VANTAGENS E DESVANTAGENS ACERCA DA TRADUÇÃO NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

O presente artigo visa a apresentar reflexões acerca das possíveis vantagens e desvantagens do uso da tradução nas aulas de Língua Inglesa em duas escolas públicas do estado de Santa Catarina destacando algumas situações em que o ato tradutório seria justificável durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa. Dois estudos de casos foram analisados, os quais exemplificaram os efeitos proporcionados pelo uso moderado e / ou indiscriminado da tradução do inglês para o português no decorrer das aulas. A pesquisa objetiva observar e descrever como duas professoras do Ensino Fundamental II de duas escolas estaduais de Itapema e Joinville, Santa Catarina, utilizaram a tradução durante as suas aulas e como a aprendizagem dos estudantes sucedeu-se. Os resultados demonstram que o uso ponderado da tradução pode ser vantajoso, desde que haja objetivos claros e vise à melhor aprendizagem do aluno.       &nbsp

Psychiatric manifestations of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease simulate depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disorder with a broad spectrum of early clinical manifestations, comprising neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The authors report the case of a patient admitted with a diagnosis of depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms, with post-mortem confirmation of CJD and discuss how CJD’s clinical heterogeneity can lead to misdiagnosis of the disease. Despite CJD’s unique pathogenesis, its kaleidoscopic presentation justifies the integrated investigation of patients with psychiatric symptoms, avoiding restrictive diagnosis

Transmural remission improves clinical outcomes up to 5 years in Crohn's disease

© 2022 The Authors. United European Gastroenterology Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of United European Gastroenterology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.Introduction: Evidence supporting transmural remission (TR) as a long-term treatment target in Crohn's disease (CD) is still unavailable. Less stringent but more reachable targets such as isolated endoscopic (IER) or radiologic remission (IRR) may also be acceptable options in the long-term. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study including 404 CD patients evaluated by magnetic resonance enterography and colonoscopy. Five-year rates of hospitalization, surgery, use of steroids, and treatment escalation were compared between patients with TR, IER, IRR, and no remission (NR). Results: 20.8% of CD patients presented TR, 23.3% IER, 13.6% IRR and 42.3% NR. TR was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (odds-ratio [OR] 0.244 [0.111-0.538], p < 0.001), surgery (OR 0.132 [0.030-0.585], p = 0.008), steroid use (OR 0.283 [0.159-0.505], p < 0.001), and treatment escalation (OR 0.088 [0.044-0.176], p < 0.001) compared to no NR. IRR resulted in lower risk of hospitalization (OR 0.333 [0.143-0.777], p = 0.011) and treatment escalation (OR 0.260 [0.125-0.540], p < 0.001), while IER reduced the risk of steroid use (OR 0.442 [0.262-0.745], p = 0.002) and treatment escalation (OR 0.490 [0.259-0.925], p = 0.028) compared to NR. Conclusions: TR improved clinical outcomes over 5 years of follow-up in CD patients. Distinct but significant benefits were seen with IER and IRR. This suggests that both endoscopic and radiologic remission should be part of the treatment targets of CD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transmural remission improves clinical outcomes up to 5 years in Crohn's disease

IntroductionEvidence supporting transmural remission (TR) as a long-term treatment target in Crohn's disease (CD) is still unavailable. Less stringent but more reachable targets such as isolated endoscopic (IER) or radiologic remission (IRR) may also be acceptable options in the long-term. MethodsMulticenter retrospective study including 404 CD patients evaluated by magnetic resonance enterography and colonoscopy. Five-year rates of hospitalization, surgery, use of steroids, and treatment escalation were compared between patients with TR, IER, IRR, and no remission (NR). Results20.8% of CD patients presented TR, 23.3% IER, 13.6% IRR and 42.3% NR. TR was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (odds-ratio [OR] 0.244 [0.111-0.538], p < 0.001), surgery (OR 0.132 [0.030-0.585], p = 0.008), steroid use (OR 0.283 [0.159-0.505], p < 0.001), and treatment escalation (OR 0.088 [0.044-0.176], p < 0.001) compared to no NR. IRR resulted in lower risk of hospitalization (OR 0.333 [0.143-0.777], p = 0.011) and treatment escalation (OR 0.260 [0.125-0.540], p < 0.001), while IER reduced the risk of steroid use (OR 0.442 [0.262-0.745], p = 0.002) and treatment escalation (OR 0.490 [0.259-0.925], p = 0.028) compared to NR. ConclusionsTR improved clinical outcomes over 5 years of follow-up in CD patients. Distinct but significant benefits were seen with IER and IRR. This suggests that both endoscopic and radiologic remission should be part of the treatment targets of CD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

VANTAGENS E DESVANTAGENS ACERCA DA TRADUÇÃO NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

This article aims to present reflections about the possible advantages and disadvantages of the use of translation in the English classes in two public schools from Santa Catarina State highlighting some situations in which translating would be justifiable over the English Language learning and teaching process. Two study cases were analyzed and they illustrated the effects provided by some moderate and exaggerated uses of translation from English into Portuguese during such classes. The survey attempts to describe the way two English teachers from two state secondary schools in Itapema and Joinville, Santa Catarina, made use of translation over their lessons as well as how successful their students’ learning was. The results of it show that the reasonable use of translation might be helpful unless its aims are clear and tend to develop a better learning of the students

Endoscopic Approach to Duodenal Adenomas in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: A Retrospective Cohort

