Tracking the dynamic nature of learner individual differences: Initial results from a longitudinal study

Individual differences (IDs) have long been considered one of the most important factors explaining variable rates and outcomes in second language acquisition (Dewaele, 2013). While traditional operationalizations of IDs have, explicitly or implicitly, assumed that IDs are static traits that are stable through time, more recent research inspired by complex dynamic systems theory (Larsen-Freeman, 1997, 2020) demonstrates that many IDs are dynamic and variable through time and across contexts, a theme echoed throughout the current issue. This study reports the initial semester of a diachronic project investigating the dynamicity of four learner IDs: motivation, personality, learning and cognitive styles, and working memory. In the initial semester, data from 323 participants in their first year of university-level Spanish were collected and analyzed to determine what type of variability may be present across learners with respect to the four IDs studied at one time point and to discern possible learner profiles in the data or patterns via which the data may be otherwise meaningfully described. The results revealed four types of learner profiles present in the dataset

Communicate community: A community communication experience in the town of Tilisarao (San Luis)

El artículo presenta el desarrollo de una comunicación comunitaria gráfica y las decisiones tomadas para la construcción de los procesos participativos que llevaron a su producción, conjuntamente con las organizaciones sociales de la comunidad de Tilisarao, durante el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. Esta labor involucra el desafío que nos compete como comunicadores sociales: el de repensar políticamente la comunicación como práctica articuladora de derechos humanos, reconocidos y legitimados por diferentes instrumentos legales. Trabajamos en ese sentido, estrategias de comunicación que posibilitaron la participación de las personas y el abordaje de problemas prácticos y necesidades identificadas y definidas por ellos, a través del diálogo colectivo. Involucramos a actores sociales reconocidos a través de la exploración de archivos institucionales, el relevamiento de experiencias similares en la comunidad, la aplicación metodológica de instrumentos de recolección de datos y un mapeo participativo de actores sociales, entre otros. Desarrollamos la información relevada en el trabajo de campo que da cuenta del contexto comunitario y el mapa de actores/referentes y la participación de los mismos en estos instrumentos. El resultado decantó en la experiencia de participación colectiva de diversas instituciones, donde las personas pudieron expresar opiniones y puntos de vista, comunicar inquietudes y proponer acciones a la hora de construir el consenso para el producto gráfico final: “Comunicando andamos”. Esta publicación involucró la intervención de diversas organizaciones y sirvió como herramienta de socialización de nuestras prácticas.The article presents the development of a graphic community communication and the decisions taken for the construction of the participatory processes that led to its production, together with the social organizations of the Tilisarao community, during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This work involves the challenge that concerns us as social communicators: that of politically rethinking communication as an articulating practice of human rights, recognized and legitimized by different legal instruments. In this sense, we work on communication strategies that make it possible for people to participate and address practical problems and needs identified and defined by them, through collective dialogue. We involve recognized social actors through the exploration of institutional archives, the survey of similar experiences in the community, the methodological application of data collection instruments and a participatory mapping of social actors, among others. We develop the information collected in the field work that accounts for the community context and the map of actors/references and their participation in these instruments. The result decanted in the experience of collective participation of various institutions, where people were able to express opinions and points of view, communicate concerns and propose actions when building consensus for the final graphic product: "Comunicando andamos". This publication involved the intervention of various organizations and served as a tool for socializing our practices.Fil: García, Rodrigo Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Hidalgo, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentin

Communicate community: A community communication experience in the town of Tilisarao (San Luis)

El artículo presenta el desarrollo de una comunicación comunitaria gráfica y las decisiones tomadas para la construcción de los procesos participativos que llevaron a su producción, conjuntamente con las organizaciones sociales de la comunidad de Tilisarao, durante el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. Esta labor involucra el desafío que nos compete como comunicadores sociales: el de repensar políticamente la comunicación como práctica articuladora de derechos humanos, reconocidos y legitimados por diferentes instrumentos legales. Trabajamos en ese sentido, estrategias de comunicación que posibilitaron la participación de las personas y el abordaje de problemas prácticos y necesidades identificadas y definidas por ellos, a través del diálogo colectivo. Involucramos a actores sociales reconocidos a través de la exploración de archivos institucionales, el relevamiento de experiencias similares en la comunidad, la aplicación metodológica de instrumentos de recolección de datos y un mapeo participativo de actores sociales, entre otros. Desarrollamos la información relevada en el trabajo de campo que da cuenta del contexto comunitario y el mapa de actores/referentes y la participación de los mismos en estos instrumentos. El resultado decantó en la experiencia de participación colectiva de diversas instituciones, donde las personas pudieron expresar opiniones y puntos de vista, comunicar inquietudes y proponer acciones a la hora de construir el consenso para el producto gráfico final: “Comunicando andamos”. Esta publicación involucró la intervención de diversas organizaciones y sirvió como herramienta de socialización de nuestras prácticas.The article presents the development of a graphic community communication and the decisions taken for the construction of the participatory processes that led to its production, together with the social organizations of the Tilisarao community, during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This work involves the challenge that concerns us as social communicators: that of politically rethinking communication as an articulating practice of human rights, recognized and legitimized by different legal instruments. In this sense, we work on communication strategies that make it possible for people to participate and address practical problems and needs identified and defined by them, through collective dialogue. We involve recognized social actors through the exploration of institutional archives, the survey of similar experiences in the community, the methodological application of data collection instruments and a participatory mapping of social actors, among others. We develop the information collected in the field work that accounts for the community context and the map of actors/references and their participation in these instruments. The result decanted in the experience of collective participation of various institutions, where people were able to express opinions and points of view, communicate concerns and propose actions when building consensus for the final graphic product: "Comunicando andamos". This publication involved the intervention of various organizations and served as a tool for socializing our practices.Fil: García, Rodrigo Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Hidalgo, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentin

