La práctica docente de profesores en formación a través de su interacción en comunidades de desarrollo profesional

Esta investigación tuvo como eje central la formación de la práctica docente en estudiantes de últimos semestres que estudian para ser profesores de química. En este sentido, se conformaron equipos de profesores, en colegios de secundaria, que reflexionan sobre el cómo desarrollar la prácticadocente en cursos de química. Estos equipos se estructuraron con profesores en ejercicio, que laboran en la institución, profesores universitarios y profesores en formación. Se generó una dinámica propia de las comunidades de profesionales que generan conocimiento didáctico al mejorar los aprendizajes de los estudiantes de secundaria, cuando estudian química. El estudio arrojó la creación de la comunidad misma, que diseño e implementó materiales didácticos que permitieron contribuir a la reflexión de la práctica docente sus avances y retos en contextos reales

Enhanced people detection combining appearance and motion information

This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in Electronics Letters and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital LibraryThe combination of two of the most recent people detectors from the state of the art is proposed. It is already known that the combination of independent information sources is useful for any detection task. In relation with people detection, there are two main discriminative information sources that characterize a person: appearance and motion. We propose the combination of two recent approaches based on both information sources. Experimental results over an extensive dataset show that the proposed combination significantly improves the results.This work was partially supported by the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (“FPI-UAM”) and by the Spanish Goverment (“TEC2011-25995 EventVideo”)

People detection in surveillance: Classification and evaluation

This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IET Computer Vision and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital Library and at IEEE Xplore.Nowadays, people detection in video surveillance environments is a task that has been generating great interest. There are many approaches trying to solve the problem either in controlled scenarios or in very specific surveillance applications. The main objective of this study is to give a comprehensive and extensive evaluation of the state of the art of people detection regardless of the final surveillance application. For this reason, first, the different processing tasks involved in the automatic people detection in video sequences have been defined, then a proper classification of the state of the art of people detection has been made according to the two most critical tasks, object detection and person model, that are needed in every detection approach. Finally, experiments have been performed on an extensive dataset with different approaches that completely cover the proposed classification and support the conclusions drawn from the state of the art.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Government (TEC2011-25995 EventVideo)

Contribución de la Historia de las Ciencias al desarrollo profesional de docentes universitarios

En este trabajo se analiza el papel que adquiere la Historia de la Química (HQ) en un programa de formación didáctica de profesores universitarios de química al estudiar el cambio químico, que tuvo como elemento central la réplica de instrumentos y experimentos científicos del siglo XVIII. La metodología de la investigación se inspiró en la investigación-acción, donde los docentes que participaron en el programa de formación se organizaron en una Comunidad de Desarrollo Profesional de Profesores (CODEP), que inicialmente se centró en el conocimiento erudito de la Química (desde la HQ) para irse desarrollando a una formación más compleja en didáctica de las ciencias.In this paper examines the role that acquires the History of Chemistry (HC) in training program chemistry teachers on didactic of science, who had as core the replica of scientific instruments and experiments of eighteenth century, when they studied the chemical change. The research methodology was inspired by action research, where teachers who participated in the training program were organized into a «Professional Development Community of Teachers (PRODEC)», which initially focused on the knowledge of chemistry (from HC) then they developed a more complex training in didactic of science

Robust real time moving people detection in surveillance scenarios

Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. A. García Martín, and J. M. Martínez, "Robust real time moving people detection in surveillance scenarios", in 2010 Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, AVSS 2010, p. 241 - 247In this paper an improved real time algorithm for detecting pedestrians in surveillance video is proposed. The algorithm is based on people appearance and defines a person model as the union of four models of body parts. Firstly, motion segmentation is performed to detect moving pixels. Then, moving regions are extracted and tracked. Finally, the detected moving objects are classified as human or nonhuman objects. In order to test and validate the algorithm, we have developed a dataset containing annotated surveillance sequences of different complexity levels focused on the pedestrians detection. Experimental results over this dataset show that our approach performs considerably well at real time and even better than other real and non-real time approaches from the state of art.This work has partially supported by the Cátedra UAMInfoglobal ("Nuevas tecnologías de vídeo aplicadas a sistemas de video-seguridad") and by the Spanish Government (TEC2007-65400 SemanticVideo)

