Severe tissue damage and neurological deficit following extravasation of sodium hypochlorite solution during routine endodontic treatment.

Endodontic therapy is a routinely practised clinical procedure with few reported complications. Sodium hypochlorite is often used as an irrigant during this procedure, but severe complications may occur if this solution extravasates beyond the root apex. We present a case demonstrating some of the severe sequelae that can occur following the misuse of sodium hypochlorite during endodontic treatment of an upper lateral incisor, which also resulted in the previously unreported complication of isolated facial nerve weakness

A Pilot Clinical Study on the Prognostic Relevance of Plasmatic Exosomes Levels in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Background: To evaluate the relationship between the plasmatic CD63 and CAV1 positive exosome levels, in patients with OSCC before and after surgical treatment and to correlate it with their overall survival. Methods: A double-blind pilot study over 10 patients OSCC and T4 stage without distant metastases or local bone invasion has been performed. The average follow-up period was 37.64 months (34.3–40.84). We obtained 2 plasma tubes of 1 mL each before surgery and 7 days after surgery. Before performing the immunocapture-based analysis, EVs (Extracellular Vesicles) were isolated from the plasma and characterized with western blot analysis. Results: Mean values of CD63 positive plasmatic exosomes (EXO-CD63) after surgery decreased from 750.88 ± 286.67 to 541.71 ± 244.93 (p = 0.091). On the other hand, CAV-1 positive plasmatic exosomes (EXO-CAV-1) increased after surgery from 507 ± 483.39 to 1120.25 ± 1151.17 (p = 0.237). Patients with EXO-CD63 levels lower than the mean global value before the surgery had a survival of 36.04 months compared with the group with EXO-CD63 higher than the average who only survived 12.49 ± 1.67 months from the diagnosis, p = 0.225. When EXO-CAV-1 levels before surgery was lower than the average (813.94 ± 801.21) overall survival was 24.69 ± 22.23 months in contrast when it was higher that was only 11.64 months, p = 0.157. Patients with lower EXO-CD63 levels after surgery lived an average of 23.84 ± 23.9 months, while those with higher plasmatic levels of EXO-CD63 live 13.35 months, p = 0.808. When EXO-CAV-1 levels after surgery were lower, the average overall survival was 20.344 ± 15.40 months, in contrast when the EXO-CAV-1 levels were higher showing rather an estimate survival expectation of 1.64 months. Conclusions: Surgical treatment induced a dramatic reduction of the plasmatic levels of exosomes expressing CD63 as early as 1 week after resection. This first result suggests that the tumour mass is responsible of the high levels of circulating exosomes detected in cancer patients. At the same time point exosome expressing CAV-1 increased, possibly due to the inflammatory reaction immediately after surgery. Lastly, statistical analysis showed that lower levels of plasmatic exosomes both before and after surgery correlated with a better life expectancy of OSCC patients. Hopefully, this approach will prove useful in the clinical follow-up of cancer patientsS

20 years of alveolar distraction : a systematic review of the literature

The Vertical Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (VADO) technique is an excellent solution for bone and soft tissue neoformation in areas in which there has been significant bone atrophy that hinders normal rehabilitation using dental implants. The goal of this systematic review is to analyze the most relevant articles published on VADO in the literature over the past 20 years. The review was performed by using the keywords: ?alveolar ridge?, ?distraction ostegenesis? and ?dental implant?. This search produced a total result of 240 articles. The clinical studies and cases reported in humans amounted to 113 articles, 18 articles referred to studies developed on animals and 33 review articles. The presentation of this systematic analysis follows the criteria described in the PRISMA declaration. 22 articles complied with the inclusion criteria and 7 articles more were added manually, reaching a total sample of 29 studies. Following the analysis of the studies, they were classified into 18 high-quality, 10 mediumquality and 1 low-quality study. Only 4 studies achieved a maximum score of 9 (according to NewCastle Ottawa Scale, NOS). VADO is a technique with greater potential in vertical gain. The performance of dental implants has a success and survival rate similar to dental implants placed on bones that are not subject to increase techniques

Importance of the vaporization margin during CO2 laser treatment of oral leukoplakia: a survival study

