Large mass movements in relation to deglaciation in the Pyrenees

22 páginasPeer reviewe

Central Spanish Pyrenees: Glacial and periglacial landforms.

32 páginasPeer reviewe

La catástrofe del barranco de Arás (Biescas, Pirineo Aragonés) y su contexto espacio-temporal

[ES] Se estudian las características de la precipitación y del pico de crecida durante la catástrofe ocurrida en el barranco de Arás en la tarde del 7 de agosto de 1996. Se ha podido comprobar que aunque la tormenta fue muy intensa en toda la cuenca, su violencia alcanzó mayor magnitud en un pequeño sector de la subcuenca de Betés, en el que se ha estimado una intensidad superior a 500 mm.hr-1 y una precipitación total algo superior a 250 mm. En el tramo final del barranco de Arás debieron registrarse unos 500 m³s-1 incluyendo los sedimentos transportados, para una cuenca de 18.8 km². Las evaluaciones realizadas permiten estimar que el 75 % del caudal procedió de la subcuenca de Betés, que representa sólo el 28.7 % de la superficie total de la cuenca. Se ha evaluado el volumen de sedimentos movilizados en el sector final del barranco de Arás. Finalmente, el evento tormentoso ha sido situado en un contexto espacial y temporal más amplio. La catástofe del barranco de Arás confirma las limitaciones de los actuales sistemas de análisis probabilístico de riesgos, dada su gran irregularidad espacial y temporal.[EN] The characteristics of precipitation and peak flow during the Arás catastrophe in the evening of August, 7, 1996, are studied. The storm was very intense over the whole basin, and especially in a small area of the Betés subbasin, in which intensities greater than 500 mm.hr-1 have been estimated, with a total amount of precipitation somewhat higher than 250 mm. In the final stretch of the Arás ravine a discharge of 500 m³s-1, including the sediments, have been estimated for a basin of 18.8 km².. Seventy five per cent of the discharge carne from the Betés subbasin, which represents only 28.7 per cent of the basin. The volume of sediments mobilized in the final stretch of the Arás ravine has also been evaluated. Finally, the rainstorm event has been placed in a larger spatial and temporal context. The catastrophe of the Arás ravine confirms the lirnitations of existing systems of probabilistic analysis, due to the spatial and temporal irregularity of storm events.Peer reviewe

The short and long-term effects of aerobic, strength, or mixed exercise programs on schizophrenia symptomatology

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different physical exercise programs on the symptomatology, body composition, physical activity, physical fitness, and quality of life of individuals with schizophrenia. A total of 432 patients were assessed for eligibility and 86 were randomized into the aerobic (n = 28), strength (n = 29) or mixed (n = 29) groups. Positive, negative, and general symptoms of psychosis, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (IPAQ-SF), physical fitness (6-min walk test [6MWT] and hand-grip strength [HGS]), and quality of life (WHOQUOL-BREF) were assessed at baseline, post-intervention (16 weeks), and at 10-months. Our results at 16 weeks showed significant improvements in all three groups in the negative, general, and total symptoms with moderate to large effect sizes (P < 0.01, ¿p2 > 0.11), no change in the BMI, 6MWT or IPAQ-SF, and a significant improvement in the HGS test in the strength and mixed groups (P = 0.05, ¿p2 > 0.08). Nonetheless, all the improvements had disappeared at 10 months. We concluded that 3 weekly sessions of a moderate to vigorous progressive exercise program for 16 weeks improved the symptomatology of individuals with schizophrenia in all three groups, with no differences between them. However, the effects had declined to baseline levels by the 10-month follow-up, suggesting that exercise interventions should be maintained over time. © 2021, The Author(s)

Comparative Analysis of Chromatin-Delivered Biomarkers in the Monitoring of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Pilot Study

