Las sociedades colectivas y comanditarias en la dinámica empresarial española del siglo XIX

Editada en la Universidad Carlos IIIPublicad

El sistema bancario español del siglo XIX: ¿Una estructura dual? Nuevos planteamientos y nuevas propuestas

Publicad

Las verdaderas historias de las muertes de Francisco Franco: para una revisión ucrónica del franquismo

Conferencias y Comunicaciones del primer Congreso Internacional de literatura fantástica y ciencia ficción, celebrado del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2008 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madri

An ASIC channel for acid chemotransduction

Producción CientíficaSpontaneous breathing requires feedback controls in which detection of blood gas and pH are critical. While O2 detection is performed by pheripheral chemoreceptors, CO2/pH-sensitive chemoreceptors are in the carotid bodies (CBs), but major sites are also within the brain (the central chemoreceptors [CCR]). CO2/pH signals are related to the acid-base status of the blood and reflect the adequacy of breathing to metabolism. Small changes in CO2/pH can affect breathing, so that a rise in Pco2 as small as 1 mm Hg produces an evident change in ventilation.1 Such a high CO2 sensitivity relies in the inherent properties of CO2/pH-sensing molecules present both in CB and CCR cells, as shown in several recent studies on CO2/pH sensing ion channels and receptors.2,3 Functional properties of most proteins can be regulated by changes in pH, as this would only require 1 or a few titratable residues of the molecule, whose protonation can lead to conformation changes that translate into changes in activity. However, to define whether those molecules have a relevant role in CO2/pH chemoreception, some more criteria should be met, including their range of pH sensitivity, their location in chemoreceptor cells, and their functional contribution to the integrated chemoreceptor response. In this regard, the molecular characterization of pH-sensitive channels and transporters has progressed considerably within the last years, but conclusive evidences of their contribution to acid chemotransduction are not so well established for many of them. The main reason for this delay is the fact that the identity of the primary sensory cells constituting CCRs and of their neuronal networks remains elusive. In vitro, neurons from many brain locations are excited or inhibited by CO2/pH changes, but it has been difficult to link this neuronal chemosensitivity to chemoreception in vivo. Moreover, in addition to chemosensitive neurons, CCRs sites may also contain neurons with other integrative functions that are not clearly distinct from chemosensitive ones in their morphological or functional properties, making their experimental study difficult.Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants R006/009 and PI041044)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (grant BFU2004-05551)Junta de Castilla y León (grant VA011C05

Are Kv channels the essence of O2 sensing?

Producción CientíficaThis report represents a relevant contribution to the study of oxygen sensing for two main reasons. First, it shows an approach adequate for identification of a putative O2-sensitive K+ channel, by moving from the modulation by hypoxia of a recombinant channel back to its physiological context, the role of this channel in the response to low Po2 of the native cells. Second, it demonstrates that hypoxic inhibition of the recombinant Kv3.1 channels is retained in excised membrane patches, pointing to a membrane-delimited mechanism as the origin of hypoxic responses. The importance of this latter finding deserves additional comment

Reseña

Obra ressenyada: Dolores FERNÁNDEZ MARTÍNEZ (dir.), La segunda generación del exilio republicano en México a través de la película 'En el balcón vacío'. Madrid: AEMIC; Ministerio de la Presidencia, 201

César Andrés Núñez, Una patria allá lejos, en el pasado. Memoria e imaginación en las “Historias e invenciones de Félix Muriel” de Rafael Dieste. El Colegio de México, México, 2011; 547 pp. (Serie Estudios de Lingüística y Literatura, 56).

Se reseña el libro:Una patria allá lejos, en el pasado. Memoria e imaginación en las "Historias e invenciones de Félix Muriel" de Rafael Dieste

Primeras poesías de Ramon Xirau

López García José Ramón. Primeras poesías de Ramon Xirau. In: Exils et migrations ibériques au XXe siècle, n°8, 2000. 60 ans d'exil républicain : des poètes espagnols entre mémoire et oubli. Anthologie. pp. 253-274