Recent Evidence-Based Clinical Guide for the Use of Dinutuximab Beta in Pediatric Patients with Neuroblastoma

Dinutuximab beta; Pacients pediàtrics; NeuroblastomaDinutuximab beta; Pacientes pediátricos; NeuroblastomaDinutuximab beta; Pediatric patients; NeuroblastomaThe anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta (Qarziba®) has been added to the present standard of care for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma in Europe based on the positive results obtained in different studies. In both the first-line and relapsed/refractory settings, treatment with dinutuximab beta attains objective clinical responses in children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Its incorporation has changed the outcome for these patients and optimized management should be guaranteed to minimize possible adverse effects. Most prevalent adverse events include pain, allergic reactions, fever and capillary leak syndrome. There are still no evidence-based clinical guidelines that include the latest published evidence to optimize its use, as it depends on the experience gained in each referral center. Topics such as the mode of preparation and administration, the concomitant use of interleukin-2, the recommended pediatric age and dose for its use, or the adequate management of possible toxicities are important aspects to review. The objective of this article was to update the clinical guide to management with dinutuximab beta of children with neuroblastoma based on the most recent published evidence and our own experience in clinical practice

Exercise, Mediterranean Diet Adherence or Both during Pregnancy to Prevent Postpartum Depression—GESTAFIT Trial Secondary Analyses

Targeting lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy is crucial to prevent the highly prevalent postpartum depression and its consequences. In these secondary analyses of an intervention trial to investigate the effects of concurrent exercise training on postpartum depression, we aimed to investigate the potential role of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence on the exercise effects. A total of 85 pregnant women met the per-protocol criteria (exercise n = 46, control n = 39). The exercise program was delivered in 60 min sessions, 3 days/week, from the 17th gestational week until birth. Women's dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. The Mediterranean Food Pattern (an MD index) was derived from it to assess MD adherence. We used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to assess postpartum depression. The postpartum depression score was not statistically different between control and exercise groups (p > 0.05). A higher consumption of fruits (beta = -0.242, p = 0.022), lower intake of red meat and subproducts (beta = 0.244, p = 0.020), and a greater MD adherence (beta = -0.236, p = 0.027) were associated with lower levels of postpartum depression. Greater adherence to the MD during pregnancy was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and a lower risk of postpartum depression. Postnatal depression was not reduced by prenatal exercise. Promoting fruit consumption while controlling the intake of red meat during pregnancy might prevent postnatal depression.Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucia PI-0395-2016Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT) 2016, Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES)Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises, and UniversityEuropean Regional Development Funds of the University of Granada SOMM17/6107/UGRSpanish Government FPU17/0371

Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill‑being and well‑being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project

Purpose The relation between diet and maternal mental health during pregnancy might be relevant to prevent adverse materno-foetal outcomes. This study examined the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with mental health during pregnancy. Methods This secondary analysis of the GESTAFIT trial included longitudinal data from 152 pregnant women. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was derived from it using the Mediterranean Food pattern. Psychological ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety, and depression) and well-being (i.e., emotional intelligence, resilience, positive affect) were assessed with the Spanish version of well-established self-reported questionnaires. Cross-sectional (16th gestational week [g.w.]) and longitudinal associations (34th g.w.) between MD and mental health were studied using linear regression models. Results A greater MD adherence was inversely associated with negative affect and anxiety; and positively associated with emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect at the 16th and 34th g.w. (|β| ranging from 0.179 to 0.325, all p < 0.05). Additionally, a higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, and a lower intake of red meat and subproducts and sweets were associated with lower negative affect, anxiety, depression and higher emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect throughout gestation (|β| ranging from 0.168 to 0.415, all p < 0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, together with a lower intake of red meat and sweets, resulted in a higher MD adherence, which was associated with a better mental health during pregnancy.Universidad de Granada /CBUA The Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0395–2016) The Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT) 2016, Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES), and the Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises and University, European Regional Development Funds (SOMM17/6107/UGR) of the University of Granada. Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715). The Swedish Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (2021-00036)