[EN] Sepsis management remains one of the most important challenges in modern clinical practice. Rapid progression from sepsis to septic shock is practically unpredictable, hence the critical need for sepsis biomarkers that can help clinicians in the management of patients to reduce the proba-bility of a fatal outcome. Circulating nucleoproteins released during the inflammatory response to infection, including neutrophil extracellular traps, nucleosomes, and histones, and nuclear pro-teins like HMGB1, have been proposed as markers of disease progression since they are related to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial damage, and impairment of the coagulation response, among other pathological features. The aim of this work was to evaluate the actual potential for decision making/outcome prediction of the most commonly proposed chromatin-related bi-omarkers (i.e., nucleosomes, citrullinated H3, and HMGB1). To do this, we compared different ELISA measuring methods for quantifying plasma nucleoproteins in a cohort of critically ill pa-tients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock compared to nonseptic patients admitted to the inten-sive care unit (ICU), as well as to healthy subjects. Our results show that all studied biomarkers can be used to monitor sepsis progression, although they vary in their effectiveness to separate sepsis and septic shock patients. Our data suggest that HMGB1/citrullinated H3 determination in plasma is potentially the most promising clinical tool for the monitoring and stratification of septic patients.This activity received funding from the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT). This body of the European Union receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. C.R-M. thanks GVA for starting grant (GV/2018/127) and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for research project (PID2020-119127RA-I00); J.B-G thanks ISCIII, AES2018 for iPFIS fellowship (IFI18/00015) and GVA for APOTI fellowship (APOTIP/2017/012); CG thanks Spanish Ministry of Universities for fellowship FPU18/03969; J.L.G-G and F.V.P thank INCLIVA, GVA and AES2016 and AES2019 (ISCIII) for starting grant (GV/2014/132), project PI16/01036 and PI19/00994 and project DTS17/00132 (co-financed by the ERDF). The project leading to these results has received funding from "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434), under agreement CI18-0009. C.R-M., F.V.P. and A.M. thank Grand Challenges Canada. : We want to particularly acknowledge the patients and the INCLIVA Biobank (PT17/0015/0049; B.000768 ISCIII) integrated in the Valencian Biobanking Network and the Spanish National Biobanks Network for their collaboration.Beltrán-García, J.; Manclus Ciscar, JJ.; García-López, EM.; Carbonell, N.; Ferreres, J.; Rodríguez-Gimillo, M.; Garcés, C.... (2021). Comparative Analysis of Chromatin-Delivered Biomarkers in the Monitoring of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 22(18):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189935115221

Interculturalidad: problemáticas y perspectivas diversas

Este libro es una muestra de la ampliación de los horizontes reflexivos en torno a la interculturalidad. Se puede, se debe, hoy pensar la filosofía, la política pública, la universidad, la formación del profesorado, las luchas sociales, etc, en clave intercultural. No por un mero afán academicista sino como base para desde ahí construir sociedades interculturales. Hoy ya es lugar común saber que lo intercultural nació vinculado a la simple idea de diversidad; sin embargo, más que nunca es necesario pensarla como posibilidad de ruta crítica de mucho del accionar humano. Este trabajo se publica en el contexto post paro nacional de octubre de 2019. Ahí quedó claro que la interculturalidad tiene que ver con históricas cargas racistas-coloniales y con contemporáneas desigualdades económicas que cruzan geopolíticas globales, regionales y nacionales. Esto nos muestra la necesidad de tomarnos en serio una interculturalidad que apunte a la abolición de las asimetrías sociales en conexión con la apuesta por la construcción de una verdadera plurinacionalidad. Una que exija el respeto a la diferencia en términos políticos y equidad en términos económicos

