Valorización de subproductos de la naranja y su aplicación en la industria alimentaria

[ES] Como consecuencia del procesado y la transformación de la naranja se generan millones de toneladas de residuos en todo el mundo. Esto representa un problema a nivel medioambiental y económico, por lo que surge la necesidad de encontrar nuevas formas de gestión de dichos residuos. Los compuestos derivados de la piel, la pulpa y las semillas de la naranja han demostrado un gran potencial para emplearse como aditivos en la industria alimentaria gracias a sus características funcionales, agregando valor a otros productos y disminuyendo la contaminación ambiental. En este trabajo se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica actualizada para estudiar la composición en compuestos bioactivos del subproducto generado en la industria de transformación de la naranja y su aplicación en la industria alimentaria. Se ha valorado su reintroducción en la cadena alimentaria humana, lo que mejoraría la eficiencia de este tipo de industrias fomentando una economía circular al convertir los residuos en recursos. Los resultados del estudio muestran que los compuestos bioactivos presentes en los residuos de la naranja (vitamina C, flavonoides, carotenoides, ácidos orgánicos, fibra y aceites esenciales), gracias a sus propiedades tecnológicas y nutricionales, tienen la capacidad para ser empleados como aditivos alimentarios (antioxidantes, estabilizantes, emulsionantes y colorantes), sustitutos de grasas y prebióticos, así como ingrediente en la fabricación de biopelículas, piensos para animales y en la formulación de nuevos alimentos.[EN] Because of the processing and transformation of oranges, millions of tons of waste are generated worldwide. This represents a problem at environmental and economic level, so the need arises to find new ways to manage these wastes. Compounds derived from orange peel, pulp and seeds have shown great potential to be used as additives in the food industry thanks to their functional characteristics, adding value to other products and reducing environmental pollution. In this work, an updated bibliographic search has been carried out to study the composition in bioactive compounds of the by-product generated in the orange processing industry and its application in the food industry. Its reintroduction into the human food chain has been valued, which would improve the efficiency of this type of industries promoting a circular economy by converting waste into resources. The results of the study show that the bioactive compounds present in orange residues (vitamin C, flavonoids, carotenoids, organic acids, fiber and essential oils), thanks to their technological and nutritional properties, have the capacity to be used as food additives (antioxidants, stabilizers, emulsifiers and colorants), fat substitutes and prebiotics, as well as an ingredient in the manufacture of biofilms, animal feed and in the formulation of new foods.Serrano García, S. (2021). Valorización de subproductos de la naranja y su aplicación en la industria alimentaria. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/174600TFG

La implantación de la RSC en las empresas: leyes de 2018 para su fomento en la Comunidad Valenciana y propuesta de herramienta

Numerosos autores han señalado, en las últimas décadas, que la economía está marcada por un componente turbulento y caótico (Pastor Martin & León García-Izquierdo, 2007), donde, en ocasiones, las reglas que se pueden establecer sobre el comportamiento de los agentes económicos, son inferiores a las casuísticas excepcionales que engloban estas mismas reglas

Aplicación de campos eléctricos moderados (MEF) y pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEF) en la deshidratación de alimentos

[ES] La deshidratación constituye una de las operaciones básicas más importantes en la industria alimentaria. Sin embargo, los métodos tradicionales de secado, a pesar de crear alimentos seguros, pueden dan lugar a la pérdida de las características nutricionales, de textura y sabor debido a las altas temperaturas y largos tiempos de exposición. Surge así el interés por encontrar nuevas tecnologías que disminuyan los tiempos y temperaturas de la operación, y que, a su vez, conserven las características del producto fresco. En los últimos años, el uso de campos eléctricos como técnica para mejorar la transferencia de masa a través de las membranas celulares, ha despertado un gran interés en la industria alimentaria. El objetivo del presente estudio bibliográfico es la recopilación y el análisis de los trabajos publicados sobre la aplicación de campos eléctricos moderados (MEF) y pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEF) como pretratamientos para intensificar procesos de deshidratación y secado.[EN] Dehydration is one of the most important basic operations in the food industry. However, traditional drying methods, despite creating safe foods, can lead to loss of nutritional, texture and taste characteristics due to high temperatures and long exposure times. Thus explains the interest in finding new technologies that reduce the times and temperatures of the operation, and preserve the characteristics of the fresh product. In recent years, the use of electric fields as a technique to improve mass transfer through cell membranes has sparked great interest in the food industry. The objective of the present bibliographic study is the compilation and analysis of the published works on the application of moderate electric fields (MEF) and high intensity electric pulses (PEF) as pre-treatments to intensify dehydration and drying processes. Key words: drying, quality, intensification, drying kineticsSerrano García, S. (2020). Aplicación de campos eléctricos moderados (MEF) y pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEF) en la deshidratación de alimentos. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/148964TFG

Copper Glufosinate-Based Metal−Organic Framework as a Novel Multifunctional Agrochemical

Pesticides are agrochemical compounds used to kill pests (insects, rodents, fungi, or unwanted plants), which are key to meet the world food demand. Regrettably, some important issues associated with their widespread/extensive use (contamination, bioaccumulation, and development of pest resistances) demand a reduction in the amount of pesticide applied in crop protection. Among the novel technologies used to combat the deterioration of our environment, metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as innovative and promising materials in agroindustry since they possess several features (high porosity, functionalizable cavities, ecofriendly composition, etc.) that make them excellent candidates for the controlled release of pesticides. Moving toward a sustainable development, in this work, we originally describe the use of pesticides as building blocks for the MOF construction, leading to a new type of agricultural applied MOFs (or AgroMOFs). Particularly, we have prepared a novel 2D-MOF (namely, GR-MOF-7) based on the herbicide glufosinate and the widely used antibacterial and fungicide Cu2+. GR-MOF-7 crystallizes attaining a monoclinic P21/c space group, and the asymmetric unit is composed of one independent Cu2+ ion and one molecule of the Glu2− ligand. Considering the significant antibacterial activity of Cu-based compounds in agriculture, the potential combined bactericidal and herbicidal effect of GR-MOF-7 was investigated. GR-MOF-7 shows an important antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (involved in agricultural animal infections), improving the results obtained with its individual or even physical mixed precursors [glufosinate and Cu(NO3)2]. It is also an effective pesticide against germination and plant growth of the weed Raphanus sativus, an invasive species in berries and vines crops, demonstrating that the construction of MOFs based on herbicide and antibacterial/antifungal units is a promising strategy to achieve multifunctional agrochemicals. To the best of our knowledge, this first report on the synthesis of an MOF based on agrochemicals (what we have named AgroMOF) opens new ways on the safe and efficient MOF application in agriculture.project MOFseidon PID2019-104228RB-I00Juan de la Cierva incorporation JC2019-038894-I and Multifunctional Metallodrugs in Diagnosis and Therapy Network (MICIU) RED2018-102471-TComunidad de MadridEuropean Regional Development Fund-FEDER 2014-2020-OE REACTUEUniversidad de Granada/CBUAEuropean Union NextGenerationEU/PRT

Las malas relaciones entre los progenitores en el otorgamiento de la custodia compartida.

Tras una ruptura conyugal es frecuente que existan tensiones y conflictos entre los progenitores, pero es necesario establecer cuál es el grado de conflictividad o desavenencia entre ellos para poder otorgar el régimen de guarda y custodia compartida al menor a su cargo. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis doctrinal, normativo y jurisprudencial sobre las divergencias y desencuentros que pueden concurrir entre los progenitores siempre que no perjudiquen el interés superior del menor.<br /

Vaginal laparoscopically assisted radical trachelectomy in cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a rare condition that has shown an increase in incidence, especially in the 20- to 34-year-old group. Adenocarcinoma represents about 5–10% of all tumours in this area, and, among these, the clear cell type accounts for 4–9%. This type of tumour affects mainly postmenopausal women but also occurs in young women with a history of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). The prognosis for adenocarcinoma of the cervix is poor overall and worse for the clear cell variety. This article discusses a case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cervix, unrelated to intrauterine exposure to DES, in a woman of childbearing age who wished to preserve her fertility and was therefore treated by radical vaginal trachelectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy

Wisconsin card sorting test-learning potential: Usefulness for assessing children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Gómez-Pérez, M. M., Mata, S., Serrano, F., & Calero, M. D. (2020). Wisconsin card sorting test-learning potential: Usefulness for assessing children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50, 4230-4242, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04488-2 This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04488-2This study analyzes the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-Learning Potential (WCST-LP) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) versus children with typical development (TD). Its main aim was to assess: the test’s construct validity; the effect of IQ on its pretest and LP scores; and whether the WCST-LP held any relationship to cognitive/EF and social abili- ties. Participants were 105 children (43 with ASD/62 with TD). Results showed evidence of construct validity in an ASD population (improvements from pretest to posttest), that full IQ influenced pretest performance but did not affect LP, and that a relationship between LP and verbal and social abilities existed only in children with ASD. Conclusions indicate the appropriateness of the WCST-LP in ASD prognosis assessment.The research reported in this paper is funded by the Junta de Andalucía (HUM-129 & HUM-820), and the Research project (Excel- lence call, 2012) [P12-SEJ-560

An approximation to the identification of contexts, experiences, and profiles of victims of drug-facilitated sexual assaults

This study advances on overcoming a bias limiting the forensic cases studies of drug-facilitated sexual assaults: a narrow study focus, restricted to assaults affecting young women in leisure contexts related to nightlife, party culture, and dating. A new working framework is applied to analyse data from cases received in the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (Madrid, Spain) over the six years between 2012 and 2017. The work throws light on non-previously described contexts, experiences, and profiles of victims, including domestic cohabitation, labour, education, healthcare, women trafficking, and the daily life of people with intellectual disabilities.Ministerio de Sanidad (Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas) e Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (UAH, IUICP

How important is donor age in liver transplantation?

The age of liver donors has been increasing in the past several years because of a donor shortage. In the United States, 33% of donors are age 50 years or older, as are more than 50% in some European countries. The impact of donor age on liver transplantation (LT) has been analyzed in several studies with contradictory conclusions. Nevertheless, recent analyses of the largest databases demonstrate that having an older donor is a risk factor for graft failure. Donor age is included as a risk factor in the more relevant graft survival scores, such as the Donor Risk Index, donor age and Model for End-stage Liver Disease, Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation, and the Balance of Risk. The use of old donors is related to an increased rate of biliary complications and hepatitis C virus-related graft failure. Although liver function does not seem to be significantly affected by age, the incidence of several liver diseases increases with age, and the capacity of the liver to manage or overcome liver diseases or external injuries decreases. In this paper, the importance of age in LT outcomes, the role of donor age as a risk factor, and the influence of aging on liver regeneration are reviewed