Objectives: the main purpose of this study was to assess the response of oral leukoplakia to CO2 laser vaporization treatment, as well as determining possible factors that may affect recurrence of lesions. Materials and methods: a retrospective study was conducted, in which the medical records of patients who had been clinically and histologically diagnosed with oral leukoplakia and treated with CO2 laser between 1996 and 2019 at the Oral Medicine Teaching Unit of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Santiago de Compostela were reviewed. Results: fifty-eight patients were included: 36 female and 22 male subjects, with a mean age of 63.7 years old (SD ±13.1). The average follow-up time was 57.5 months (SD ±57.9). A relapse rate of 52.6% was determined. Of all the studied variables, the margin was the only one for which a statistically significant association with recurrence of lesions was demonstrated (p < 0.05). Conclusion: the vaporization of lesions using CO2 laser with a safety margin of at least 3 mm from the clinical limits of OL is a key factor in preventing recurrenceS

Prognostic value of CAIX expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia-related protein considered as a predictor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biological behaviour. Nevertheless, this prognostic value is still yet to be validated. We aim to quantify prognostic significance of CAIX overexpression in OSCC by meta-analysis. We performed searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WOS, WHO’S databases, CPCI, and OATD from inception to August 2019. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional control (LC), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were considered as outcomes of interest. Overall 18 studies were included. CAIX overexpression was associated with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.45 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–1.80) and DFS (HR = 1.98 95% CI 1.18–3.32). To the contrary, it was neither associated with LC (HR = 1.01 95% CI 0.50–2.02) nor with DSS (HR = 1.35 95% CI 0.78–2.33). Heterogeneity was negligible in all analyses except for DSS. Small studies effect was not significant for OS and DFS. This study shows that immunohistochemical CAIX assessment is a useful OSCC prognostic biomarkerS

Survival study of leukoplakia malignant transformation in a region of northern Spain

Oral leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder (PMD) of the oral cavity. The objectives of this study are to determine the clinicopathologic features in a group of patients with oral leukoplakia of Northern Spain (Galicia), determining the factors associated to clinical risk and analyzing the malignant transformation of these patients. We included 85 patients. We recorded sex and age, habits like alcohol and tobacco, size, clinical appearance, site, number of lesions, and presence or absence of dysplasia. We assess the association between risk factors and transformation and developed a logistic regression analysis. Finally we used the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test for the survival analysis. 7 patients (8.2%) had malignant transformation. The mean follow-up of the patients was 4.13 years versus 5.58 years of those who developed carcinoma. Only location and initial dysplasia have a statistically significant relationship with malignant transformation, but when applied the long rank test only the presence of dysplasia remains statistically significant(P<0,026). Oral Cancer Free Survival was 81.9% (0.150) at 11 years for the group without dysplasia. We found that the presence of dysplasia is the only risk factor that is statistically related to the development of a carcinoma

Morphological behavior and attachment of p19 neural cells to root-end filling materials

Some techniques and instruments like stereomicroscopy and confocal microscopy used for observing neural cells are too complicated and dependent on preparation and cell fixation methods. This may question the results of these methods. Though, we have used scanning electron microscopy on replicated specimens to observe p19 neural cells and their cellular extensions. This manuscript has shown the feasibility of using replica (indirect) method instead of direct methods for observing morphological characteristics of this high sensitive cell line. As neural cells are very sensitive to fixation solutions and processes, we have used replica mode and observed neural cells with a novel indirect method. We have used replica mode in this study to indirectly and noninvasively evaluate the state of p19 neural cells and their cellular extensions. SCANNING 32: 369–374, 2010. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79434/1/20209_ftp.pd

Measurement of forward Z → e+e− production s√s=8 TeV

A measurement of the cross-section for Z-boson production in the forward region of pp collisions at 8 TeV centre-of-mass energy is presented. The measurement is based on a sample of Z → e+e− decays reconstructed using the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb−1. The acceptance is defined by the requirements 2.0 20 GeV for the pseudorapidities and transverse momenta of the leptons. Their invariant mass is required to lie in the range 60-120 GeV. The cross-section is determined to beS

Measurement of indirect CP asymmetries in D0 → K−K+ and D0 → π−π+ decays using semileptonic B decays

Time-dependent CP asymmetries in the decay rates of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays D0 → K−K+ and D0 → π−π+ are measured in pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The D0 mesons are produced in semileptonic b-hadron decays, where the charge of the accompanying muon is used to determine the initial state as D0 or D¯0. The asymmetries in effective lifetimes between D0 and D¯0 decays, which are sensitive to indirect CP violation, are determined to be AΓ(K−K+)=(−0.134±0.077−0.026−0.034)%,AΓ(π−π+)=(−0.092±0.145−0.025−0.033)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. This result is in agreement with previous measurements and with the hypothesis of no indirect CP violation in D0 decays.S