Implementation of the CDM model to the analisys of the hotel sector

The main aim of this study was to determine the impact of innovation on productivity in service sector companies — especially those in the hospitality sector — that value the reduction of environmental impact as relevant to the innovation process. We used a structural analysis model based on the one developed by Crépon, Duguet, and Mairesse (1998). This model is known as the CDM model (an acronym of the authors’ surnames). These authors developed seminal studies in the field of the relationships between innovation and productivity (see Griliches 1979; Pakes and Grilliches 1980). The main advantage of the CDM model is its ability to integrate the process of innovation and business productivity from an empirical perspective.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Impact of introducing ecoinnovation measures on productivity in transport sector companies

The transport and storage sector, like other sectors of the Spanish economy, is experiencing the effects of the current economic crisis. The Annual Services Survey prepared by the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) shows that between 2008 and 2013 there was an 11.9% reduction in turnover and an 18.3% reduction in paid workers in companies in sector. However, in the same period, there was a 7.8% increase in labour productivity. The main aim of this study was to determine the impact of factors related to innovation and the environment, among others, on labour productivity in the Spanish transport and storage sector. Few studies are available on this topic, which is most likely due to the scant statistical information available for the sector analysed. The structural analysis model used in this study was an extended version of the wellknown Cobb‐Douglas production function applied to data obtained from the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC). PITEC is a panel type database (for 2003‐2013), which was developed jointly by the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) and the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Productividad, sexo y características laborales: un análisis empírico de empresas españolas

El análisis de las diferencias salariales entre hombres y mujeres ha sido profusamente realizado para la economía española, mostrándose como tendencia habitual, en los trabajos de investigación publicados, la existencia de una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa entre la presencia de mujeres en las empresas y el salario percibido. Sin embargo, el estudio de las productividades marginales de los trabajadores en función de su sexo y la ocupación que poseen en las empresas ha sido tratado escasamente debido, entre otras cosas, a la escasez de fuentes de información secundaria para la economía, que permitan realizar este tipo de análisis. En este trabajo se utilizan más de 100,000 observaciones de más de 10,000 empresas de todos los sectores productivos, para el período 2004-2014, procedentes del Panel de Innovación Tecnológica (PITEC), elaborado conjuntamente por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística de España (INE) y por la Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología. Con esta información, y mediante la aplicación de una función Cobb-Douglas donde las características relacionadas con la ocupación de los trabajadores y su sexo se incluyen conjuntamente, se analiza en este trabajo las diferencias en las productividades marginales en función de las variables señaladas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que existe una incidencia estadísticamente significativa y negativa entre la proporción de mujeres en la empresa y el proxy utilizado para medir la productividad laboral en esas entidades. Esta tendencia negativa y estadísticamente significativa se repite cuando los resultados hacen referencia a las diferentes ocupaciones de los trabajadores cuando, además, se considera su sexo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Kernel bandwidth estimation for moving object detection in non-stabilized cameras

The evolution of the television market is led by 3DTV technology, and this tendency can accelerate during the next years according to expert forecasts. However, 3DTV delivery by broadcast networks is not currently developed enough, and acts as a bottleneck for the complete deployment of the technology. Thus, increasing interest is dedicated to ste-reo 3DTV formats compatible with current HDTV video equipment and infrastructure, as they may greatly encourage 3D acceptance. In this paper, different subsampling schemes for HDTV compatible transmission of both progressive and interlaced stereo 3DTV are studied and compared. The frequency characteristics and preserved frequency content of each scheme are analyzed, and a simple interpolation filter is specially designed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the different schemes and filters are evaluated through quality testing on several progressive and interlaced video sequences

Environment, innovation and productivity: application of a CDM model to the spanish service sector

The main aim of this study is to determine the impact of innovation on productivity in service sector companies — especially those in the hospitality sector — that value the reduction of environmental impact as relevant to the innovation process. We used a structural analysis model based on the one developed by Crépon, Duguet, and Mairesse (1998). This model is known as the CDM model (an acronym of the authors’ surnames). These authors developed seminal studies in the field of the relationships between innovation and productivity (Griliches 1979; Pakes and Grilliches 1980). The main advantage of the CDM model is its ability to integrate the process of innovation and business productivity from an empirical perspective.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Environmental concern in tourism from a cross-national perspective

This paper analyzes how tourist from European countries consider environmental issues when making decisions about their their holiday plans. Modelling these decisions is a challenge because environmental concerns depends on both individiual characteristics and contextul factors related to the country or residence, such as cultural, social and economic condictions. For that reason, environmental support by households exhibit a particular type of grouped structure, where individual, firs level, are nested into countries, second level. This hierarchical structure of date are dealed with a multilevel aproach. The estimates from a Two-Level Random Intercept Logistic Model and the post-estimation analysis demonstrate that the effects of country vary randomly, and that there is significant variance in the level of tourists´ environmental support within and between countries.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

El alma de la modernidad: los artículos inéditos de José María Llanas Aguilaniedo

Este trabajo documenta una serie de artículos en prensa inéditos del escritor oscense José María Llanas Aguilaniedo (1875-1921) que vienen a completar los estudios bibliográficos realizados hasta ahora sobre dicho autor. Además de ampliar el corpus de sus publicaciones, el objetivo del artículo es el de integrar esos textos en la producción general de Llanas, trazando las relaciones con otros de su textos ya estudiados; así como dar cuenta de los mismos en el marco cultural del fin de siglo

Labour flexibility and productivity in the hotel sector

In this paper, we analyze the effect of labour flexibility on productivity in the Andalusian hotel industry using raw data of our own database and applying an expanded version of the standard production function by distinguishing between part-time, temporary, and full-time labour inputs. Our results show that productivity is lower the higher the percentage of temporary and part-time workers and there are no differences between the impacts on productivity of both types of labour contract. Future studies should analyze the differential impact of all the types of contracts discussed on the mean cost per employee in this sector.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Explaining tourists´ support for environmental protection

Any movement towards sustainable tourism is dependent not only upon the industry and other key stakeholders but also the demand side, namely the tourists. Yet, there is a limited literature from the demand point of view. In this area, contributions to an understanding of tourists’ support to sustainable development are necessary. This paper analyzes the main determinants in tourist behavior regarding the environmental considerations when they are making decisions about their holiday plans. General literature on this issue highlights the need to consider socio-economic variables of the individual as well as the attributes related of their style of living. If the econometric model takes into account all these variables simultaneously, then the linkage between contextual changes and tourists´ behaviour is enriched and it may be estimated more accurately. In this sense, a multilevel approach using a random-intercept logistic models is proposed, since tourists belong to a country are affected by the same contextual variables. The analysis comprises a joint dataset composed by microdata belong to the survey Attitudes of Europeans Towards Tourism, which corresponds to Flash Eurobarometer 281, macrodata from Eurostat (GDP in pps and GDP growth) and additional variables profiles from the 2005 Environmental Sustainability Index. Country-specific effects are calculated across the EU-27 countries, which corroborated that attitudes to the sustainable tourism are heterogeneous geo-graphically. The higher the level of GDP, the lower the level of tourists´ support. These results could be explained because tourists of richer countries already have to pay more tax for envi-ronmental protection. Age, gender and educational attainment are relevant. Motivations for travelling, size of the community, type of the destination, and environmental sustainability indi-cators of the place of residence are also important factors.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech