Diseño y propiedades psicométricas del AVACO-EVADIE. Cuestionario para la evaluación de la atención a la diversidad como dimensión educativa en las instituciones escolares

El presente artículo muestra el proceso seguido para diseñar e identificar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento de evaluación del constructo Atención a la Diversidad como variable de contexto. Para ello, se ha comenzado con una pequeña revisión de los instrumentos utilizados para recoger información sobre la diversidad tanto cultural como social, lingü.stica o en capacidades. A continuación y, partiendo de una clasificación de los distintos enfoques teóricos, se ha construido un primer instrumento, apostando por un enfoque inclusivo. Posteriormente se procede a una validación por expertos. Tras la validación se toma la decisión de subdividir el instrumento original en cuatro instrumentos, uno por audiencia encuestada y por último al pilotaje del mismo. El análisis de la fiabilidad del instrumento nos lleva a la conclusión de que se trata de un cuestionario fiable para recoger información acerca de como afrontan los centros la Atención a la Diversidad.

Personal support networks and informal care: differences by sex and place? (CUIDAR-SE II study)

nObjetivo: Comparar la composición y la funcionalidad de apoyo social de redes personales de personascuidadoras de Granada y Gipuzkoa en función del sexo y la provincia.Método: Estudio transversal con metodología de análisis de redes personales. Se seleccionó una muestrade 66 personas cuidadoras segmentada por sexo en cada provincia. Se recogieron variables de compo-sición, funcionalidad de apoyo y contenido relacional de 1650 contactos personales que conforman lasredes estudiadas. Se utilizó el software EgoNet para la recogida, el análisis y la representación gráfica delas redes. Se midió la asociación de las características de la red con el sexo (de las personas cuidadoras yde las que componen sus redes) mediante la prueba de ji al cuadrado. Se analizaron los vínculos dentrode las redes.Resultados: Las redes de las personas cuidadoras de Granada están más feminizadas que las de Gipuzkoa.Las mujeres de Gipuzkoa cuentan con redes compuestas por menos familiares que las de Granada y conmayor número de relaciones entre las personas que las apoyan. Además, cuentan con más apoyo dehombres que de mujeres en todas las tareas analizadas, excepto en atención a la enfermedad. En ambasprovincias, los hombres cuidadores presentan en sus redes más mujeres que ayudan en tareas específicasde cuidado que hombres. Solo en actividades fuera del hogar en Granada hay más hombres que ayudanque mujeres (76,1% vs. 57%; p = 0,026).Conclusión: Se aprecian diferencias según el sexo y entre provincias en la composición de las redes y enel modo en que hombres y mujeres reciben y ofrecen apoyo en el cuidado.tObjective: To compare the composition and functionality of social support of personal networks of care-givers of Granada and Gipuzkoa (Spain) according to sex and province.Method: Cross-sectional study with personal network analysis methodology. A sample of 66 caregiverssegmented by sex in each province was selected. We collected variables of composition, functional andrelational content in social support of 1,650 personal relationships of the networks studied. The EgoNetsoftware was used for the collection, analysis and graphic representation of the networks. The associationof the characteristics of the network with sex (of the caregivers and those who make up their networks)was measured, using Chi-square. The links within the networks were analyzed.Results: The networks of caregivers in Granada are more feminized than those in Gipuzkoa. The women ofGipuzkoa have less familiar networks than those of Granada and with a greater number of relationshipsamong the people who support them. They also have more support from men than women in all the tasksanalyzed, except in attention to the disease. In both provinces, male caregivers show in their networksmore women who help in specific care tasks than men. Only in activities outside the home in Granadathere are more men who help than women (76.1% vs. 57%; p = 0.026).Conclusion: Gender differences between provinces can be seen in the composition of the networks and in the way in which men and women receive and offer support in care

Gender Differences in Social Support Received by Informal Caregivers: A Personal Network Analysis Approach

