Project Progress Tracking Using Lidar and 4D Design Models

SPR 811Accurate data collected from on-going construction projects assists project field engineers with tracking the progress of construction work. The comparison of as-planned schedules against the as-built status of construction enables the involved parties to determine project performance. Periodic monitoring of project performance enables timely identification of discrepancies between the schedule baseline and project schedule. The rapid identification of discrepancies allows necessary measures to be taken to minimize the impact of a delay on the construction workflow. In transportation projects, the traditional means of acquiring as-built data from a construction site prevents involved parties from receiving the required information from the site in a timely manner. The delay in the communication of information ultimately causes subsequent delays in implementing necessary courses of action targeted toward improving the workflow. Therefore, this project develops a technology-supplemented progress monitoring approach. The technology accurately records as-built data with a high level of detail from a construction worksite within a reasonable period of time using lidar while ensuring the safety of the data collector. The proposed framework utilizes point cloud data obtained using mobile lidar technology and 4D Design Models to identify deviations of the performed work from the planned work. Percentage of Completion (POC) for the as-built bridge elements are calculated and compared with the as-planned POC. The differences between these two POC values for an element, on a particular scan date, are used for assessing the performance of the proposed framework

Avaliação do cumprimento da NR-18 em função do porte de obra residencial e proposta de lista de verificação da NR-18

O presente trabalho investiga as reais condições dos ambientes de trabalho da indústria da construção, tendo em vista os problemas relacionados à segurança do trabalho nos canteiros de obras. Formulou-se a hipótese de haver discrepância no grau de cumprimento da NR-18 em obras de diferentes portes (pequena, média e grande). Baseado em uma lista de verificação do grau de cumprimento dos requisitos da NR-18, foram avaliados 115 canteiros de obra na cidade de Chapecó - SC. Para cada item da lista de verificação foi atribuída uma nota e, após compilar as informações, estas foram avaliadas conforme os objetivos da pesquisa. Fez-se uma análise crítica para os cinco piores e os cinco melhores itens observados para as obras pequenas, médias e grandes. Analisando-se os resultados é possível afirmar que há uma diferença significativa de aplicação da NR-18 nos diferentes portes de obras, sendo que as obras de grande porte obtiveram uma média final (6,47) significativamente superior em relação às obras pequenas (1,97). Desta forma, foi corroborada a hipótese formulada, podendo se atribuir este resultado a diversos fatores, entre os quais a falta de habilidades gerenciais de segurança e saúde do trabalho nas pequenas empresas. Outra contribuição deste artigo foi a proposta de uma nova lista de verificação para avaliar o grau de cumprimento da NR-18 nos canteiros de obra

Introducing the Concept of Foundational Attributes of Construction Projects

� 2019 Canadian Society for Civil Engineering. All rights reserved. A construction project is considered to be unique due to the process of delivering a customer-designed product, diverse stakeholders involved, the unique location and timeframe of construction, and specific social, economic, and environmental constraints attached to it. The uniqueness of construction projects brought great challenges to the construction industry professionals as well as researchers and educators in the construction discipline. If a method or a model can be developed to assess the similarity between projects and make project comparison more science than art, we can increase the confidence level of researchers when they conduct analyses and make conclusions. We can help industry professionals make better decisions by providing more accurate information. This paper introduces the concept of Foundational Attributes of construction projects. A literature review is conducted to create the framework, and case study projects are applied to the framework to demonstrate how this concept helps with project comparison. A spider chart is chosen to host the concept of Foundational Attributes, and two case study projects are selected to demonstrate how to quantify project similarity using the concept of Foundational Attributes and a spider chart. Last but not least, lessons learned and future research directions are discussed at the end of this paper