Electrical signature of individual magnetic skyrmions in multilayered systems

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected whirling spin textures that can be stabilized in magnetic materials in which a chiral interaction is present. Their limited size together with their robustness against the external perturbations promote them as the ultimate magnetic storage bit in a novel generation of memory and logic devices. Despite many examples of the signature of magnetic skyrmions in the electrical signal, only low temperature measurements, mainly in magnetic materials with B20 crystal structure, have demonstrated the skyrmions contribution to the electrical transport properties. Using the combination of Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) and Hall resistivity measurements, we demonstrate the electrical detection of sub-100 nm skyrmions in multilayered thin film at room temperature (RT). We furthermore analyse the room temperature Hall signal of a single skyrmion which contribution is mainly dominated by anomalous Hall effect.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Challenges of creating and capturing value in open eco-innovation : Evidence from the maritime industry in Denmark

Author's accepted version (post-print).Available from 08/02/2021.Developing eco-innovations using open innovation comes with a distinct set of challenges as the dual goals of economic and environmental value creation produce tension that is not easily overcome in a multi-stakeholder network. These incongruent goals are inherent in an open eco-innovation network and potentially involve governmental agencies, regulators, and non-governmental organizations along with suppliers and other partners. Consequently, they add a layer of complexity to the creation and capture of value throughout the innovation network. Thus, in this study, we ask: What are the challenges in creating and capturing value in open eco-innovation networks? Based on an embedded case study of a network developing eco-innovation over a six-year period in the maritime industry in Denmark, this paper identifies challenges and links them to their impact on value creation and value capture. Our findings indicate that firms and partners are less innovative and more conservative in their approaches to innovation than has previously been observed in open-innovation partnerships. This research contributes to the eco-innovation knowledge base by demonstrating how extracting value from open eco-innovation is complicated as value is created at the micro and meso levels of the network, yet, a major goal of value capture is at the environment and social macro level. Thus, our results indicate that firms are less willing to commit resources and knowledge to co-creation, thereby negatively impacting value capture for the entire network, the society and/or the environment. Using open innovation to address “grand” societal challenges requires understanding value creation and value capture within this micro-meso-macro systemic framework of competing goals.acceptedVersio

Novos atores de políticas públicas : a atuação do Tribunal de Contas e do Ministério Público do Rio Grande do Sul na ampliação da oferta de vagas na educação infantil