Bacteria-Carried Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Anemia

The efficiency of maghemite nanoparticles for the treatment of anemia was sensibly higher when nanoparticles were incorporated onto the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum (MNP-bacteria) than when administrated as uncoated nanoparticles (MNP). Plasma iron and hemoglobin, intestine expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and duodenal Cytochrome b (DcytB), as well as hepatic expression of the hormone hepcidin were fully restored to healthy levels after administration of MNP-bacteria but not of MNP. A magnetic study on biodistribution and biodegradation showed accumulation of maghemite nanoparticles in intestine lumen when MNP-bacteria were administrated. In contrast, MNP barely reached intestine. In vivo MRI studies suggested the internalization of MNP-bacteria into enterocytes, which did not occur with MNP. Transmission electronic microscopy confirmed this internalization. The collective analysis of results point out that L. fermentum is an excellent carrier to overcome the stomach medium and drive maghemite nanoparticles to intestine, where iron absorption occurs. Due the probiotic ability to adhere to the gut wall, MNP-bacteria internalize into the enterocyte, where maghemite nanoparticles are delivered, providing an adequate iron level into enterocyte. This paper advances a new route for effective iron absorption in the treatment of anemia.The efficiency of maghemite nanoparticles for the treatment of anemia was sensibly higher when nanoparticles were incorporated onto the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum (MNP-bacteria) than when administrated as uncoated nanoparticles (MNP). Plasma iron and hemoglobin, intestine expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and duodenal Cytochrome b (DcytB), as well as hepatic expression of the hormone hepcidin were fully restored to healthy levels after administration of MNP-bacteria but not of MNP. A magnetic study on biodistribution and biodegradation showed accumulation of maghemite nanoparticles in intestine lumen when MNP-bacteria were administrated. In contrast, MNP barely reached intestine. In vivo MRI studies suggested the internalization of MNP-bacteria into enterocytes, which did not occur with MNP. Transmission electronic microscopy confirmed this internalization. The collective analysis of results point out that L. fermentum is an excellent carrier to overcome the stomach medium and drive maghemite nanoparticles to intestine, where iron absorption occurs. Due the probiotic ability to adhere to the gut wall, MNP-bacteria internalize into the enterocyte, where maghemite nanoparticles are delivered, providing an adequate iron level into enterocyte. This paper advances a new route for effective iron absorption in the treatment of anemia

Experiències senzilles d’electromagnetisme: Atracció i repulsió per forces magnètiques. Caiguda d’imant a càmera lenta

La realització d’experiments científics és una activitat pedagògica que afavoreix l’aprenentatge significatiu dels alumnes, la seua motivació per la matèria i estimula l’interès per ampliar coneixements. En aquest treball presentem dues experiències senzilles de fenòmens d’inducció electromagnètica, amb el propòsit que els estudiants comprenguen els principals conceptes involucrats i l’estreta relació entre l’electricitat i el magnetisme. El nivell d’aquests experiments és adequat per a segon curs de batxillerat, per a qualsevol curs introductori de Física en els Graus de Ciències i per a l’alumnat del Màster d’Educació Secundària

MEG spectral analysis in subtypes of mild cognitive impairment

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been described as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Previous studies characterized the alterations of brain oscillatory activity at this stage, but little is known about the differences between single and multidomain amnestic MCI patients. In order to study the patterns of oscillatory magnetic activity in amnestic MCI subtypes, a total of 105 subjects underwent an eyes-closed resting-state magnetoencephalographic recording: 36 healthy controls, 33 amnestic single domain MCIs (a-sd-MCI), and 36 amnestic multidomain MCIs (a-md-MCI). Relative power values were calculated and compared among groups. Subsequently, relative power values were correlated with neuropsychological tests scores and hippocampal volumes. Both MCI groups showed an increase in relative power in lower frequency bands (delta and theta frequency ranges) and a decrease in power values in higher frequency bands (alpha and beta frequency ranges), as compared with the control group. More importantly, clear differences emerged from the comparison between the two amnestic MCI subtypes. The a-md-MCI group showed a significant power increase within delta and theta ranges and reduced relative power within alpha and beta ranges. Such pattern correlated with the neuropsychological performance, indicating that the a-md-MCI subtype is associated not only with a "slowing" of the spectrum but also with a poorer cognitive status. These results suggest that a-md-MCI patients are characterized by a brain activity profile that is closer to that observed in Alzheimer disease. Therefore, it might be hypothesized that the likelihood of conversion to dementia would be higher within this subtype