Post-processing approaches for improving people detection performance

This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Computer Vision and Image Understanding. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 133 (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.cviu.2014.09.010People detection in video surveillance environments is a task that has been generating great interest. There are many approaches trying to solve the problem either in controlled scenarios or in very specific surveillance applications. We address one of the main problems of people detection in video sequences: every people detector from the state of the art must maintain a balance between the number of false detections and the number of missing pedestrians. This compromise limits the global detection results. In order to reduce or relax this limitation and improve the detection results, we evaluate two different post-processing subtasks. Firstly, we propose the use of people-background segmentation as a filtering stage in people detection. Then, we evaluate the combination of different detection approaches in order to add robustness to the detection and therefore improve the detection results. And, finally, we evaluate the successive application of both post-processing approaches. Experiments have been performed on two extensive datasets and using different people detectors from the state of the art: the results show the benefits achieved using the proposed post-processing techniques.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Government (TEC2011-25995 EventVideo)

Las biografías científicas en el aula de clase. Una nueva propuesta que integra creatividad y aprendizaje del conocimiento científico escolar

En el ámbito de la formación de profesores, y en particular en la línea de investigación sobre Historia de la Ciencia, Epistemología y Formación docente, se presenta esta Investigación (en etapa de análisis), cuyo propósito está orientado al diseño e implementación de nuevas propuestas de actividades para la enseñanza de la química, desde la elaboración de biografías científicas como recurso de creaciones narrativas en el aula de ciencias. Se considera la importancia del lenguaje científico, las habilidades cognitivolingüísticas, la resolución de problemas y el desarrollo de la creatividad, en el marco de la perspectiva biográfica de la Historia de la Ciencia, para la generación de un nuevo ambiente en el aula, que fortalezca la comunicación científica, los procesos formadores de los profesores y el aprendizaje de la química escolar

Business strategy and monopolistic competition

El sector hotelero de la provincia de Huelva, en especial el de turismo de sol y playa de la costa, tiene una serie de peculiaridades que hacen que exista competencia entre los diferentes establecimientos. Están instaladas un numeroso grupo de complejos hoteleros, incluidos los de las grandes cadenas del sector, ofreciendo el mismo producto, noches de hotel, pero no siendo dicho producto totalmente homogéneo, esto es; los hoteleros diferencian sus productos en variedades creándose un esquema de competencia monopolística. Esto nos lleva a la pregunta fundamental que se hacen los gestores hoteleros; ¿Qué variedad debo ofrecer? Demostramos que el empleo de la Teoría del consumidor de Lancaster es una mejor manera de contestar a esa pregunta que la Neoclásica.The hotel sector Huelva’s province, especially that of sun and beach tourism on the coast, has a series of peculiarities that lead to competition among the different establishments. A large group of hotel resort are installed, including those of the largest chains in the sector, providing the same product, the hotel room, but no in a homogenous way, that is; they differentiated their product creating a constellation of varieties, so monopolistic competition market structure can be applied to it. They manage to have some pricing power thanks to the small differentiations that affect consumer behaviour, but they don’t get profits due to competition. In this work we have assumed it, reaching the question that hotel managers ask themselves, what kind of variety they should offer. Then we show Lancaster characteristic theory is a better model to answer the question rather than neoclassical one

El polinomio de Taylor en Bachillerato

Treballs Finals de Grau de Matemàtiques, Facultat de Matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2020, Director: Sergi Muria Maldonado[en] This project is about the Taylor polynomial. The introduction talks about the historical context amd then is divided in two parts: the mathematical (is theorical) and the didactic part. At the first part (the mathematical) the Taylor polynomial is introduced by the definitions of the necessary concepts, it is presented in all of its varieties and their applications are reviewed. Finally, there is a brief subsection about some ambits diferents to the math to see how works the Taylor polynomial. At the second part (the dictactial), it is proposed an activity to perform in a secundary school with the studients of second of bachillerato and after that, there is an explanation of how to use the Geogebra in this aspect