55 research outputs found

    Effect of surface treatments on the bond strength of CAD/CAM fiberglass posts

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    Background: There is no ideal protocol for the surface treatment of fiber posts, especially when using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) experimental fiberglass block. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a CAD/CAM customized glass fiber post and core after applying different surface treatment techniques. Material and Methods: Forty premolars were prepared to receive a customized CAD/CAM glass-fiber post and core obtained from an experimental block of glass fiber and epoxy resin. The specimens were randomly distributed in 4 groups (n=10) according to the post and core surface treatment: ETH - 70% ethanol; HP - 24% hydrogen peroxide for 1 minute; ETH/S - 70% ethanol + silane; HP/S - 24% hydrogen peroxide + silane. The universal adhesive containing silane was applied on the posts and prepared post spaces in all groups. The posts were cemented using dual cure resin cement. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h, cut (two slices of 1 mm for each root third - coronal, middle, and apical) and subjected to push-out test (0.5 mm/min). Data was subjected to two-way ANOVA (surface treatment and root third) and Tukey?s test (?=0,05). Results: There was no significant difference of bond strength values among groups, regardless the surface treatment ( p >0.05). There was significant difference on bond strength values for the different root thirds ( p - middle=apical). Conclusions: The different surface treatment and application of additional silane in the CAD/CAM customized glass-fiber post and core does not interfere on bond strength values. The root dentin third interfered on the bond strength, with higher values for the coronal third

    Effect of different bleaching protocols on whitening efficiency and enamel superficial microhardness

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    Tooth bleaching is a popular aesthetic treatment to modify the color of teeth. Despite the extensive literature concerning the subject, there is still no consensus regarding the application mode of the different bleaching agents and their effect on enamel. Therefore, this study evaluated the influence of different bleaching protocols on whitening efficiency and enamel superficial hardness. Bovine enamel fragments were embedded in acrylic resin and wet-sanded to obtain a flat buccal surface. The specimens were then randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10), based on the bleaching material [HP Maxx 35% (35% hydrogen peroxide), HP Blue 35% (35% hydrogen peroxide + Ca) and Whiteness Perfect 10% (10% carbamide peroxide)] and application mode (3 applications of 15 min, 1 application of 45 min, 1 application of 1h30 or 1 application of 3h30). The color and superficial hardness were assessed before and after bleaching. The color was assessed by means of a digital spectrophotometer, using CIELab parameters. Vickers hardness was determined using a load of 200g for 10s. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey?s test (? = 0.05). Concerning the color alteration, the groups were similar to each other, except for at-home bleaching protocols, which were statistically different from each other. Similarly, there was a reduction in hardness values comparing the initial and final periods, with lowest final hardness for the at-home bleaching protocol group applied for 3h30. It can be concluded that the bleaching protocols influenced the final color and enamel surface hardness, evidencing that lower gel concentrations applied for longer periods promoted greater variation in color and lower final hardness

    AS FRAGILIDADES DO PRINCÍPIO DE UNIVERSALIDADE PERCEBIDAS PELOS USUÁRIOS DO SUS: UMA QUESTÃO DE EQUIDADE

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    Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a percepção dos usuários sobre as fragilidades do acesso às ações e aos serviços de saúde no SUS, discutindo-as a luz dos princípios da universalidade e da equidade. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com 24 usuários. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas, e analisados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A partir da análise das 24 entrevistas, foi possível identificar 1178 unidades de registro distribuídas em 78 temas. Este conjunto de dados deu origem a 06 categorias. Para efeitos desse estudo, será discutida apenas a categoria IV, que foi nomeada: fragilidades no processo de atendimento na concretização do principio de universalidade. Resultados: Os atores sociais discursam sobre os atendimentos que são intermediados pelos profissionais de saúde; ou até mesmo atendimentos que são facilitados por pessoas que possuem conhecimentos dentro do Sistema. Outros usuários ainda fazem menção à necessidade de possuir carteira assinada para ser atendido no SUS. Outra questão em destaque é o aspecto social, pois alguns afirmam que “ricos” e “pobres” possuem tratamentos diferenciados dentro do SUS. E, por fim, os participantes exercem uma comparação entre o SUS e a rede privada. Conclusão: Os usuários fazem menção às desigualdades encontradas dentro do sistema, caracterizando assim, fragilidades do princípio de universalidade que deveria garantir atendimento para todos os indivíduos de acordo com suas necessidades e sem nenhum tipo de privilégios ou cobrança por isto