Social support is an important predictor of the health of a population. Few studies have analyzed the influence of caregivers? personal networks from a gender perspective. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition, structure, and function of informal caregiver support networks and to examine gender differences. It also aimed to explore the association between different network characteristics and self-perceived health among caregivers. We performed a social network analysis study using a convenience sample of 25 female and 25 male caregivers. A descriptive analysis of the caregivers and bivariate analyses for associations with self-perceived health were performed. The structural metrics analyzed were density; degree centrality mean; betweenness centrality mean; and number of cliques, components, and isolates. The variability observed in the structure of the networks was not explained by gender. Some significant differences between men and women were observed for network composition and function. Women received help mainly from women with a similar profile to them. Men?s networks were broader and more diverse and they had more help from outside family circles, although these outcomes were not statistically significant. Our results indicate the need to develop strategies that do not reinforce traditional gender roles, but rather encourage a greater sharing of responsibility among all parties.Funding: This project has received funding from Consejería de Salud (Junta de Andalucía) (PS-0280–2016) and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (PI16/00207

Thermal Performance Assessment of Walls Made of Three Types of Sustainable Concrete Blocks by Means of FEM and Validated through an Extensive Measurement Campaign

The thermal behavior of three different walls, made with and without by-products, is assessed by means of the Finite Element Method, aiming to evaluate its performance in terms of the sustainable construction of the blocks. Results were compared to those obtained from an experimental campaign, aiming at validation of the model. The by-products used for the blocks were “lime sludge” and “sawdust”, whose performance was compared against the traditional blocks made of concrete as a reference, aiming to demonstrate its sustainability, showing decreases of the thermal transmittance up to 10.5%. Additionally, following the same methodology, the thermal behavior of these above-mentioned blocks but now with added internal insulation made of “recycled cellulose” was assessed, showing higher decreases up to 25.5%, increasing sustainability by addressing an additional reduction in waste, so the right combination of using by-products and the insulating filler in their cavities has been revealed as a promising way of optimizing the walls, offering a relevant improvement in energy savings. Finally, when comparing the U-values of the blocks made of concrete without insulation versus those made of by-products, with insulation, improvements up to 33.3% were reached. The adaptation of the procedure through a moisture correction factor was also incorporated

Guía para realizar una cartografía temática basada en tecnologías de la información geográfica

El objetivo del Proyecto es establecer una metodología de trabajo que ayude a la detección y posterior medida del sellado de suelos. La accesibilidad a bases de datos, material cartográfico e imágenes de satélite facilita la actualización de cartografía temática, que pretende en esta ocasión, determinar asentamientos en áreas de riesgo de diversa índole y dar información a los gestores del territorio sobre aspectos medioambientales que deberían tenerse en cuenta al clasificar o reclasificar los suelos de cada municipio. Además de la pérdida de suelo por crecimiento urbano, fácilmente observable mediante imágenes de satélite y fotografías aéreas, se quiere destacar la inadecuación de algunos proyectos urbanísticos recientes, que repiten e incrementan los errores medioambientales del pasado, aún a riesgo de poner en peligro la vida y los bienes de las personas. Este sellado implica también un cambio importante en el paisaje vegetal de un área con importante vegetación de ribera. Para ello se ha seleccionado como caso piloto un área localizada al sudeste de la Comunidad de Madrid, en el límite con la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, afectando a las provincias de Cuenca, Guadalajara y Madrid, en las vegas y terrazas del río Tajo y muy influenciada por el “efecto frontera”. Se ha analizado el sellado del suelo y la evolución del paisaje vegetal

Validity and reliability of an offline ultrasound measurement of bladder base displacement in women

[Abstract] The effect of different exercises on the position of pelvic organs in women has not been sufficiently assessed. The objective was to analyze the validity and reliability of a new two-dimensional ultrasound algorithm to measure offline the displacement of the bladder base during abdominal exercises. This algorithm could be a useful method to future studies in determine the most appropriate exercises in sports and in rehabilitative program for the pelvic floor in women. All subjects were tested by transverse transabdominal ultrasound. The measurements were conducted offline using a customized code written in MATLAB (Ecolab) for image-processing, and manually on the ultrasound monitor using electronic calipers. The agreement was assessed with a paired t-test, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r), the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), the intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (A,2) and a Bland–Altman plot. The reliability was confirmed by the interdays intra-rater ICC coefficient. The results were that Ecolab and ultrasound transducer measures did not differ statistically (p = 0.246). Furthermore, both methods showed a very strong relationship, and the Ecolab demonstrated to be a valid and reliable method. We concluded that Ecolab seemed to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the effect of abdominal contractions in the female pelvic floor.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); PID2020-113578RB-I00Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020/14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

