Chemical characteristics of soybean meals available in the European Union market: A 2015 survey

The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and nutritive value of soybean meals (SBM) from beans of different origins collected in the European Union in 2015 . Based on a previous survey conducted from 2008 to 2014, we hypothesized that the SBM from the different countries could show differences in chemical composition, protein quality, and nutritional value. In total, 40 SBM samples from USA (n = 14), Brazil (BRA; n = 15), and Argentina (ARG; n = 11) were collected at random from 5 key feed compounders and analyzed for proximal components, minerals, sugars, fibers, amino acids (AA), and protein quality

Electrical generator's manufacturing through recycled materials for self-consumption

The reduction of the useful life of some technologies for various reasons currently generates a large amount of electronic waste whose main destination is landfills located in underdeveloped countries. On the other hand, the lack of availability of electrical energy can encourage the use of other less efficient means of generation with a greater environmental impact. To overcome these problems, it is proposed to recover certain wastes in the manufacture of small wind turbines for use in the construction of these countries. This article provides a practical example of the design of the electric machine and its performance in building with the positive social, economic and environmental impact of the regions involved

Differential effects of high-lysine mutations on the accumulation of individual members of a group of proteins encoded by a disperse multigene family in the endosperm of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

The CM proteins are a group of major salt-soluble endosperm proteins encoded by a disperse multigene family. The effects of high-lysine mutations on the net accumulation in barley endosperm of three members of this group (CMa, CMb, and CMe) have been investigated. Genes CMa, CMb and CMe are located in chromosomes 1, 4, and 3 respectively. Protein CMe has been found to be identical with a previously described trypsin inhibitor. The three proteins have been quantified in the different genetic stocks by HPLC. The different high-lysine mutations have different effects on the expression patterns of the three genes: CMe is markedly decreased and CMa and CMb are increased in mutant Risø 1508, whereas all three proteins are decreased in Risø 527 and increased in Risø 7 with respect to the wild-type Bomi; CMa and CMb are increased and CMe is unaffected in mutant Risø 56 with respect to the wild-type Carlsberg II; and protein CMe is markedly decreased in Hiproly barley as compared with its sister line CI4362. The implications of these results in connection with the evolution of CM proteins and with the characterization of high-lysine mutations are discusse

Signal peptide homology between the sweet protein thaumatin II and unrelated cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors

A cDNA clone (pUP-23) corresponding to a member of a protein family that includes inhibitors of trypsin and of heterologous α-amylases has been selected from a library derived from developing barley endosperm and its sequence has been determined. A stretch of 95 nucleotides that included the signal peptide and the first 8 residues of the mature protein was found to be homologous to an exactly equivalent region of the nucleotide sequence encoding the sweet protein thaumatin II. Evolutionary implications of this finding are discussed

Advance directives and real-world end-of-life clinical practice : a case-control study

Background Advance directives (ADs) have been legally regulated to promote autonomy over health decisions among patients who later lose decision-making capacity. Aims and objectives To analyse the differences in clinical practice at end of life among people who had completed an AD versus those who had not. Methods Retrospective case-control study (1:2), matched by age, sex, year, cause of death and region of residence. The data sources used were the ADs registry, central registry of insured persons, hospital discharge, pharmacy and billing databases, and the mortality registry. Conditional logistic regression models (crude and adjusted by socioeconomic level) were performed. The outcome variable was the frequency of medical procedures performed during the last year of life. Results 1723 people with ADs who died in Catalonia during 2014-2015 were matched with 3446 dead controls (without ADs). Thoracentesis was the procedure with the greatest reduction among women with an AD (adjusted OR (OR adj) 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.89) in conjunction with artificial nutrition (OR adj 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.95). Intubation was the procedure with the greatest reduction (OR adj 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.94) among men. Slight differences could be seen in the case of cancer deaths. There were no relevant differences when adjusting by socioeconomic level. Conclusions ADs are an effective tool to adjust the realisation of some procedures at end of life. These results can help better plan for the treatment of patients with ADs, as well as increase the awareness among clinical personnel, families and the general population