Introduction: Over 90% of the patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) will develop duodenal adenomas. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic excision of large duodenal adenomas in FAP patients. Methods: All FAP patients from a familial risk clinic submitted to endoscopic therapy for duodenal adenomas ≥10 mm between January 2010 and February 2021 were included. Results: From 151 FAP families, 22 patients (50 lesions) were included: 54.5% female; median follow-up 8.5 (IQR: 5.8–12.3) years after the first endoscopy. First therapeutic endoscopy occurred at a median age of 41.0 years (IQR: 33.0–58.2). Repeat therapeutic endoscopy was required in 54.5% of patients. Median size of the largest adenoma was 15 mm (IQR: 10–18 mm); resection was piecemeal in 63.1% and en bloc in the remaining. In 2 cases, the resection was incomplete (fibrosis due to previous resection and difficult positioning). Complications occurred in 6.3% of the resected lesions (4 patients): 2 immediate (bleeding, perforation); 4 in the first week (1 bleeding, 2 mild pancreatitis, 1 perforation requiring surgery; the latter two after ampullectomy). Histology revealed low-grade dysplasia adenomas in 90.1%; no adenocarcinomas were found. One patient with Spigelman stage IV disease not amenable to endoscopic control underwent elective duodenopancreatectomy (without duodenal cancer). Conclusion: Endoscopic surveillance and treatment of duodenal adenomas in FAP patients was safe and effective in the prevention of duodenal cancer

Assessment of traditional mayonnaise enriched with Aurantiochytrium sp. extract

Mayonnaise, a food product widely consumed since the 1900s, traditionally prepared from a mixture of oil, egg yolk and vinegar, has a reduced shelf-life primarily due to lipid oxidation (Kwon et al., 2015). The addition of synthetic antioxidants like BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), BHA (butylated hydroxyl anisole), and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) has been used to control this problem (Gray, 1978). However, these synthetic antioxidants showed several disadvantages such as the easily decomposition at higher temperatures, and an increased health risk for chronic consumers (Martinez-Tome et al., 2001). Natural antioxidants, derived from marine algae, show great potential for improving oxidative stability, extending the shelf-life of stored food products with additional health-promoting benefits (Hermund et al., 2015). Since 2004, the DHA-rich oil derived from the microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. has been recognized as safe, available for food use and for dietary supplements. In general, Aurantiochytrium sp. became a popular source of protein-rich biomass and of valuable compounds like pigments, antioxidants and essential fatty acids. The potential of heterotrophic microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. as a source of functional ingredient applied in mayonnaise product has not been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of mayonnaise enriched with Aurantiochytrium extract by colour (L*, a*, b*, and ºh), texture (hardness, adhesiveness, resilience, cohesion, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and total phenolics content). The mayonnaise without extract was used as control sample. Colour results indicated that the luminosity of mayonnaise enriched with extract increased and the a* and b* colour parameters decreased, promoting a colour enhancement. Also, with the addition of Aurantiochytrium extract, a decrease in all texture attributes obtained by TPA profile test, with exception of cohesion and springiness, was observed. A correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolics content was denoted, in all samples. The high antioxidant capacity can be related to high radical scavenging activity, high total phenolic content, and high carotenoid content of the extract. This study demonstrates that Aurantiochytrium sp extracts have the potential to be used as a nutraceutical/functional ingredient in mayonnaise, a product widely consumed by different age groups.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bioactivity screening of Aurantiochytrium sp. for antioxidant activities

Aurantiochytrium sp. is a heterotrophic microalgae that, in certain growth conditions, besides producing significant amounts of squalene, may potentially produce other bioactive compounds with high value and commercial interest such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), carotenoids, among others. Antioxidant compounds, naturally occurring in microalgae sources, have been identified as free radical or active oxygen scavengers, with beneficial effects on oxidation and oxidative damage inhibition in human body and foods. Several in vitro methodologies have been proposed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, such as free radicals: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), and reactive species including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen (O2), and superoxide anion (O2-) (Balboa et al., 2013). The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Aurantiochytrium sp., by means of different methodologies: reducing and scavenging activity by total phenolics content (TPC, Singleton & Rossi, 1965), DPPH (Custódio et al., 2012), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC, Dávalos et al., 2004). The obtained results indicated that the microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. is rich in antioxidant compounds, by reducing activity through total phenolics and DPPH, as well as scavenging activity by ORAC. Moreover, it is evident the higher selectivity of ethanol as solvent for the extraction of antioxidants compounds. The potential of this microalgae biomass as a good, natural and sustainable source for use as a functional food ingredient is evident, representing an opportunity with additional benefits due to the antioxidant role in diseases prevention and treatment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Routine Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mismatch Repair Proteins in Colorectal Cancer&mdash;A Prospective Analysis

Recognition of a hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome is crucial and Lynch Syndrome (LS) is the most frequent immunohistochemistry (IHC)&mdash;screening for mismatch repair proteins (MMR) deficiency in CRC is therefore advocated. An unicentric cohort study was conducted in a central Oncological Hospital to assess its results. All patients under 70 years-old admitted between July 2017&ndash;June 2019 and submitted to surgery for CRC were included. Of 275 patients, 56.0% were male, median age 61.0 (IQR:54.5&ndash;65.0), with synchronous tumors in six. Histology revealed high grade adenocarcinoma in 8.4%; mucinous and/or signet ring differentiation in 11.3%; and lymphocytic infiltration in 29.8%. Amsterdam (AC) and Bethesda (BC) Criteria were fulfilled in 11 and 74 patients, respectively. IHC revealed loss of expression of MMR proteins in 24 (8.7%), mostly MLH1 and PMS2 (n = 15) and PMS2 (n = 4). Among these, no patients fulfilled AC and 13 fulfilled BC. BRAF mutation or MLH1 promoter hypermethylation was found in four patients with MLH1 loss of expression. Genetic diagnosis was performed in 51 patients, 11 of them with altered IHC. LS was diagnosed in four, and BC was present in three. One patient would not have been diagnosed without routine IHC screening. These results strengthen the important role of IHC screening for MMR proteins loss of expression in CRC