Insertion of benzyne into the Pd–C bond. Synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives by sequential insertion of benzyne and CO: 2,2’-functionalized biaryls containing alkylamino and carboxymethyl substituents. Isolation of stable carbopalladated-benzyne intermediates

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Chemical Communications, copyright © Royal Society of Chemistry after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/Reaction of ortho-palladated derivatives of phentermine and homoveratrylamine with benzyne allows the synthesis of enlarged eight-membered palladacycles resulting from the insertion of the aryne into the Pd–C bond, which subsequently react with CO, to render unnatural amino acid derivatives

Reactivity toward CO of Eight-Membered Palladacycles Derived from the Insertion of Alkenes into the Pd–C Bond of Cyclopalladated Primary Arylalkylamines of Pharmaceutical Interest. Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzazocinones, Ortho-Functionalized Phenethylamines, Ureas, and an Isocyanate

This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/. This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Organometallics copyright © American Chemical Society, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.The ortho-metalated complex [Pd{C,N-C6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (1a) derived from homoveratrylamine reacts with ethyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone or 2-norbornene to give the dimeric complex arising from the insertion of the alkene into the Pd–C bond, [Pd{C,N-CH(R)CH2C6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (R = CO2Et (2a1), C(O)Me (2a2)) or [Pd{C,N-CH(C5H8)CHC6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (2a3). Complexes 2a and the phentermine homologues 2b react with CO to afford Pd(0) and (1) tetrahydrobenzazocinones, the heterocycles resulting from CO insertion into the Pd–C bond and C–N coupling, (2) unnatural aminoacid derivatives resulting from CO insertion and the reaction of the obtained acyl complex with the solvent (MeOH), or the product of protonolysis of the Pd–C bond, depending on the nature of the initial cyclopalladated compound or (3) ureas, alone or mixed with an isocyanate, in the presence of a base. Phentermine derivatives 2b react with HCl to give a dinuclear palladium complex [PdCl(μ- Cl)(L)], where L is the amine arising from the protonolysis of the Pd–C bond or the alkyl group resulting from Pd–N bond protonolysis, depending on the nature of the inserted alkene. The crystal structures of some palladium complexes and organic compounds have been determined by X-ray diffraction studies

A New Method for High Yield Cyclopalladation of Primary and Secondary Amines. Atom-Efficient Open-to-Air Inexpensive Synthesis of Buchwald-Type Precatalysts

This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Organometallics copyright © American Chemical Society, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/om200464sA new method for high yield cyclopalladation of primary and secondary amines involving the corresponding ammonium triflates, instead of the amines generally employed is reported. The method is applied for the synthesis of Buchwald-type precatalysts [Pd(C,N-C6H4CH2CH(R’)NHR- 2)X(phosphine)] that can be easily prepared by reaction of Pd(OAc)2, one equiv of the ammonium triflate [PhCH2CH(R’)NH2R]OTf and an excess of NaX, and then treating the resulting complexes [Pd2(C,N-C6H4CH2CH(R’)NHR-2)2(μ-X)2] with the appropriate phosphine. This new method has several advantages over Buchwald´s reported synthesis

Evolución de la teoría económica de las finanzas: una breve revisión

Para todos los profesionales interesados en el área de las finanzas, sean o no economistas, es muy importante lograr un detallado conocimiento sobre las técnicas y herramientas que se pueden emplear para valorar el riesgo y el rendimiento de aquellos activos en los que se desea invertir. Este artículo presenta una breve y clara descripción de los distintos modelos que se han desarrollado desde el año 1952, año en el que Harry Markowitz presentó su teoría de portafolios, hasta nuestros días. En otros términos este trabajo presenta la evolución o estado del arte de la Teoría económica de las finanzas.Teoría Económica de las Finanzas, Modelo CAPM, Mode- lo APT, Modelo OPM, Riesgo, Valoración de Activos