Com base em instrumentos qualitativos de pesquisa, essa dissertação versa sobre o papel desempenhado pelo Ministério Público e pelo Tribunal de Contas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul no monitoramento da implementação da política nacional de educação infantil traduzida pela meta um, do Plano Nacional de Educação editado em 2014. A proposta da pesquisa foi compreender como atuam essas instituições, que modificações elas sofreram em suas estruturas internas para tal finalidade, e como os seus agentes percebem a política em questão e a sua atuação, além de contrapor esses dados à percepção que os gestores municipais, envolvidos na operacionalização da política em nível local, têm dessa atuação. Para tanto, foram consultados e examinados (por meio de análise de conteúdo) documentos consistentes na legislação sobre educação infantil, assim como portarias, provimentos, convênios, relatórios e circulares informativas elaborados por ambas as instituições. Foram também realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os dois auditores do Tribunal de Contas que atuam na educação infantil, no Setor de Apoio e Supervisão Municipal; com quatro, do total de oito, Promotores Regionais, e com quatro Secretários Municipais de Educação. Examinando-se publicações sobre o Ministério Público e os Tribunais de Contas, a expansão das dimensões do controle das políticas públicas realizado por esses órgãos e o debate sobre judicialização da política, e os confrontando com os dados colhidos no trabalho de campo, constatouse a necessidade de se utilizar outro viés teórico que não fique restrito às categorias de controle/accountability ou judicialização, já que esses órgãos têm desempenhado papel de atores de implementação de políticas públicas formuladas em nível federal, como se pôde perceber no caso de dois dos municípios abordados (Passo Fundo e Caxias do Sul). No caso de Passo Fundo, pode-se citar iniciativa que envolve MP/RS e SMED no sentido da elaboração de uma norma para fixar critérios técnicos mínimos para a autorização do transporte escolar de alunos da educação infantil, na faixa etária entre quatro e cinco anos de idade; e no caso de Caxias do Sul, em razão da existência de ação coletiva cujo objetivo é o aumento de oferta de vagas, a política municipal foi consideravelmente alterada.Based on qualitative research instruments, this dissertation is about the role played by both Ministério Público and Tribunal de Contas of Rio Grande do Sul when monitoring the implementation of the national education policy brought by “meta um” of the National Education Plan, published in 2014. The proposal of the research was to understand how these institutions work, what kind of institutional changes have been made in their internal structures for such purpose, and how their agents perceive the policy in question. In addition, the perception that the municipal managers, involved in the operationalization of the implementation of the policy in local level, have of the role these institutions play was also taken into account. The research involved the analysis documents consistent in legislation on child education, as well as ordinances, provisions, agreements, information and others, edited both institutions. We also interviewed the two auditors of the Tribunal de Contas, who work in children's education, in the Support and Supervision Sector; four, of the total of eight, Regional Justice Promoters, and four Municipal Secretaries of Education. Examining publications on the Public Prosecutor's Office and the Audit Courts, the expansion of the dimensions of the control of public policies carried out by these bodies, and the debate on the judicialization of the policy, and comparing them with the data collected in the field work, it was verified the need to use another theoretical bias that is not restricted to the categories of control / accountability or judicialization, since these bodies have played the role of actors of implementation of public policies formulated at federal level, as we could notice in two of the municipalities studied (Passo Fundo and Caxias do Sul). In the case of Passo Fundo, we can mention the initiative involving MP/RS and the Municipal Education Secretary consisting in the elaboration of the normative to allow transportation of pre-school pupils in the age group between four and five years, and in the case of Caxias do Sul, because of the existence of a collective action whose objective is to increase the supply of educational vacancies, the municipal policy was considerably altered

Adsorption of proteins to thin-films of PDMS and its effect on the adhesion of human endothelial cells

This paper describes a simple and inexpensive procedure to produce thin-films of poly(dimethylsiloxane). Such films were characterized by a variety of techniques (ellipsometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscopy, and goniometry) and used to investigate the adsorption kinetics of three model proteins (fibrinogen, collagen type-I, and bovine serum albumin) under different conditions. The information collected from the protein adsorption studies was then used to investigate the adhesion of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. The results of these studies suggest that these films can be used to model the surface properties of microdevices fabricated with commercial PDMS. Moreover, the paper provides guidelines to efficiently attach cells in BioMEMS devices.Fil: Chumbimuni Torres, Karin Y.. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Coronado, Ramon E.. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Mfuh, Adelphe M.. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Castro Guerrero, Carlos. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Silva, María Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Negrete, George R.. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Bizios, Rena. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Garcia, Carlos D.. The University of Texas at San Antonio; Estados Unido

Competencia laboral y atención al cliente en la empresa Voestalpine High Performance Metals del Perú S.A., sede principal Lima, 2018

La presente investigación tiene por título “competencias laboral y atención al cliente en la empresa Voestalpine High Performance del Perú S.A. sede principal, 2018”, cuyo objetivo es Identificar la relación entre las competencias laborales y atención al cliente en la empresa Voestalpine High Performance del Perú S.A. sede principal, 2018. Para lo cual se utilizó dos autores, Martha Alles para competencia laboral, con los grados: iniciativa, orientación a los resultados, trabajo en equipo, presentación de soluciones comerciales; y Carmen Blanco y Francisco Lobato para atención al cliente, con los elementos: accesibilidad, diligencia, cortesía, ambientación. La metodología de la investigación que se desarrollo es hipotético deductivo de enfoque cuantitativo, el tipo de investigación es aplicada, el nivel es descriptivo, el diseño es no experimental, correlacional de corte transversal, la población y muestra es de 35 personas, utilizando como técnica de recolección de datos, la encuesta, la cual fue de gran importancia para la medición del problema. La información se procesó en el SPSS para hallar la confiablidad. Posteriormente se concluyó que de acuerdo a los objetivos planteados, se estableció la relación significativa entre competencia laboral y atención al cliente. También el poder utilizar los resultados de esta investigación para un posterior estudio relacionados con las variables

