Aprendizaje en semiología radiológica para Tecnólogos en Radiología de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, mediante una herramienta informática

La Semiología es una materia compleja que se enseña desde diversas metodologías, lo cual la hace de alto esfuerzo académico para los estudiantes que la requieren en el desarrollo de su actividad. Se ha encontrado que la literatura sobre Semiología Radiológica está dirigida al Médico Radiólogo, lo cual genera un inconveniente para el Tecnólogo en Radiología debido al enfoque, extensión y profundidad de los temas encaminados al diagnóstico y el tratamiento. El uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC), facilitan a los docentes la enseñanza de la semiología, y de esta manera el aprendizaje de esta para los estudiantes, simplificando así la comprensión de la información y el acceso a la misma. Por medio de esta investigación se plantea que, a partir de la implementación de la herramienta informática se producirán diferencias significativas entre el postest y el pretest (intra-grupos) y los sujetos de un grupo experimental

Lovastatin delays infection and increases survival rates in AG129 mice infected with dengue virus serotype 2

ABSTARCT: It has been reported that treatment of DENV-infected cultures with Lovastatin (LOV), can affect viral assembly. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of LOV on the survival rate and viremia levels of DENV-2-infected AG129 mice. Methodology/Principal Findings: Mice were inoculated with 16106 plaque-forming units (PFU/ml) of DENV-2 and treated with LOV (200 mg/kg/day). Pre-treatment with one or three doses of LOV increased the survival rate compared to untreated mice (7.3 and 7.1 days, respectively, compared to 4.8 days). Viremia levels also decreased by 21.8% compared to untreated mice, but only in the group administered three doses prior to inoculation. When LOV was administered after viral inoculation, the survival rate increased (7.3 days in the group treated at 24 hpi, 6.8 days in the group treated at 48 hpi and 6.5 days in the group treated with two doses) compared to the untreated group (4.8 days). Interestingly, the serum viral titer increased by 24.6% in mice treated at 48 hpi with a single dose of LOV and by 21.7% in mice treated with two doses (at 24 and 48 hpi) of LOV compared to untreated mice. Finally histopathological changes in the liver and spleen in infected and untreated mice included massive extramedullary erythropoiesis foci and inflammatory filtration, and these characteristics were decreased or absent in LOV-treated mice. Conclusions/Significance: Our results suggest that the effect of LOV on viremia depends on the timing of treatment and on the number of doses administered. We observed a significant increase in the survival rate in both schemes due to a delay in the progression of the disease. However, the results obtained in the post-treatment scheme must be handled carefully because this treatment scheme increases viremia and we do not know how this increase could affect disease progression in humans

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Anunciando el nacimiento del grupo de investigación “CHHES” “Cómo Hacemos lo Que Hacemos en Educación Superior”

El siglo XX pasará a la historia como el siglo del conocimiento, fruto del movimiento científico que caracterizó a la modernidad. El nuevo siglo se aproxima con aires –o quizás tormentas– de globalización y de posmodernidad; la primera como producto de la planetarización iniciada por los grandes viajeros como Vasco da Gama, Colon y Magallanes y ahora acelerada por los electrones que muy pronto tendrán conectados a más de mil millones de usuarios. La segunda –la posmodernidad– acelerada también por el computador y sus aplicaciones que han hecho posible una nueva física y han hecho fluida la realidad

Effect of prolonged LOV treatment on the survival of infected mice.

<p>Groups of six mice were subjected to prolonged treatment with LOV (200 mg/kg/day) orally after viral inoculation (post-treatment). The first group received a daily dose for five days (24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hrs) and the second group received a daily dose for six days (24, 48, 72, 96, 122 and 144 hrs). Inoculations were administered intraperitoneally with a viral dose of 1×10⁶ PFU/ml. Three types of controls groups were used. The “PBS” group consisted of mice that were not treated with LOV and were not infected, the “CONTROL” group consisted of mice that were treated with LOV but were not infected and the “CONTROL WITHOUT LOV” group consisted of mice that were not treated with LOV but were inoculated with DENV-2. The survival rates were compared between the control without LOV group and treated groups (five and six doses groups). A. Kaplan-Meier curve showing the survival rates of the untreated group and the two treated groups. B. Comparison of the survival rates of untreated and treated groups. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between treated LOV groups and the control without LOV group. Both treatment schemes, using multiple doses of LOV, significantly increased the survival rates.</p

Effect of LOV treatment before viral inoculation (pre-treatment).