Evaluación del ruido al borde del camino en pavimentos rígidos y flexibles para proponer medidas de amortiguamiento acústico, Huaraz, 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general evaluar la intensidad de ruido generado al borde del camino en pavimentos rígidos y flexibles como indicador de sostenibilidad para el establecimiento de una propuesta de medidas de amortiguamiento acústico, Huaraz, 2021. El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo e hizo uso de la observación, análisis y síntesis como técnicas de investigación. La metodología de medición del ruido en carreteras se realizó siguiendo el método “Sobre el borde del camino”. Asimismo, para proponer medidas de amortiguamiento acústico se revisaron experiencias exitosas en el marco de la gestión sostenible de pavimentos y disminución de la contaminación acústica. Los resultados del estudio le otorgaron mayor intensidad de ruido a los corredores viales de pavimento rígido (66.55 dB) en comparación a los de pavimentos flexibles (55.74 dB). Se concluyó que, las medidas de amortiguamiento de ruido incluyen, la implementación de asfaltos porosos y pavimentos rígidos desgastados por cortadoras con discos de diamante, así como su mantenimiento respectivo

Waste-to-fuel technologies for the bioconversion of carrot discards into biobutanol

Producción CientíficaCarrot discard was evaluated as a raw material for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Different strategies based on hydrothermal pretreatment and/or enzymatic hydrolysis were compared for biobutanol production from carrot discard pulp. In addition, the use of different types of enzymes and diverse enzyme mixtures were evaluated. In this way, total sugar recoveries of up to 76%, and butanol and ABE concentrations of 7.4 and 11.5 g/L, respectively (74 g butanol and 115 g ABE/kg carrot pulp), were achieved when the carrot discard pulp was enzymatically hydrolyzed, without pretreatment, using a mixture of enzymes of Cellic CTec2 and Viscozyme L at a dosage of 0.1 and 0.2 g/g, respectively. When a hydrothermal pretreatment was applied, a total sugar recovery of 88%, 6.9 g/L butanol and 10.1 g/L ABE (69 g butanol and 101 g ABE/kg carrot pulp) were attained using the same mixture of enzymes. In this way, no hydrothermal pretreatment would be necessary to produce ABE from carrot discard, which is very interesting for the profitability of the process. Furthermore, the carrot discard juice yielded 6.4 and 9 g/L butanol and ABE, respectively, showing that all the carrot discards could be used for ABE production.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (project PID2020-115110RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033))Junta de Castilla y León (projects UIC 320, VAG028G19, CLU-2017-09 and CL-EI-2021-07

Viability of the biochar production from different manure wastes in the Amblés Valley (Ávila, Spain)

In the last years, intensive animal husbandry production has led to a large concentration of animals in small areas. This has resulted in the production of excessive amounts of manures with insufficient nearby land for application. One of this areas is the Amblés Valley located in the centre of Spain, near to Ávila city, with an extension of 167472 ha of which 88.9% is agricultural land. This valley has an important livestock focused on pig, cattle, chicken production which is associated with the generation of more than 200,000 t/year of manure. There are a number of environmental problems associated with these intensive agricultural systems, including N and P pollution of water bodies, methane emissions and odour pollution. These serious environmental threats are called for innovative environmental management approaches. A feasible technology for the management of manures, offering a potential to valorise these wastes, is pyrolysis, which results in the production of biochar. The objective of this work is evaluated the technical and economic feasibility of the production of biochar in Amblés Valley (Spain)

El impacto del trato de los medios de comunicación en la dignidad de la comunidad LGBTI

El presente proyecto de investigación tiene por objetivo determinar cuál es el impacto del trato de los medios de comunicación en la dignidad de la comunidad LGBTI, siendo una investigación cualitativa – descriptiva, ya que se observarán cualidades y características además de la descripción y análisis de situaciones y hechos difundidos y transmitidos por los medios de comunicación. Siendo que, para la recolección de datos; se usó el instrumento de la entrevista, la cual proporciono información y conocimientos valiosos para la realización del mismo. Además del análisis de documentos pertinentes nacionales y extranjeros, es que se ve la urgencia de acoger en nuestro país, al igual que en España, Chile, Colombia y Uruguay normas destinadas a proteger y salvaguardar la dignidad de la comunidad LGBTI en el impacto del trato de los medios de comunicación. Concluyendo que, para salvaguardar tal derecho fundamental y humano, es necesario e indispensable proponer una adición normativa en el artículo 33° de la Ley de Radio y Televisión