A generalized Gelfand pair attached to a 3-step nilpotent Lie group

Let N be a nilpotent Lie group and K a compact subgroup of the automorphism group Aut(N) of N. It is well-known that if (K⋉ N, K) is a Gelfand pair then N is at most 2-step nilpotent Lie group. The notion of Gelfand pair was generalized when K is a non-compact group. In this work, we give an example of a 3-step nilpotent Lie group and a non-compact subgroup K of Aut(N) such that (K⋉ N, N) is a generalized Gelfand pair.Fil: Gallo, Andrea Lilén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Saal, Linda Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentin

Frequency and Circadian Timing of Eating May Influence Biomarkers of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Associated with Breast Cancer Risk.

Emerging evidence suggests that there is interplay between the frequency and circadian timing of eating and metabolic health. We examined the associations of eating frequency and timing with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers putatively associated with breast cancer risk in women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination 2009-2010 Survey. Eating frequency and timing variables were calculated from 24-hour food records and included (1) proportion of calories consumed in the evening (5 pm-midnight), (2) number of eating episodes per day, and (3) nighttime fasting duration. Linear regression models examined each eating frequency and timing exposure variable with C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Each 10 percent increase in the proportion of calories consumed in the evening was associated with a 3 percent increase in CRP. Conversely, eating one additional meal or snack per day was associated with an 8 percent reduction in CRP. There was a significant interaction between proportion of calories consumed in the evening and fasting duration with CRP (p = 0.02). A longer nighttime fasting duration was associated with an 8 percent lower CRP only among women who ate less than 30% of their total daily calories in the evening (p = 0.01). None of the eating frequency and timing variables were significantly associated with HOMA-IR. These findings suggest that eating more frequently, reducing evening energy intake, and fasting for longer nightly intervals may lower systemic inflammation and subsequently reduce breast cancer risk. Randomized trials are needed to validate these associations

Molecular typing of Treponema pallidum isolates from Buenos Aires, Argentina: Frequent Nichols-like isolates and low levels of macrolide resistance

A total of 54 clinical samples, including genital lesion swabs, whole blood and cerebrospinal fluid from patients diagnosed with syphilis were collected in 2006 and in 2013 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Treponemal DNA was detected in 43 of the analyzed samples (79.6%) and further analyzed using Sequencing-based molecular typing (SBMT) and Enhanced CDC-typing (ECDCT). By SBMT, 10 different Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA) genotypes were found, of which six were related to the TPA SS14 strain, and four to the TPA Nichols strain. The 23S rRNA gene was amplified in samples isolated from 42 patients, and in six of them (14.3%), either the A2058G (four patients, 9.5%) or the A2059G (two patients, 4.8%) mutations were found. In addition to Taiwan, Madagascar and Peru, Argentina is another country where the prevalence of Nichols-like isolates (26.8%) is greater than 10%.Fil: Gallo Vaulet, Maria Lucia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Grillová, Linda. Masaryk University; República ChecaFil: Mikalová, Lenka. Masaryk University; República ChecaFil: Casco, Ricardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Fermepin, Marcelo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Pando, María de los Ángeles. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Smajs, David. Masaryk University; República Chec

Association of acculturation with cardiac structure and function among Hispanics/Latinos: a cross-sectional analysis of the echocardiographic study of Latinos.

OBJECTIVE:Hispanics/Latinos, the largest immigrant population in the USA, undergo the process of acculturation and have a large burden of heart failure risk. Few studies have examined the association of acculturation on cardiac structure and function. DESIGN:Cross-sectional. SETTING:The Echocardiographic Study of Latinos. PARTICIPANTS:1818 Hispanic adult participants with baseline echocardiographic assessment and acculturation measured by the Short Acculturation Scale, nativity, age at immigration, length of US residence, generational status and language. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial volume index (LAVI), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), early diastolic transmitral inflow and mitral annular velocities. RESULTS:The study population was predominantly Spanish-speaking and foreign-born with mean residence in the US of 22.7 years, mean age of 56.4 years; 50% had hypertension, 28% had diabetes and 44% had a body mass index &gt;30 kg/m2. Multivariable analyses demonstrated higher LAVI with increasing years of US residence. Foreign-born and first-generation participants had higher E/e' but lower LAVI and e' velocities compared with the second generation. Higher acculturation and income &gt;20K were associated with higher LVMI, LAVI and E/e' but lower e' velocities. Preferential Spanish-speakers with an income <20K had a higher E/e'. CONCLUSIONS:Acculturation was associated with abnormal cardiac structure and function, with some effect modification by socioeconomic status