Novel Horizons in Postbiotics: Lactobacillaceae Extracellular Vesicles and Their Applications in Health and Disease

Lactobacillus probiotics contained in dietary supplements or functional foods are wellknown for their beneficial properties exerted on host health and diverse pathological situations. Their capacity to improve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and regulate the immune system is especially remarkable. Although bacteria–host interactions have been thought to occur directly, the key role that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics play on this point is being unveiled. EVs are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles that carry a wide range of cargo compounds and act in different signalling pathways. Notably, these EVs have been recently proposed as a safe alternative to the utilisation of live bacteria since they can avoid the possible risks that probiotics may entail in vulnerable cases such as immunocompromised patients. Therefore, this review aims to give an updated overview of the existing knowledge about EVs from different Lactobacillus strains, their mechanisms and effects in host health and different pathological conditions. All of the information collected suggests that EVs could be considered as potential tools for the development of future novel therapeutic approaches.Junta de Andalucia CTS 164 PY20_01157Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19/01058 European Commissio

Influence of an exercise intervention plus an optimal Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy on the telomere length of the placenta. The GESTAFIT project

We aimed to investigate whether the effects of exercise on placental relative telomere length (RTL) after delivery are modulated by the Mediterranean diet [MD] adherence in 65 pregnant women (control n = 34, exercise n = 31). No differences were found in placental RTL between the exercise and the control groups (p = 0.557). The interaction-term between exercise and MD adherence with placental RTL was significant (p = 0.001). Specifically, women in the exercise group showed longer placental RTL after birth compared to controls (referent group), only for those women with a high MD adherence (mean difference = 0.467, p=0.010). A concurrentexercise training plus an optimal MD adherence during pregnancy might prevent the placental RTL shorteningRegional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucia PI -0395-2016Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT) 2016Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES)European Commission 2021 - 00036Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) 101027215European Commission FPU17/03715Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises and Universit

The Q-junction and the inflammatory response are critical pathological and therapeutic factors in CoQ deficiency

Defects in Coenzyme Q (CoQ) metabolism have been associated with primary mitochondrial disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic conditions. The consequences of CoQ deficiency have not been fully addressed, and effective treatment remains challenging. Here, we use mice with primary CoQ deficiency (Coq9R239X), and we demonstrate that CoQ deficiency profoundly alters the Q-junction, leading to extensive changes in the mitochondrial proteome and metabolism in the kidneys and, to a lesser extent, in the brain. CoQ deficiency also induces reactive gliosis, which mediates a neuroinflammatory response, both of which lead to an encephalopathic phenotype. Importantly, treatment with either vanillic acid (VA) or β-resorcylic acid (β-RA), two analogs of the natural precursor for CoQ biosynthesis, partially restores CoQ metabolism, particularly in the kidneys, and induces profound normalization of the mitochondrial proteome and metabolism, ultimately leading to reductions in gliosis, neuroinflammation and spongiosis and, consequently, reversing the phenotype. Together, these results provide key mechanistic insights into defects in CoQ metabolism and identify potential disease biomarkers. Furthermore, our findings clearly indicate that the use of analogs of the CoQ biosynthetic precursor is a promising alternative therapy for primary CoQ deficiency and has potential for use in the treatment of more common neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases that are associated with secondary CoQ deficiency.MCIN/AEI, SpainEuropean Commission RTI2018093503-B-100Muscular Dystrophy Association MDA-602322Junta de Andalucia P20_00134 PEER-00832020EPIC-XS - Horizon 2020 programme of the European Union 823839"Plan Propio de Investigacion" from the University of Granada Junta de Andaluci

Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Health-Related Quality of Life during Pregnancy: Is the Mediterranean Diet Beneficial in Non-Mediterranean Countries?

This study aimed to examine the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pregnant women from Spain and Sweden. A total of 138 pregnant women from Spain (age: 32.9 ± 4.6 years old) and 302 pregnant women from Sweden (age: 31.3 ± 4.1 years old) were included. MD adherence was assessed with the Mediterranean food pattern (i.e., a MD index) at the 14–16th gestational weeks. HRQoL was assessed with the Spanish and Swedish versions of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36 and RAND-36, respectively) at the 14–16th and 34–37th gestational weeks. A greater MD adherence was associated with better physical functioning, bodily pain, vitality, emotional role, and mental health in cross-sectional associations (2nd trimester) in the Spanish sample (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, a greater MD adherence was associated with lower bodily pain in both Spanish and Swedish samples (both p < 0.05) in the 3rd trimester. The associations of MD adherence with pain seem to be explained by a greater intake of fiber, fish, fruits, nuts, and legumes (all p < 0.05). A greater MD adherence, driven by a higher intake of fiber, fish, fruits, nuts, and legumes, was associated with lower pain throughout pregnancy in both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0395-2016)University of Granada, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), REF. SOMM17/6107/UGRSpanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715)Swedish Research Council (2016-01147