Brain Gym ® y su abordaje en el comportamiento agresivo en niños que asisten a la ONG Niños de Guatemala, Escuela "EL Porvenir" de San Lorenzo el Cubo

Evidenciar las alteraciones en la esfera afectiva, derivados de la falta de equidad basada en la teoría de equidad de Stace Adams. Es válido declarar que la principal distinción que se realiza en la literatura española en cuanto al concepto de comportamiento es que es una expresión de la personalidad, y cuando se habla de agresividad, se hace referencia a un comportamiento que es multicausal, que está influido por diferentes factores, como son lo social o cultural, lo genético o biológico, lo familiar y lo individual Con base a lo anterior se evaluó la reducción del comportamiento agresivo a partir de los ejercicios planteados por el programa de Brain Gym®, en niños que asisten a la ONG “Niños de Guatemala” escuela “El Porvenir” ubicada en San Lorenzo El Cubo. La consistencia de datos mediante la escala de Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 (CBCL 4- 18) indicó una reducción del 61% en la escala para padres y 88% en la escala para profesores, arrojando una regularidad después de la aplicación de los ejercicios del programa de Brain Gym®. El tratamiento consistió en una serie de ejercicios que propone el programa de Brain Gym® basados en 26 movimientos activando funciones cognitivas y oxigenación de las rutas neurológicas ayudando a la regularidad del comportamiento agresivo

Evasión impuesto predial sector Miguel Grau y su afectación de recaudación Municipalidad El Porvenir 2016.

El propósito de la presente investigación fue determinar que la evasión del Impuesto Predial del Sector Miguel Grau del Distrito de El Porvenir afecta la recaudación de la Municipalidad de El Porvenir, año fiscal 2016, para lo cual utilizamos el tipo de investigación descriptiva, de diseño no experimental, de corte trasversal, la población fueron los 563 pobladores del sector Miguel Grau que es materia de estudio y como muestra 19 pobladores los más representativos, quienes constituyen las unidades de análisis, la técnica que se utilizó fue la entrevista y como instrumento la guía de entrevista. Entre otros resultados se demuestra que la evasión del Impuesto Predial es elevada, lo que viene afectando la recaudación de la Municipalidad de El Porvenir perjudicando la liquidez y a su vez no le permite asumir su deuda corriente de manera eficiente.Tesi

Lack of the Sodium-Driven Chloride Bicarbonate Exchanger NCBE Impairs Visual Function in the Mouse Retina

Regulation of ion and pH homeostasis is essential for normal neuronal function. The sodium-driven chloride bicarbonate exchanger NCBE (Slc4a10), a member of the SLC4 family of bicarbonate transporters, uses the transmembrane gradient of sodium to drive cellular net uptake of bicarbonate and to extrude chloride, thereby modulating both intracellular pH (pHi) and chloride concentration ([Cl-]i) in neurons. Here we show that NCBE is strongly expressed in the retina. As GABAA receptors conduct both chloride and bicarbonate, we hypothesized that NCBE may be relevant for GABAergic transmission in the retina. Importantly, we found a differential expression of NCBE in bipolar cells: whereas NCBE was expressed on ON and OFF bipolar cell axon terminals, it only localized to dendrites of OFF bipolar cells. On these compartments, NCBE colocalized with the main neuronal chloride extruder KCC2, which renders GABA hyperpolarizing. NCBE was also expressed in starburst amacrine cells, but was absent from neurons known to depolarize in response to GABA, like horizontal cells. Mice lacking NCBE showed decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in behavioral experiments and smaller b-wave amplitudes and longer latencies in electroretinograms. Ganglion cells from NCBE-deficient mice also showed altered temporal response properties. In summary, our data suggest that NCBE may serve to maintain intracellular chloride and bicarbonate concentration in retinal neurons. Consequently, lack of NCBE in the retina may result in changes in pHi regulation and chloride-dependent inhibition, leading to altered signal transmission and impaired visual function