Theater, phraseology and paremiology in the spanish language classroom: Tra(d)ición by Beth Escudé I Gallès

El teatro es una herramienta fundamental en relación con la enseñanza/aprendizaje de la fraseología y la paremiología, en un enfoque dirigido a la acción que da sentido al proyecto llevado a cabo en clase. La paremiología y la fraseología, a su vez, son portadoras de connotaciones sociológicas que se remiten a una cultura específica, susceptible de ser estudiada desde un punto de vista contrastivo (español/italiano).Theater is a very important instrument in connection with the teaching and learning of phraseology and paremiology, within the context of an action-oriented approach which makes the project suitable for the classroom. Paremiology and pharesology are, moreover, transmitters of sociological connotations drawing on a specific culture appropriate for study from a contrastive (Spanish/Italian) point of view

Discrimination of milks with a multisensor system based on layer-by-layer films

Producción CientíficaA nanostructured electrochemical bi-sensor system for the analysis of milks has been developed using the layer-by-layer technique. The non-enzymatic sensor [CHI+IL/CuPcS]2, is a layered material containing a negative film of the anionic sulfonated copper phthalocyanine (CuPcS) acting as electrocatalytic material, and a cationic layer containing a mixture of an ionic liquid (IL) (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) that enhances the conductivity, and chitosan (CHI), that facilitates the enzyme immobilization. The biosensor ([CHI+IL/CuPcS]2-GAO) results from the immobilization of galactose oxidase on the top of the LbL layers. FTIR, UV–vis, and AFM have confirmed the proposed structure and cyclic voltammetry has demonstrated the amplification caused by the combination of materials in the film. Sensors have been combined to form an electronic tongue for milk analysis. Principal component analysis has revealed the ability of the sensor system to discriminate between milk samples with different lactose content. Using a PLS-1 calibration models, correlations have been found between the voltammetric signals and chemical parameters measured by classical methods. PLS-1 models provide excellent correlations with lactose content. Additional information about other components, such as fats, proteins, and acidity, can also be obtained. The method developed is simple, and the short response time permits its use in assaying milk samples online.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project AGL2015-67482-R)Junta de Castilla y Leon - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project VA-011U16)Junta de Castilla y León (grant BOCYL-D-4112015-9

Recent developments in Spanish exports of non-travel services

Rationale The strong growth in exports of non-travel services following the pandemic has contributed significantly to Spain’s economic recovery. It is therefore useful to analyse recent developments in these exports. Takeaways •The cumulative growth of real exports of non-travel services between 2020 and 2022 amounted to practically 50%. In 2022, they thus stood almost 20% above their 2019 level, a significantly larger gap than for other final demand components. •The recovery in non-travel services exports following the pandemic has boosted this item’s sustained growth of recent decades and has been mainly underpinned by exports of business, transport and IT services, especially to the euro area and North America. •The competitiveness of large Spanish exporting firms, which generally form part of corporate groups, might explain, at least in part, the robust growth in non-travel services exports after the pandemic

Assessing SDGs‘ learning objectives in Engineering Education. Case study Engineering in Industrial Design and Product Development at UPC Barcelona Tech

Research paperEducation for the Sustainable Development Goals (ESDG) in higher education requires a methodology to diagnose its presence in the degrees as a starting phaseto design a desired scenario, where graduates are qualified with the needed SDG competences. The EDINSOST2-SDG project, involving 8 Spanish universities, pursues this transition and sets the framework for this study. This paper shows the methodology and results of diagnosing the presence of sustainability competences and the SDG at the undergraduate engineering degree in Industrial Design and Product Development at the School of Engineering of Vilanova i la Geltrú of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. The methodology can be applied to any engineering degree and synthetases the results through Sustainability maps. The starting point is the Engineering Sustainability Map, from the project EDINSOST2-SDG that states the learning outcomes in relation to Sustainability and SDG that engineering students must master when graduating. From there we build assessment maps of the degree analysed. Map 1: shows the Sustainability learning outcomes. Map 2: shows the SDG based on their learning objectives. These maps allow curriculum designers to verify to what extent Sustainability and SDGs are embedded in the subjects, semesters and in the whole engineering degree.Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::4 - Educació de QualitatObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum ResponsablesPostprint (published version