Una construcción de proyecto de vida a través de tu historia.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal, evidenciar el proceso que se realizó en la práctica profesional, con los niños y niñas del CENTRO DE ATENCIÓN PREVENTIVA SHEKINAH, en el que se identificó, la necesidad de fortalecer el proyecto de vida en los adolescentes del CAP. Las observaciones que se realizaron durante el primer periodo de práctica profesional en la institución, reflejaron que los participantes no presentaban interés frente a la construcción del proyecto de vida y en algunos casos no tenían conocimiento sobre la consolidación de las metas que se proponían frente al mismo

Microglia regulate chandelier cell axo-axonic synaptogenesis

SignificanceChandelier cells (ChCs) are a unique type of GABAergic interneuron that form axo-axonic synapses exclusively on the axon initial segment (AIS) of neocortical pyramidal neurons (PyNs), allowing them to exert powerful yet precise control over PyN firing and population output. The importance of proper ChC function is further underscored by the association of ChC connectivity defects with various neurological conditions. Despite this, the cellular mechanisms governing ChC axo-axonic synapse formation remain poorly understood. Here, we identify microglia as key regulators of ChC axonal morphogenesis and AIS synaptogenesis, and show that disease-induced aberrant microglial activation perturbs proper ChC synaptic development/connectivity in the neocortex. In doing so, such findings highlight the therapeutic potential of manipulating microglia to ensure proper brain wiring

Características histopatológicas para el desarrollo de cáncer gástrico en pacientes con dispepsia

Introducción: en la patogénesis del cáncer gástrico el único método de diagnóstico es el estudio histopatológico que suele realizarse en etapas tardías. La detección oportuna de las lesiones preneoplásicas, disminuirían los cambios irreversibles de la mucosa gástrica y a su vez la incidencia de su malignidad. Objetivos: determinar las características histopatológicas preneoplásicas para el desarrollo de cáncer gástrico y su asociación con la edad y el sexo. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo donde se incluyó 1025 endoscopías digestivas con resultados histopatológicos en el área de gastroenterología del hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, periodo 2014-2015. Resultados: de los 1025 casos, el 80.8 % ya tenían cambio en la mucosa gástrica representada por signos histológicos crónicos, cuyos síntomas inespecíficos se presentaban en un 79 %; el 17.3 % presentaron signos preneoplásicos cuyos síntomas inespecíficos ocurrieron en un 75.8 %. El principal motivo de estudio en todas las lesiones histológicas fue la dispepsia. Conclusiones: los síntomas inespecíficos tuvieron un alto porcentaje de sospecha para indicar la realización de una endoscopía digestiva alta, de ahí la importancia de optimizar la historia clínica, en busca de síntomas precoces, factores de riesgo que contribuyan al desarrollo de neoplasia gástrica

Is local best? Examining the evidence for local adaptation in trees and its scale

Background: Although the importance of using local provenance planting stock for woodland production, habitat conservation and restoration remains contentious, the concept is easy to understand, attractive and easy to ‘sell’. With limited information about the extent and scale of adaptive variation in native trees, discussion about suitable seed sources often emphasises “local” in a very narrow sense or within political boundaries, rather than being based on sound evidence of the scale over which adaptation occurs. Concerns exist over the actual scale (magnitude and spatial scale) of adaptation in trees and the relative dangers of incorrect seed source or restricted seed collection, leading to the establishment of trees with restricted genetic diversity and limited adaptive potential. Tree provenance and progeny field trials in many parts of the world have shown the existence of genotype by environment interaction in many tree species, but have not necessarily looked at whether this is expressed as a home site advantage (i.e. whether provenance performance is unstable across sites, and there is better performance of a local seed source). Methods/design: This review will examine the evidence for local adaptation and its scale in a number of native tree species from different trial sites across the globe (e.g. tropical, Mediterranean, temperate). These trials have been measured and in some cases results published in a range of formats. The data have, however, usually been presented in the form of which provenances grow best at which sites. The review will examine existing data (published and unpublished) in the context of the scale of local adaptation, with the results being presented in two formats: (a) relating survival, performance of provenances (classified by seed zone/provenance region of origin) to seed zone/provenance region of the planting site; (b) plotting survival, performance provenances against the distance (Euclidean/ecological) between the provenance and the trial site.EEA BarilocheFil: Boshier, David. University of Oxford. Department of Plant Sciences; Reino UnidoFil: Broadhurst, Linda. CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR); AustraliaFil: Cornelius, Jonathan. International Center for Research in Agroforestry. World Agroforestry Centre; PerúFil: Gallo, Leonardo Ariel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Koskela, Jarkko. FAO; ItaliaFil: Loo, Judy. Bioversity International; ItaliaFil: Petrokofsky, Gillian. University of Oxford. Department of Zoology; Reino UnidosFil: St Clair, Bradley. US Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Research Station; Estados Unido