). Assessing Construct Validity in Organizational Research. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3), 421. doi:10.2307/2393203Bi, Z. M., Lang, S. Y. T., Shen, W., & Wang, L. (2008). Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: the state of the art. International Journal of Production Research, 46(4), 967-992. doi:10.1080/00207540600905646Christopher, M. (2000). The Agile Supply Chain. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(1), 37-44. doi:10.1016/s0019-8501(99)00110-8Christopher, M., & Holweg, M. (2011). «Supply Chain 2.0»: managing supply chains in the era of turbulence. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 41(1), 63-82. doi:10.1108/09600031111101439DeGroote, S. E., & Marx, T. G. (2013). The impact of IT on supply chain agility and firm performance: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Information Management, 33(6), 909-916. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.09.001Dong, H., & Dong, S. (2013). Study and Application of Supplier Performance Evaluation System Based on the Triple-A Supply Chain. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 397-400, 2636-2640. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2636Dubey, R., & Gunasekaran, A. (2015). The sustainable humanitarian supply chain design: agility, adaptability and alignment. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 19(1), 62-82. doi:10.1080/13675567.2015.1015511Dubey, R., Singh, T., & Gupta, O. K. (2015). Impact of Agility, Adaptability and Alignment on Humanitarian Logistics Performance: Mediating Effect of Leadership. Global Business Review, 16(5), 812-831. doi:10.1177/0972150915591463Durach, C. F., Kembro, J., & Wieland, A. (2017). A New Paradigm for Systematic Literature Reviews in Supply Chain Management. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 53(4), 67-85. doi:10.1111/jscm.12145Ismail, H. S., & Sharifi, H. (2006). A balanced approach to building agile supply chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 36(6), 431-444. doi:10.1108/09600030610677384Kabra, G., & Ramesh, A. (2016). Information Technology, Mutual Trust, Flexibility, Agility, Adaptability: Understanding Their Linkages and Impact on Humanitarian Supply Chain Management Performance. Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, 7(2), 79-103. doi:10.1002/rhc3.12096Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Roldán, J. L., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2016). Factors Influencing Residents’ Perceptions toward Tourism Development: Differences across Rural and Urban World Heritage Sites. Journal of Travel Research, 56(6), 760-775. doi:10.1177/0047287516662354Ringle, C.M., Wende, S. and Becker, J.M. (2015), “Smartpls 3. boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH”, available at: www.smartpls.com (accessed July 2018)

Predictions from Quantum Cosmology

The world view suggested by quantum cosmology is that inflating universes with all possible values of the fundamental constants are spontaneously created out of nothing. I explore the consequences of the assumption that we are a `typical' civilization living in this metauniverse. The conclusions include inflation with an extremely flat potential and low thermalization temperature, structure formation by topological defects, and an appreciable cosmological constant.Comment: (revised version), 15 page

Atmospheric lepton fluxes at ultrahigh energies

In order to estimate the possibility to observe exotic physics in a neutrino telescope, it is essential to first understand the flux of atmospheric neutrinos, muons and dimuons. We study the production of these leptons by high-energy cosmic rays. We identify three main sources of muons of energy E > 10^6 GeV: the weak decay of charm and bottom mesons and the electromagnetic decay of unflavored mesons. Contrary to the standard assumption, we find that eta mesons, not the prompt decay of charm hadrons, are the dominant source of atmospheric muons at these energies. We show that, as a consequence, the ratio between the neutrino and muon fluxes is significantly reduced. For dimuons, which may be a background for long-lived staus produced near a neutrino telescope, we find that pairs of E ~ 10^7 GeV forming an angle above 10^-6 rad are produced through D (80%) or B (10%) meson decay and through Drell-Yan proceses (10%). The frequency of all these processes has been evaluated using the jet code PYTHIA.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures; published versio

Non-equilibrium Goldstone phenomenon in tachyonic preheating

The dominance of the direct production of elementary Goldstone waves is demonstrated in tachyonic preheating by numerically determining the evolution of the dispersion relation, the equation of state and the kinetic power spectra for the angular degree of freedom of the complex matter field. The importance of the domain structure in the order parameter distribution for the quantitative understanding of the excitation mechanism is emphasized. Evidence is presented for the very early decoupling of the low-momentum Goldstone modes.Comment: 14 LaTeX pages, 5 figures, version published in Phys. Rev.

Improved understanding of drought controls on seasonal variation in Mediterranean forest canopy CO2 and water fluxes through combined in situ measurements and ecosystem modelling

Water stress is a defining characteristic of Mediterranean ecosystems, and is likely to become more severe in the coming decades. Simulation models are key tools for making predictions, but our current understanding of how soil moisture controls ecosystem functioning is not sufficient to adequately constrain parameterisations. Canopy-scale flux data from four forest ecosystems with Mediterranean-type climates were used in order to analyse the physiological controls on carbon and water flues through the year. Significant non-stomatal limitations on photosynthesis were detected, along with lesser changes in the conductance-assimilation relationship. New model parameterisations were derived and implemented in two contrasting modelling approaches. The effectiveness of two models, one a dynamic global vegetation model ('ORCHIDEE'), and the other a forest growth model particularly developed for Mediterranean simulations ('GOTILWA+'), was assessed and modelled canopy responses to seasonal changes in soil moisture were analysed in comparison with in situ flux measurements. In contrast to commonly held assumptions, we find that changing the ratio of conductance to assimilation under natural, seasonally-developing, soil moisture stress is not sufficient to reproduce forest canopy CO2 and water fluxes. However, accurate predictions of both CO2 and water fluxes under all soil moisture levels encountered in the field are obtained if photosynthetic capacity is assumed to vary with soil moisture. This new parameterisation has important consequences for simulated responses of carbon and water fluxes to seasonal soil moisture stress, and should greatly improve our ability to anticipate future impacts of climate changes on the functioning of ecosystems in Mediterranean-type climates

Dynamics of tachyonic preheating after hybrid inflation

We study the instability of a scalar field at the end of hybrid inflation, using both analytical techniques and numerical simulations. We improve previous studies by taking the inflaton field fully into account, and show that the range of unstable modes depends sensitively on the velocity of the inflaton field, and thereby on the Hubble rate, at the end of inflation. If topological defects are formed, their number density is determined by the shortest unstable wavelength. Finally, we show that the oscillations of the inflaton field amplify the inhomogeneities in the energy density, leading to local symmetry restoration and faster thermalization. We believe this explains why tachyonic preheating is so effective in transferring energy away from the inflaton zero mode.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, REVTeX. Minor changes, some references added. To appear in PR