Jesús Munárriz: il mio posto e quello degli altri. Presentazione bilingue

Jesús Munárriz (Spain, 1940) began publishing late, i.e. 1975. Whereas his birth date places him in the generation of the novísimos, who rejected the realistic, socially committed poetry of the majority of poets who preceded them, the dominant themes in Munárriz’s collections of poems show a clear connection with the earlier poets. In his work one finds certain culturalist features which surely relate him to his contemporaries, but these features seem somewhat unimportant when compared to their exuberance and protagonism in the “Venetian poets”. His poetry does not veer entirely away from its Spanish origins: a few names from the first half of the twentieth century come to mind immediately: Antonio Machado and Rafael Alberti, for example, but also others from subsequent generations, such as Jaime Gil de Biedma and Ángel González, all major poets who have given particular importance to social and political issues, without, for this reason, abandoning interest in more purely formal aspects, associating them with a primary desire for clarity and simplicity, evident in their preference for colloquial language

Spanish export market share in the past decade

Artículo de revist

Biosensors Platform Based on Chitosan/AuNPs/Phthalocyanine Composite Films for the Electrochemical Detection of Catechol. The Role of the Surface Structure

Producción CientíficaBiosensor platforms consisting of layer by layer films combining materials with different functionalities have been developed and used to obtain improved catechol biosensors. Tyrosinase (Tyr) or laccase (Lac) were deposited onto LbL films formed by layers of a cationic linker (chitosan, CHI) alternating with layers of anionic electrocatalytic materials (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS or gold nanoparticles, AuNP). Films with different layer structures were successfully formed. Characterization of surface roughness and porosity was carried out using AFM. Electrochemical responses towards catechol showed that the LbL composites efficiently improved the electron transfer path between Tyr or Lac and the electrode surface, producing an increase in the intensity over the response in the absence of the LbL platform. LbL structures with higher roughness and pore size facilitated the diffusion of catechol, resulting in lower LODs. The [(CHI)-(AuNP)-(CHI)-(CuPcS)]2-Tyr showed an LOD of 8.55∙10−4 μM, which was one order of magnitude lower than the 9.55·10−3 µM obtained with [(CHI)-(CuPcS)-(CHI)-(AuNP)]2-Tyr, and two orders of magnitude lower than the obtained with other nanostructured platforms. It can be concluded that the combination of adequate materials with complementary activity and the control of the structure of the platform is an excellent strategy to obtain biosensors with improved performances.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project RTI2018-097990-B-100)Junta de Castilla y Leon - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project VA275P18)Infraestructuras Red de Castilla y León (grant UVA01

Aplicación terapéutica de IFNβ e inhibidores de PDE4 y 7 en EAE: Modulación del equilibrio Th17/TregFoxp3

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica. Fecha de lectura: 2 de Octubre 201

La formazione di un’identità europea attraverso il linguaggio: l’apolide Jorge Semprún, oppure lo spagnolo delle tre patrie

Jorge Semprún (Madrid, 1923 - Paris, 2011) wrote novels in two languages, French and Spanish. His schizophrenic bilingualism led him to say that his homeland was language in general, not a language (his particular phraseology may be interpreted as a symptom of his illness). In both French and Spanish his fiction is deeply autobiographical. Indeed, literature seems to have been the writer’s lifesaver, the context in which he affirmed his at least double identity (without forgetting, however, the importance of German). This double identity he proudly affirmed both in politics and writing, which alternate and nurture each other throughout his life and by means of which he struggled to change the world, passionately committing himself to the making of Europe