<p>Groups of six mice were treated with LOV (200 mg/kg/day) orally prior to intraperitoneal inoculation with 1×10⁶ PFU/ml of virus. One group was treated with a single dose (24 hrs before viral inoculation), and the other group was treated with three doses (72, 48 and 24 hrs before viral inoculation). Three types of controls groups were used. The “PBS” group consisted of mice that were not treated with LOV and were not infected, the “CONTROL” group consisted of mice that were treated with LOV but were not infected and the “CONTROL WITHOUT LOV” group consisted of mice that were not treated with LOV but were inoculated with DENV-2. The viremia and survival rates were compared between the control without LOV group and the treated groups (single- and three-dose groups). A. Plaque assay of infected VERO cells to quantify serum viremia at 3 dpi. Bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM). B. Average body weight percentage, recorded every two days until the animals died or were sacrificed. C. Kaplan-Meier curve showing the survival rates of the untreated group and groups treated with one or three doses of LOV. D. Comparison of survival rates between the untreated group and groups treated with one or three doses. Asterisks in A and D indicate statistically significant differences between the treated LOV groups and the control without LOV group. In the group pre-treated with three LOV doses, there was a significant reduction in viremia. Moreover, the survival rates were increased in both groups (pre-treated with one or three doses).</p

Mice treatment schemes.

<p>Groups of six AG129 mice were subjected to seven treatment schemes. The effect of LOV on viremia and survival rate before viral inoculation (pre-treatment) was evaluated in two experimental groups: single dose (only one dose 24 hours before viral inoculation) and three doses (72, 48 and 24 hours before viral inoculation). The effect of LOV on viremia and survival rate after viral inoculation (post-treatment) was evaluated in three experimental groups: Early dose (only one dose 24 after viral inoculation), late dose (only one dose 48 after viral inoculation) and two doses (24 and 48 hours after viral inoculation). Finally, two other groups were used to evaluate the effect of multiple LOV doses, administered only post-inoculation, on the survival rate (groups five and six doses). In the first five groups, at three days post-inoculation, blood samples were collected and viremia was quantified by a plaque formation assay in VERO cells. The black triangles indicate the day of viral inoculation, the red arrows indicate the days when the clinical signs were monitored, and the red lines indicate the experimental groups in which viremia or survival was measured. In all groups, animals were monitored twice a day and clinical signs (body weight, hackle hair, diarrhea, lethargy and paralysis) and survival rates were evaluated until day eight days, when the animals were sacrificed by CO₂ asphyxiation.</p

Histopathological analysis of spleen sections from AG129 mice under different experimental conditions.

<p>A, D. Untreated and uninfected control mice. B, E. Untreated infected mice. C, F. LOV-treated infected mice. A–C. Comparison between red and white pulp in spleen sections. In normal mice there was a conserved architecture of both pulps (A). In untreated infected mice, expansion of the red pulp was observed with depletion of the white pulp (B). In LOV-treated infected mice, a slight expansion of the red pulp was observed, but loss of the white pulp was not as severe as in untreated animals (C). D–F. Erythropoiesis comparison. In untreated infected mice, massive erythropoiesis was observed with megaloblastic changes (E). In normal mice (C) and treated mice (F), erythropoiesis was minor and no megaloblastic changes were observed.</p

Histopathological analysis of liver sections from AG129 mice under different experimental conditions.

<p>A, D, G, J. Untreated and uninfected control mice. B, E, H, K. Untreated infected mice. C, F, I, L. LOV-treated infected mice. A–C. Comparison between venular portal sections. In infected mice (B) there was congestion with chronic inflammatory lymphocytes compared with normal mice (A), and in mice treated with LOV, the infiltration was lower (C). D–F. Sinusoids comparison. Sinusoidal congestion was observed in untreated infected mice (E), and this was reduced in LOV-treated mice (F). In normal mice, there was no congestion (D). G–I. In LOV-treated (I) or untreated (J) mice there was hyperplasia of Kupffer cells compared with normal mice (G). J–L. In infected mice, massive extramedullar erythropoiesis was observed (K). In LOV-treated mice, erythropoiesis was minor and the number of outbreaks was lower (L). In untreated and uninfected control mice, erythropoiesis was not observed (J).</p

Viral titer in different treatment schemes compared with the control without LOV group.

<p>In all comparisons, <i>p</i>-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p