    AMBIENTE HOSPITALAR E DINÂMICA DO ACESSO: O DESVELAR DE DIFICULDADES PERCEBIDAS POR USUÁRIOS DO SUS NOS ANOS 2000

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    Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos usuários sobre as dificuldades de acesso existentes nos serviços de saúde do SUS nos anos 2000. Materiais e Métodos: Possui abordagem qualitativa, tendo como cenário um hospital federal geral de grande porte localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Participaram do estudo 24 usuários em atendimento no cenário escolhido. Os dados foram coletados utilizando- se a técnica de entrevista semi estruturada. A análise dos dados foi realizada através da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Os usuários reconhecem a existência de direitos no SUS e a ampliação do acesso. Dentre as dificuldades encontradas estão as relacionadas à entrada e ao fluxo do sistema, desde conseguir atendimento, consulta até internação. Conclusão: Diante disso, percebe-se que os usuários possuem consciência de seus direitos e percebem que estes não estão sendo atingidos totalmente. Acredita-se que o enfrentamento das dificuldades torna-se um caminho para se alcançar um sistema de saúde que promova alguma justiça social no país

    Social determinants of leprosy in a hyperendemic State in North Brazil

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    OBJECTIVE To identify the socioeconomic, demographic, operational, and health service-related factors associated with the occurrence of leprosy in a hyperendemic State in North Brazil. METHODS This is an ecological study based on secondary data from the Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação in municipalities of the State of Tocantins from 2001 to 2012. Units of analysis were the 139 municipalities of the State. Negative binomial log linear regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios. RESULTS In bivariate analysis, the incidence rate ratios were significantly higher for municipalities with higher income ratio of the poorest 20.0% (1.47; 95%CI 1.19–1.81) and better Municipal Human Development Index (1.53; 95%CI 1.14–2.06). In multivariate analysis, the incidence rate ratios were significantly higher in municipalities with higher proportion of immigrants (1.31; 95%CI 1.11–1.55) and higher proportion of households with waste collection (1.37; 95%CI 1.11–1.69). There was a significant reduction in the incidence rate ratio with increased coverage of the Bolsa Família Program (0.98; 95%CI 0.96–0.99). CONCLUSIONS Control programs need to focus on activities in municipalities of greater social vulnerability with intersectoral investment for the improvement of the living conditions of the population.OBJETIVO Identificar fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, operacionais e de serviços de saúde associados à ocorrência da hanseníase em um estado hiperendêmico do norte do Brasil. MÉTODOS Estudo ecológico com dados secundários do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação em municípios do estado do Tocantins de 2001 a 2012. As unidades de análise foram os 139 municípios do estado. Modelos de regressão log linear binomial negativa foram utilizados para estimar as razões de taxas de incidência. RESULTADOS Na análise bivariada, a razão de taxa de incidência foi significativamente maior para os municípios com maior razão de renda dos 20,0% mais pobres (1,47; IC95% 1,19–1,81) e melhor Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (1,53; IC95% 1,14–2,06). Na múltipla, a razão de taxa de incidência foi significativamente superior em municípios com maior concentração de imigrantes (1,31; IC95% 1,11–1,55) e proporção de domicílios com coleta de lixo (1,37; IC95% 1,11–1,69). Houve redução significativa da razão de taxa de incidência com o aumento da cobertura do programa bolsa família (0,98; IC95% 0,96–0,99). CONCLUSÕES Os programas de controle precisam focar as atividades em municípios de maior vulnerabilidade social com investimentos intersetoriais para a melhoria das condições de vida da população

    Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

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    Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities
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